King Saud University Medical City Performs World’s First Cochlear Implant Procedure Using Autonomous Navigation

Consultant Otolaryngologist at King Saud University Medical City Dr. Farid Alzahrani explained that autonomous navigation is among the latest technologies supporting cochlear implant procedures - SPA
Consultant Otolaryngologist at King Saud University Medical City Dr. Farid Alzahrani explained that autonomous navigation is among the latest technologies supporting cochlear implant procedures - SPA
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King Saud University Medical City Performs World’s First Cochlear Implant Procedure Using Autonomous Navigation

Consultant Otolaryngologist at King Saud University Medical City Dr. Farid Alzahrani explained that autonomous navigation is among the latest technologies supporting cochlear implant procedures - SPA
Consultant Otolaryngologist at King Saud University Medical City Dr. Farid Alzahrani explained that autonomous navigation is among the latest technologies supporting cochlear implant procedures - SPA

A surgical team at King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center at King Saud University Medical City performed the world's first cochlear implant procedure using autonomous navigation technology, marking a significant advancement in hearing restoration surgery.

Consultant Otolaryngologist at King Saud University Medical City Dr. Farid Alzahrani explained that autonomous navigation is among the latest technologies supporting cochlear implant procedures, SPA reported.

It enables surgeons to achieve a precise and consistent electrode insertion pathway, helping improve hearing outcomes.

He noted that the procedure begins with the development of a detailed surgical plan based on medical imaging and the physiological responses expected during electrode insertion into the cochlea. The technology then guides the electrode along the predetermined path with a high degree of accuracy, enhancing surgical precision and consistency.

Alzahrani added that King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center is among the first centers worldwide to adopt this pioneering technology.



Exotic Species Appear Off California Thanks to an Unusually Strong El Niño

Dana Wharf Sport Fishing and Whale Watching co-owner Donna Kalez poses in front of her family's 55-year-old business on the waters of Dana Point, California, US, October 9, 2026. REUTERS/Mike Blake
Dana Wharf Sport Fishing and Whale Watching co-owner Donna Kalez poses in front of her family's 55-year-old business on the waters of Dana Point, California, US, October 9, 2026. REUTERS/Mike Blake
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Exotic Species Appear Off California Thanks to an Unusually Strong El Niño

Dana Wharf Sport Fishing and Whale Watching co-owner Donna Kalez poses in front of her family's 55-year-old business on the waters of Dana Point, California, US, October 9, 2026. REUTERS/Mike Blake
Dana Wharf Sport Fishing and Whale Watching co-owner Donna Kalez poses in front of her family's 55-year-old business on the waters of Dana Point, California, US, October 9, 2026. REUTERS/Mike Blake

The longfin bigeye fish was spotted in California for the first time last month, and the first sea turtles of any kind nested on California beaches. Meanwhile, a venomous yellow-bellied sea snake swam ashore as whale sharks and hammerheads cruised just off the coast.

Exotic species have been visiting California's shores since an unusually strong El Niño weather phenomenon arrived this year. Occurring naturally every few years, El Niño brings warm ocean water farther north, and tropical species with it, providing California with a stunning visual display that has become ever more evident with the advent of drone and video technology.

"There's kind of a buzz. Fishermen are loving it for sure. I'm as interested as anybody else. It's strange times," said Nate Jaros, vice president of animal care at the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach.

Other visitors include flying fish and manta rays.

California had already experienced an unusual marine heat wave just before its arrival. This year's phenomenon coincided with a string of hurricanes ⁠in the eastern ⁠Pacific, fueling sea level rise and large waves that have destroyed homes and denuded some Southern California beaches of sand. Preparing for more effects to come this winter, California has declared a state of emergency.

But it has provided a bounty for businesses like Dana Wharf Sportfishing & Whale Watching. Co-owner Donna Kalez said anglers have pulled in 5,000 yellowfin tuna this year, compared to 2 a year ago. They are also landing wahoo and dorado, also known as mahi-mahi, a green fish with a blunt head giving it the profile of a bulldozer.

"Dorado is very exciting because they're very acrobatic, so they jump out of the water. We ⁠catch them off kelp paddies, and it's a thrill," Reuters quoted Kalez as saying.

Experts expect conditions to mostly return to normal after El Niño, a natural phenomenon predating human-caused climate change, passes next year. The greatest short-term harm may be to kelp, which thrives in colder waters and provides habitat for multiple species, experts say.

