US Study Tests Psilocybin to Fight Cancer Side Effects

A health worker from the community health center prepares a cervical cancer and rubella vaccination during the School Children Immunization Month (BIAS) program at a school  in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 27 August 2026. EPA/HOTLI SIMANJUNTAK
A health worker from the community health center prepares a cervical cancer and rubella vaccination during the School Children Immunization Month (BIAS) program at a school in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 27 August 2026. EPA/HOTLI SIMANJUNTAK
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US Study Tests Psilocybin to Fight Cancer Side Effects

A health worker from the community health center prepares a cervical cancer and rubella vaccination during the School Children Immunization Month (BIAS) program at a school  in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 27 August 2026. EPA/HOTLI SIMANJUNTAK
A health worker from the community health center prepares a cervical cancer and rubella vaccination during the School Children Immunization Month (BIAS) program at a school in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 27 August 2026. EPA/HOTLI SIMANJUNTAK

Here's a novel idea for countering the painful side effects of chemotherapy: beforehand, take the hallucinogenic drug found in magic mushrooms.

The study published Thursday in the journal Science involved tests on rats and certain human tissues as researchers looked at using psilocybin to fight a condition called peripheral neuropathy, which affects millions of people around the world.

It is a nerve ailment that hits about three quarters of all people who undergo chemo and commonly causes numbness and tingling, Patrick Dougherty, a co-author of the study, said in a call with reporters.

But a third of that group will develop non-stop, burning pain, said Dougherty, a pain treatment specialist at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

The symptoms can lead to trouble walking and other debilitating complications that can last after a person finishes chemotherapy, and even remain with them for life, AFP reported.

And it is not just a quality-of-life issue. This complication also affects a cancer patient's chances of survival because sometimes the side effects are so bad they force doctors to cut back on chemo or stop it altogether.

It was almost by accident that these researchers found that psilocybin can help cancer patients.

The team was initially studying how the disease manages to hijack nerve cells in order to grow.

And the researchers were surprised to see the mushroom ingredient -- it was being used to study a brain pathway regeneration concept called neuroplasticity -- actually prevented the emergence of peripheral neuropathy.

Later experiments highlighted psilocybin's role in protecting nerve cells and stimulating inside them the transport of mitochondria, often referred to as a cell's powerhouse.

This is key because chemo destroys the microscopic railroads that allow mitochondria to send energy all the way to the tips of people's hands and feet, killing off nerve endings there.

Psilocybin also seems to act on the brain, preserving electrical activity that chemotherapy thwarts.

In rodents, taking two doses of psilocybin before chemo was enough to prevent the appearance of painful hypersensitivity during as many as six rounds of treatment. And it did this without affecting the animal's immune system or hindering the cancer-fighting action.

"This is a highly promising finding," said Kristy Townsend, a professor of neurobiology at The Ohio State University who was not involved in the study.

And psilocybin's nerve-protecting quality does not seem to be linked to its hallucinogenic effects because a non-hallucinogenic analogue had the same effect in a lab test, she added.

Before the treatment can be made standard for people, testing will be needed to see if it is safe and effective, said Townsend.

This will be a long, slow process though it should be eased by a boom in medical research on psychedelic substances and a Trump administration executive order in April to speed up research and regulatory reviews, these scientists say.

The MD Anderson Cancer Center plans to launch clinical tests with psilocybin on cancer patients later this year.

Meanwhile it is important for cancer patients to avoid using magic mushrooms on their own as treatment, the researchers warned.

Psilocybin is legal in a few US states.

The drug has an "amplifier" effect and cancer patients who take it without supervision could feel more stressed and anxious than they already are because of their cancer diagnosis, said Gregory Jones, a psychiatrist who took part in the study released Thursday.

"If you put somebody in adversity under these psychedelic substances, you can get much worse," Jones said.



EU Monitor: El Nino Sets Temperature Record in Key Pacific Zone

The El Nino phenomenon triggers changes in weather that can exacerbate man-made global warming. Gerardo MENOSCAL / AFP/File
The El Nino phenomenon triggers changes in weather that can exacerbate man-made global warming. Gerardo MENOSCAL / AFP/File
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EU Monitor: El Nino Sets Temperature Record in Key Pacific Zone

The El Nino phenomenon triggers changes in weather that can exacerbate man-made global warming. Gerardo MENOSCAL / AFP/File
The El Nino phenomenon triggers changes in weather that can exacerbate man-made global warming. Gerardo MENOSCAL / AFP/File

An intensifying El Nino broke a temperature record in a key zone of the Pacific in September, the EU's climate monitor said Monday, in another sign the weather pattern is gaining exceptional strength.

