Protests in Iran Cast Shadow over Ashura Commemoration

Participants in an Ashura march, chanting words praising protesters in the city of Yazd, in the center of the country.
Participants in an Ashura march, chanting words praising protesters in the city of Yazd, in the center of the country.
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Protests in Iran Cast Shadow over Ashura Commemoration

Participants in an Ashura march, chanting words praising protesters in the city of Yazd, in the center of the country.
Participants in an Ashura march, chanting words praising protesters in the city of Yazd, in the center of the country.

This year’s commemoration of Ashura – one of the most important religious ceremonies in Iran – was overshadowed by social and political crises and the impact of the violent protests that have rocked the country since the death of Mahsa Amini in police custody in September 2022.

The protesters’ demands and slogans dominated the chants and speeches during the religious ceremonies that focus on recounting the Karbala battle at the beginning of the month of Muharram every year.

Preachers across the country raised the Iranian people’s living concerns, accusing the authorities of “indifference and neglect.”

In the city of Yazd, the third stronghold of the conservatives in the country after the cities of Qom and Mashhad, a controversial video spread on social media, of a group of young people during a religious demonstration for the Ashura ceremony, chanting a song that begins with the phrase: “Stop it, tyrant, for the blood (...) is boiling.”

Protest chants were heard in a number of conservative Iranian cities. In Isfahan’s Kashan, people repeated religious lamentations criticizing the current situation in the country. In the city of Dezful, in the southwest of the country, a vocalist stood among crowds of participants, reciting poems denouncing economic problems and the authorities’ preoccupation with confronting women because of the veil.

In other cities, videos circulated on social networks showing participants at Ashura ceremonies expressing anger at the officials’ neglect of people’s demands and problems, and the spread of corruption in state agencies, poverty and unemployment.

At the beginning of the Ashura ceremony, which lasted for ten days, a new religious chant spread, by Gholamali Kuwaitipur, a vocalist who was known to be close to the authorities, especially the Revolutionary Guards and influential religious circles, before gradually shifting away from the ranks of supporters of the regime.

The song sharply criticizes the policies of Iranian officials and seems to address the country’s spiritual leader, Ali Khamenei.

Meanwhile, former MP Gholam Ali Jafarzadeh Emenabadi, who represented the northern city of Rasht in the Iranian parliament, said that many mosques were avoiding inviting religious preachers for the Ashura commemoration this year.

“People, especially the young among them, were leaving mosques in protest against clerics giving speeches,” he remarked.

In parallel with the chants, pictures and video clips showed demonstrators raising photos of those who were killed in the recent protests across the country. Women were also seen participating in Ashura ceremonies without wearing a veil.



US Republicans Grill University Leaders in Latest House Antisemitism Hearing

The US Capitol building is lit at dusk (Reuters)
The US Capitol building is lit at dusk (Reuters)
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US Republicans Grill University Leaders in Latest House Antisemitism Hearing

The US Capitol building is lit at dusk (Reuters)
The US Capitol building is lit at dusk (Reuters)

The leaders of three US universities testified before a House of Representatives panel on Tuesday about what they have done to combat antisemitism on campus, saying they were committed to stamping out hatred while protecting academic freedom.

At Tuesday's three-hour hearing, Georgetown University interim President Robert Groves, City University of New York Chancellor Felix Matos Rodriguez, and University of California, Berkeley Chancellor Richard Lyons came under sharp fire from Republicans.

Many of them echoed President Donald Trump's recent attacks on universities, which he has described as "infested with radicalism," and questioned whether the presidents were doing enough to protect Jewish students and faculty.

"The genesis of this antisemitism, this hatred that we're seeing across our country, is coming from our universities," said Representative Burgess Owens, a Utah Republican.

It was the latest in a series of hearings about antisemitism on campus in which university leaders testified before the House Committee on Education and the Workforce, which is tasked with higher education oversight.

Democrats on the panel used the session to question the Trump administration's gutting of the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights, which probes incidents of antisemitism and other forms of discrimination. That has led to a backlog in investigations at a time when Republicans say universities are not doing enough to combat antisemitism.

The US Supreme Court on Monday cleared the way for the administration to resume dismantling the entire department, part of Trump's bid to shrink the federal role in education and give more control to the states.

Representative Mark Takano, a California Democrat, called the hearing a "kangaroo court."

"This scorched earth warfare against higher education will endanger academic freedom, innovative research and international cooperation for generations to come," Takano said, referring to the administration's efforts to cut off funding to some schools, including Harvard and Columbia, and impose other sanctions.

University leaders have come under fire from both pro-Israel and pro-Palestinian communities for their handling of protests that broke out after the 2023 attack on Israel by the Hamas group and conflict that emerged from it. On some campuses, clashes erupted between pro-Palestinian and pro-Israel demonstrators, spawning antisemitic and Islamophobic rhetoric and assaults in some cases.

During the hearing, the university leaders were repeatedly asked about their responses to antisemitic actions by faculty or affiliated scholars.

Representative Mary Miller, an Illinois Republican, asked Berkeley's Lyons about a February event in which speakers "repeatedly denied that Israeli women were gang-raped by Hamas terrorists on October 7, 2023, and argued that Israel was weaponizing feminism."

Lyons said the online event in question was organized by a faculty member but the comments that Miller cited did not come from the Berkeley faculty member. He said the school anticipated that some of the ideas discussed at the event would prove controversial.

"I did not prevent it from happening because I felt that keeping the marketplace for ideas open was really important in this instance," he said.

Previous hearings held by the panel have led to significant consequences for university presidents.

In December 2023, Representative Elise Stefanik, a New York Republican, raised her own political profile by grilling the presidents of Harvard, University of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

She asked them whether "calling for the genocide of Jews" would violate their schools' codes of conduct related to bullying and harassment. Each president declined to give a simple "yes" or "no" answer, noting that a wide range of hateful speech is protected under the US Constitution's First Amendment and under university policies.

Their testimony, which many viewed as insensitive and detached, triggered an outcry. More than 70 US lawmakers later signed a letter demanding that the governing boards of the three universities remove the presidents. Soon afterwards, Harvard's Claudine Gay and Penn's Liz Magill resigned.

Columbia President Minouche Shafik resigned in August, following her April testimony before the committee.