European Source to Asharq Al-Awsat: IAEA, Tehran Have Made Little Progress 

This satellite photo from Planet Labs PBC shows Iran's Natanz nuclear site near Natanz, Iran, on April 14, 2023. (Planet Labs PBC via AP)
This satellite photo from Planet Labs PBC shows Iran's Natanz nuclear site near Natanz, Iran, on April 14, 2023. (Planet Labs PBC via AP)
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European Source to Asharq Al-Awsat: IAEA, Tehran Have Made Little Progress 

This satellite photo from Planet Labs PBC shows Iran's Natanz nuclear site near Natanz, Iran, on April 14, 2023. (Planet Labs PBC via AP)
This satellite photo from Planet Labs PBC shows Iran's Natanz nuclear site near Natanz, Iran, on April 14, 2023. (Planet Labs PBC via AP)

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Iran have made little progress over the latter’s nuclear program, a European source told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Iran is advancing its program at a "rapid and alarming pace", it added.

In spite of the progress that IAEA Director-General Rafael Mariano Grossi had spoken of, the "signs overall are not encouraging," continued the source.

Grossi warned on Monday that cooperation with Iran on better monitoring its nuclear program was "very slow", saying while some cameras and other equipment had been installed again "a lot more" needed to be done.

In March, Iran agreed to reconnect surveillance cameras at several nuclear sites almost a year after they were turned off, as Tehran has stepped up its atomic program despite a landmark 2015 deal.

The deal -- curbing Iran's nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief -- started to fall apart in 2018 when the US unilaterally withdrew from it and reimposed sanctions. Efforts to revive it have been fruitless so far.

Grossi said "implementing a number of voluntary additional monitoring and verification measures" as agreed in March was "going very slow".

"There is a lot more that needs to be done... We need to go faster," he told reporters after opening a regular meeting of the 35-member board of governors of the IAEA.

Earlier in his statement to the board, he said "some progress has been made, but not as much as I had hoped", adding that what had been done so far was "a fraction of what we envisaged".

In a report to the board, seen by AFP last week, the IAEA noted that Iran has significantly increased its stockpile of enriched uranium in recent months, continuing its nuclear escalation.

The agency, however, noted progress in its cooperation with Iran in a separate report saying it has decided to, for now, close the file on nuclear material at an undeclared site.

The issue of the material found at Marivan in Abedeh county has long exacerbated relations between the two parties.

Grossi said Iran's explanation -- that the particles could be from Soviet-era mining conducted there -- was "plausible, not impossible".

The IAEA previously assessed that "there have been a number of explosives experiments in the past", he reiterated.

When asked about criticism of Iran arch-foe Israel on closing the file, Grossi insisted his agency had not bowed to any pressures.

"We never, ever water down our standards, we stand by our standards," he said, describing the IAEA as "fair but firm".



NATO Summit Seeks to Keep Trump Happy -- and Alliance United

President Donald Trump meets with members of the Juventus soccer club in the Oval Office of the White House, Wednesday, June 18, 2025, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
President Donald Trump meets with members of the Juventus soccer club in the Oval Office of the White House, Wednesday, June 18, 2025, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
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NATO Summit Seeks to Keep Trump Happy -- and Alliance United

President Donald Trump meets with members of the Juventus soccer club in the Oval Office of the White House, Wednesday, June 18, 2025, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
President Donald Trump meets with members of the Juventus soccer club in the Oval Office of the White House, Wednesday, June 18, 2025, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)

NATO leaders will seek to lock in US President Donald Trump's commitment to their alliance with a summit pledge to boost defense spending, as they gather Tuesday in The Hague with global tensions soaring over Iran.

The overriding focus of the gathering -- which kicks off with dinner hosted by the Dutch king -- has been on keeping Trump happy after his return to power sparked fears he could blow a hole in the seven-decade-old alliance, said AFP.

From meeting his spending demand to limiting the participation of Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky, everything is being done to try to avoid the chances of a damaging confrontation with the volatile leader.

But despite the careful planning the meeting still risks being overshadowed by the fallout from Trump's decision to strike Iran's nuclear facilities.

Central to the effort to keep Trump on board -- given his threat not to protect lower-spending NATO allies -- will be a pledge to satisfy his insistence that members cough up five percent of their GDP on defense.

To give him a headline victory, NATO's 32 countries have thrashed out a compromise deal to dedicate 3.5 percent to core military needs by 2035, and 1.5 percent to broader security-related areas like cybersecurity and infrastructure.

"This is a quantum leap that is ambitious, historic and fundamental to securing our future," said NATO chief Mark Rutte, who warns the alliance must be ready to confront the threat of a Russian attack within five years.

- Deep divisions -

"We must navigate this era of radical uncertainty with agility, speed," British Prime Minister Keir Starmer said Monday in announcing the UK's commitment to meet NATO's spending target.

In a joint Financial Times op-ed on the summit's eve, French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz likewise argued that Europe must rearm "not because someone asks us to, but because we are clear-eyed and owe it to our citizens to do so".

In the run-up to the meeting, Spain had sparked fears of undermining the alliance's carefully choreographed unity by refusing to commit to the headline figure of five percent.

But Rutte stressed Spain had not been granted an "opt-out" from the pledge.

"The summit will be historic," US NATO ambassador Matthew Whitaker said.

"This summit is really about NATO's credibility and we are urging all of our allies to step up to the plate and pay their fair share for transatlantic security."

But while the promise of more spending looks like it could win Trump over, deep divisions remain over the approach to Europe's key security issue: Russia's war in Ukraine.

Since storming back to power Trump has upended the West's approach to the three-year conflict by turning his back on Kyiv and opening the door to closer ties with Moscow.

Zelensky downgraded

Zelensky, who had an infamous Oval Office bust-up with Trump, has been downgraded from the central role he played at recent NATO gatherings.

This time he is set to attend the king's dinner, meet EU leaders and attend an industry forum -- but he will not hold formal talks with the alliance's 32 leaders.

Rutte said the summit would still send the message that support for Kyiv was "unwavering and will persist".

The French and German leaders, in a message aimed at Trump, said they would jointly press for a ceasefire in Ukraine and ramped-up pressure on Russia "including through sanctions" while in The Hague.

But despite Rutte's insistence that Ukraine's bid for membership remains "irreversible", the alliance will avoid any mention of Kyiv's push to join after Trump ruled it out.

Allies have also had to push hard just to get Washington to name Moscow as a "threat" in a summit declaration set to be released when NATO leaders hold their main session on Wednesday.

The push to make sure the United States remains on the same page comes as Washington is weighing whether to pull forces from Europe as it focuses more on the threat from China.

The Pentagon is set to announce the results of a review of its global deployments later in the year -- but diplomats at NATO say they don't expect Trump to make any announcements in The Netherlands.