"It’s good for some sharks and probably bad for others," said Chris Lowe, director of the Shark Lab at California State University, Long Beach. "For animals that can't move, that's a bigger problem, right? Most sharks that are highly mobile. They can simply move."

The yellow-bellied sea snake may have venomous fangs but cannot swim like a large shark.

When an apparently sick one swam ashore in Orange County in September, a beachgoer used a palm frond to lift it off the sand and drop it in the sea. Jaros said that based on cellphone video he had little doubt it was the yellow-bellied sea snake, Hydrophis platurus.

There have only been six or ⁠seven confirmed sightings in California, said ⁠William Ludt, associate curator of ichthyology at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The last confirmed sighting came during the El Niño of 2015-2016, he said.

Exotic sharks such as the whale shark — a gentle giant and the largest fish on Earth — and the more menacing-looking hammerheads venture into California waters during El Niño. Both have been spotted recently. Lowe said a white shark nursery reappeared for the first time since 2011 in Santa Monica Bay, where juveniles frolic without bothering humans.

Ludt said the aptly named longfin bigeye fish species was recorded for the first time in California this year when an angler caught one on the Venice Fishing Pier in Los Angeles.

When two olive ridley sea turtle nests were found on a pair of Orange County beaches in September, they marked the first-ever recorded nest for any sea turtle species on the US West Coast, according to the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The first was discovered by a beachgoer in Seal Beach on September 16, the second by lifeguards in neighboring Huntington Beach three days later, officials said.

And other new species may yet arrive.

"We still aren't fully through it," Ludt said. "It's still very much ongoing."


'We've Never Had This': Bear Sightings Spook Russia

Russia's brown bear population has more than doubled since 1990, according to one estimate. Handout / National Park "Zapovednoye Pribaikalye"/AFP
Russia's brown bear population has more than doubled since 1990, according to one estimate. Handout / National Park "Zapovednoye Pribaikalye"/AFP
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'We've Never Had This': Bear Sightings Spook Russia

Russia's brown bear population has more than doubled since 1990, according to one estimate. Handout / National Park "Zapovednoye Pribaikalye"/AFP
Russia's brown bear population has more than doubled since 1990, according to one estimate. Handout / National Park "Zapovednoye Pribaikalye"/AFP

Seeing what looked like a brown blob in a tree while driving through Siberia's Irkutsk region, 36-year-old Daria Tyurneva pulled over, curious to get a better look.

She was not expecting to find a bear cub, perched on a branch, several feet up.

"We stopped, without turning off the engine or taking off the gear, because we knew the mother could be somewhere nearby," Tyurneva told AFP, showing a phone video she recorded of the bear.

Her sighting was one of several to spook Russians in recent weeks, as the country grapples with a spate of deadly bear attacks.

Russia is home to the world's largest population of brown bears. Experts say interactions with bears are becoming more common, as habitat loss and climate change force the animals to find food where humans live.

Their numbers have more than doubled since 1990, from around 130,000 to almost 308,000 in 2026, according to an estimate from Russia's natural resources ministry.

While the number of bear attacks across Russia has remained constant at around 20 to 30 a year, according to the ministry, a series of recent maulings has caused alarm.

At least 26 people have been killed in bear attacks this year, seven of which were in Siberia's vast Krasnodar region, according to Russian state media.

In September, a bear was reported to have killed a 66-year-old woman after dragging her from her window, while a week later, a 39-year-old logger was killed guarding machinery in a forest.

A Siberian town reported last month that it was "under siege" from the furry animals.

- 'I started fighting it' -

Bears flee in the vast majority of encounters with humans, according to the Russian government.

The number of deadly attacks this year has not yet reached the record of around 80 deaths, last seen in 1996, according to the state-owned TASS news agency.

This year has seen abnormally large bear sightings, said Mikhail Strelkov, a ranger in the Lake Baikal national park.

"We've never had this," he told AFP of the recent incursions of bears into urban areas.

"There is no pine nut in the forest, the main food source that the bear eats and uses to fatten before hibernation," he added.

He showed AFP videos his team had recorded of bears frolicking at the edge of Lake Baikal, one of which scampered away upon hearing their boat approach.

Vladimir Odulo, an angler from Russia's far east, told the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper in October how a female bear rushed at him on the banks of a river.

"Believe it or not, I didn't even have time to get scared. I started fighting it off with my fishing rod," he said.

He said he escaped after a fight that left him with injuries across his body.

- 'Not afraid of bears' -

Authorities have introduced curfews in some municipalities and formed bands of hunters but some environmental activists say the government may be overestimating the bear population.