Global forecasters have been warning for months that this El Nino would likely become the strongest ever observed, and the latest record has tumbled even before the episode's expected peak later this year.

The warming phase of a natural climate cycle, El Nino raises sea temperatures in the tropical Pacific, triggering changes in weather that can increase the risk of drought and flooding, and exacerbate man-made global warming.

The Copernicus Climate Change Service said sea surface temperatures in a tell-tale El Nino monitoring region of the Pacific, known as Nino3.4, had reached an "all-time high" of 29.70C last month.

This exceeded the peak temperatures of previously strong El Nino events of 1982/1983, 1997/1998 and 2015/2016, "underscoring the exceptional intensity of the current El Nino", the EU monitor said.

But in a statement to AFP, Copernicus said it "cannot yet say that the current El Nino is the strongest ever recorded".

As climate change raises ocean temperatures, it can make recent El Nino events appear stronger than past ones, complicating historical comparisons.

Copernicus said it had adopted a new index, which accounts for the warming of tropical oceans, that suggested the current event is not yet stronger than past ones.

But the values observed in September "point to an already exceptionally strong El Nino, especially given that the event has not yet reached its peak", Copernicus told AFP.

Not all forecasters use the same scale to interpret El Nino.

On Friday, Japan's weather agency said that El Nino conditions had reached their "strongest intensity on record", with temperatures in the phenomenon's monitoring area 4C above normal.

- Record ocean temperatures -

As El Nino gathers strength, global average sea surface temperatures hit a record 21.05C for September, topping the previous high of 20.92C for the same month in 2023, according to Copernicus.

Overall, the world experienced its second hottest September on record, with surface air temperatures averaging 16.27C, the EU service said.

September was 1.63C hotter than the pre-industrial average, a period defined as 1850-1900.

Nations agreed at the 2015 UN climate talks in Paris to keep global warming "well below" 2C above pre-industrial levels, while pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5C, in order to limit the effects of climate change.

But the United Nations declared in September that the long-term 1.5C target would be missed in a matter of years.

"We are in a new run of months above 1.5C, and with a strong El Nino still intensifying it is likely to last into 2027," Copernicus director Carlo Buontempo said in a statement.

"Crossing the Paris Agreement's long-term limit is only a matter of time. How far we overshoot, and for how long, is still up to us," he said.

Scientists say it is crucial to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels to limit the period of "overshoot" above 1.5C and bring temperatures back down as quickly as possible.

Experts have warned that this El Nino would likely push global temperatures to a new record in 2027.

El Nino warms surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, bringing worldwide changes in winds, pressure and rainfall patterns.

It typically takes place every two to seven years and lasts around nine to 12 months.


Indonesia Moves 8 Endangered Orangutans to Safety after Borneo Fires

A Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) named Mama Lifa, along with her baby Lifa (unseen), who were rescued from an area affected by wildfires, leave the cage during translocation at Batu Nyambu protected forest area in Ketapang regency, West Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 9, 2026. Muffidz Ma’sum/Yayasan Inisiasi Alam Rehabilitasi Indonesia (YIARI)/ Handout via REUTERS
A Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) named Mama Lifa, along with her baby Lifa (unseen), who were rescued from an area affected by wildfires, leave the cage during translocation at Batu Nyambu protected forest area in Ketapang regency, West Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 9, 2026. Muffidz Ma’sum/Yayasan Inisiasi Alam Rehabilitasi Indonesia (YIARI)/ Handout via REUTERS
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Indonesia Moves 8 Endangered Orangutans to Safety after Borneo Fires

A Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) named Mama Lifa, along with her baby Lifa (unseen), who were rescued from an area affected by wildfires, leave the cage during translocation at Batu Nyambu protected forest area in Ketapang regency, West Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 9, 2026. Muffidz Ma’sum/Yayasan Inisiasi Alam Rehabilitasi Indonesia (YIARI)/ Handout via REUTERS
A Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) named Mama Lifa, along with her baby Lifa (unseen), who were rescued from an area affected by wildfires, leave the cage during translocation at Batu Nyambu protected forest area in Ketapang regency, West Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 9, 2026. Muffidz Ma’sum/Yayasan Inisiasi Alam Rehabilitasi Indonesia (YIARI)/ Handout via REUTERS

Indonesian authorities and conservation workers successfully moved eight orangutans to a safe location after the endangered primates' homes were destroyed by wildfires in the forests of Borneo, they said on Sunday.