So far, in 2026, officials have culled more than "3,400 dangerous bears", TASS reported earlier in October.

Alla, a Russian tourist whom AFP met at the entrance to a hiking trail near Lake Baikal, said she turned back after seeing a sign warning of bears.

"Maybe I will come again to see. Maybe in summer, maybe in winter, when they're hibernating," she said.

Other tourists were unfazed.

"I'm not afraid of bears," said 39-year-old Chinese tourist Nick, who also only gave one name.

Brown bears eat a mixed diet that can include up to 90 percent fruit and vegetation.

Russia's emergencies ministry says the best way to avoid bear encounters is to make loud noises and that in the rare event a bear starts to attack, "to give up".

"It's common for a bear to stop attacking when it feels the threat has been eliminated. Remain motionless for as long as possible," it said.

"If you move and the bear sees or hears you, it may return and resume the attack. In rare cases, an attacking bear may mistake a person for food."


Tiny Fiji Village Restores Dying Fishery with Coral Planting

Villagers and environment advocates plant coral in the sea within the Naidiri Marine Biodiversity Park. Saeed KHAN / AFP
Villagers and environment advocates plant coral in the sea within the Naidiri Marine Biodiversity Park. Saeed KHAN / AFP
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Tiny Fiji Village Restores Dying Fishery with Coral Planting

Villagers and environment advocates plant coral in the sea within the Naidiri Marine Biodiversity Park. Saeed KHAN / AFP
Villagers and environment advocates plant coral in the sea within the Naidiri Marine Biodiversity Park. Saeed KHAN / AFP

It had been decades since sharks last patrolled the reef off the coast of Fiji's Naidiri Village, but they returned this year following a community-led effort to protect the fishery and plant thousands of corals.

Manoa Duwai convinced his village in 2009 to create a protected area within their customary fishing grounds on Fiji's Coral Coast after concerns over the small number and size of fish he was catching.

At the time, he was lucky to catch a fish as big as his palm.

"Man, imagine 10, 15, 20 years to come, what we going to have," Duwai said after a fishing trip one night yielded only tiny, juvenile fish.

"What type of species are we going to have left in our customary fishing ground? We have to do something," he said.

Duwai approached village elders with a proposal to protect part of their fishing grounds, originally a 30-by-40-metre area within the reef.

It didn't take long for the plan to bear fruit, with larger fish finding a home in the protected area and then spreading into the neighboring waters.

In time, the village increased the size of the protected area to 280 by 240 meters. It is now flanked by a similar-sized area they call "the fridge", which they temporarily closed as a way to build up fish stocks.

Duwai's vision for a plentiful marine habitat that would sustain his village of 147 people has now received global praise, with academics and charities seeking his insights.

- Youth ownership -

Joseva Kunagado, 21, leads the youth of Naidiri Village in preserving the health of their protected area.

The village formed a youth group in 2011 to manage what they call the "tabu area", and the group leads the effort to plant corals and encourage a healthy ecosystem.

In 2023 alone, the group planted 18,000 corals and 10,000 mangroves.

"When we started this we were small kids," Kunagado told AFP.

"We used to take some barrels, cut it in half, tie the rope on it, and we pull it. We have to walk for maybe 20 minutes to get corals, come back and plant.

"From that to today, we can say that we are very happy on the work that we have done because we've seen big changes."

The protected area Kunagado and his friends have cultivated is bursting with corals and is now home to hundreds of heat-resistant "super corals" that may protect the village from the impacts of rising sea temperatures.

Sharks have started returning to the area.

Far from being scared, Duwai said he shed a tear when they came back this year.

"When things started to come back, different types of fish species, invertebrates, all back, I'm like the most happiest person in the whole village," Duwai said.

Kunagado said he'd seen sharks the morning of AFP's visit. He smiled with pride at the state of the fishery.

"We didn't see this coming, like having tourists coming, having researchers, students from universities coming. So we're proud of the work."

- Super corals -

Researchers are interested in not only how Naidiri Village has protected their marine ecosystem, but also specific corals showing extraordinary heat resistance.

Duwai said water temperatures reached up to 39C during a heatwave earlier this year, and there was widespread bleaching of the thousands of planted corals.

At those temperatures, most of the coral should have died, but Duwai said 20 percent survived and are considered "super corals".

"The only corals we have here now are the ones who survived this 38, 39 degrees."

Duwai said Naidiri is now transplanting their heat-resistant corals to deeper, cooler waters close to the capital Suva to further protect from future heatwaves.