The Southeast Asian nation is battling its most intense wildfires in 11 years, mainly on Sumatra and Borneo islands, and the government has warned the blazes could continue until November, aggravated by the El Niño weather pattern.

Three mother-child pairs and two adolescent male orangutans were among those rescued between August and September from several locations, ⁠the Indonesian government ⁠and wildlife foundation, Yayasan Inisiasi Alam Rehabilitasi Indonesia (YIARI) said in a statement.

"Their relocation to Batu Nyambu protected forest is expected to give the eight orangutans a chance to return to living naturally," the statement read, according to Reuters.

Orangutans are critically endangered great apes found in the wild ⁠only on the Southeast Asian islands of Borneo and Sumatra, with Indonesia home to all three recognized species, according to the World Wildlife Fund. Populations have declined due to deforestation, wildfires and poaching.

The relocation operation took six hours by car, one hour on boats, and two more hours on foot, with the orangutans in cages carried on bamboo poles. Before they were moved, YIARI conservationists checked the animals' health.

Since August, the West ⁠Kalimantan Natural ⁠Resources Conservation Agency and YIARI have rescued 46 orangutans affected by fires, agency head Murlan Dameria Pane said.

From January to July this year, fires burned around 202,000 hectares (500,000 acres) in Indonesia. No official data for subsequent months has been released, but non-governmental organizations estimate fires have burned at least 600,000 hectares more since.

Haze from the fires has caused 175,000 cases of respiratory illness in Indonesia, with the smog affecting neighboring Singapore and Malaysia where many schools were closed on Friday as air quality deteriorated.


'No Divisions, No Borders', French Astronaut Says of Seeing Earth

European Space Agency (ESA) French astronaut Sophie Adenot cries while speaking to the media as she returns to Europe, following the return of NASA's SpaceX Crew-12 mission to Earth after nearly eight months in space, in Cologne, Germany, October 10, 2026. REUTERS/Thilo Schmuelgen
European Space Agency (ESA) French astronaut Sophie Adenot cries while speaking to the media as she returns to Europe, following the return of NASA's SpaceX Crew-12 mission to Earth after nearly eight months in space, in Cologne, Germany, October 10, 2026. REUTERS/Thilo Schmuelgen
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'No Divisions, No Borders', French Astronaut Says of Seeing Earth

European Space Agency (ESA) French astronaut Sophie Adenot cries while speaking to the media as she returns to Europe, following the return of NASA's SpaceX Crew-12 mission to Earth after nearly eight months in space, in Cologne, Germany, October 10, 2026. REUTERS/Thilo Schmuelgen
European Space Agency (ESA) French astronaut Sophie Adenot cries while speaking to the media as she returns to Europe, following the return of NASA's SpaceX Crew-12 mission to Earth after nearly eight months in space, in Cologne, Germany, October 10, 2026. REUTERS/Thilo Schmuelgen

French astronaut Sophie Adenot went through "all human emotions, from the most joyful to the hardest" during her eight months in space, she said back on solid ground on Saturday in Germany.

Adenot splashed down in the Pacific Ocean Thursday off the coast of California in the Dragon capsule that carried Crew-12, having returned to Earth from a mission on the International Space Station (ISS), Agence France Presse reported.

She had spent a total of 235 days in space, breaking the record for the longest uninterrupted orbital stay by a European astronaut.

At 400 km away from Earth, Adenot could see there are "no divisions, no borders" but "just a precious planet that we all share," she said Saturday on the tarmac of the European Space Agency (ESA) training center in Cologne, occasionally in tears.

The 44-year-old astronaut looked visibly weakened on her arrival in Germany and was assisted by two ESA physicians.

In space, the body adapts to the absence of gravity, which leads to bone loss, muscle wasting, cardiovascular deconditioning and even visual problems.

Adenot must now begin an intensive recovery program of about three weeks to regain her pre-flight condition.

"It's a cocktail of astonishing emotions, it's incredible. It's great to be back on Earth, but it also comes with its share of challenges, especially physiological ones," she told a press conference.

She also described the "difficult" moment of Thursday's splashdown, when the capsule bringing back the four astronauts on her team had to endure "a lot of waves for 25 minutes.”

"And when the commandos pulled me out of the capsule, the first thing I said to them was, 'Send me back to space, please!' It was much easier up there," she added.

During the mission, Adenot became the first French female astronaut to venture outside the space station for a spacewalk. In all, she undertook three spacewalks on August 18 and 25, and September 1.