S.Sudan Deploys First Unified Forces After Peace Deal

President Salva Kiir of South Sudan. (Reuters)
President Salva Kiir of South Sudan. (Reuters)
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S.Sudan Deploys First Unified Forces After Peace Deal

President Salva Kiir of South Sudan. (Reuters)
President Salva Kiir of South Sudan. (Reuters)

Hundreds of former rebels and government troops in South Sudan's unified forces were deployed at a long-overdue ceremony on Wednesday, marking progress for the country's lumbering peace process.

The world's newest nation has struggled to find its footing since gaining independence from Sudan in 2011, battling violence, endemic poverty and natural disasters.

The unification of forces loyal to President Salva Kiir and his rival, Vice President Riek Machar, was a key condition of the 2018 peace deal that ended a five-year conflict in which nearly 400,000 people died, according to AFP.

Tens of thousands of former fighters were integrated into the country's army in August last year but none have been deployed until now, with the delays fuelling frustration in the international community.

The first battalion comprising nearly 1,000 soldiers will be deployed to Malakal in northern Upper Nile State, which has received huge numbers of South Sudanese refugees fleeing the conflict in neighbouring Sudan.

At the ceremony on the outskirts of the capital Juba, Santino Wol, the country's chief of defence forces, urged the battalion to remain united, saying: "Be a soldier and don't get involved in politics."

The unity government led by Kiir and Machar has largely failed to meet key provisions of the peace agreement, including drafting a constitution and electoral legislation ahead of polls now set for next year.

Kiir has vowed to hold the country's first ever presidential ballot by December 2024, but UN envoy Nicholas Haysom warned in August that the authorities needed to create a conducive environment to ensure "peaceful, inclusive and credible elections".

"We are going for elections and you are to make sure that peace prevails so that elections can proceed peacefully," Information Minister Michael Makuei told the soldiers on Wednesday.

One of the poorest countries on the planet despite large oil reserves, South Sudan has spent almost half of its life as a nation at war and continues to be roiled by outbreaks of politically motivated ethnic violence.



Blue-Collar Pennsylvania Voters Could Be ‘Deciding Factor’ in US Election

 Judge of Elections for Westmont Borough No. 1 polling place Jovel Segear oversees technical difficulties with the ballot acceptance process on Election Day at the Westmont Grove in Johnstown, Pa., Cambria County, on Tuesday, Nov. 5, 2024. (Thomas Slusser/The Tribune-Democrat via AP)
Judge of Elections for Westmont Borough No. 1 polling place Jovel Segear oversees technical difficulties with the ballot acceptance process on Election Day at the Westmont Grove in Johnstown, Pa., Cambria County, on Tuesday, Nov. 5, 2024. (Thomas Slusser/The Tribune-Democrat via AP)
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Blue-Collar Pennsylvania Voters Could Be ‘Deciding Factor’ in US Election

 Judge of Elections for Westmont Borough No. 1 polling place Jovel Segear oversees technical difficulties with the ballot acceptance process on Election Day at the Westmont Grove in Johnstown, Pa., Cambria County, on Tuesday, Nov. 5, 2024. (Thomas Slusser/The Tribune-Democrat via AP)
Judge of Elections for Westmont Borough No. 1 polling place Jovel Segear oversees technical difficulties with the ballot acceptance process on Election Day at the Westmont Grove in Johnstown, Pa., Cambria County, on Tuesday, Nov. 5, 2024. (Thomas Slusser/The Tribune-Democrat via AP)

Protecting and creating new jobs were among the most pressing issues for voters lining up to cast their ballots Tuesday in Erie, a competitive blue-collar Pennsylvania county with a formidable reputation for picking US election winners.

Mason Ken Thompson, 66, voted at Edison Elementary School in Erie, the main city in the Pennsylvania county of the same name whose 270,000 people -- voting in a tightly-contested swing state -- will have an outsized role in whether Kamala Harris or Donald Trump wins the White House.

"Manufacturing jobs have gone away from Erie. It's a big problem, and Trump hasn't helped that situation at all," said Thompson, who wore a camouflage baseball cap adorned with the US flag.

"I believe that Kamala is going to help the young people with housing," he added as a DJ played a roster of all-American hits while voters streamed into the school-turned-polling station.

Nearby, the Country Fair gas station handed free donuts to voters.

Erie is one of a handful of counties to have boomeranged between Democrat and Republican, voting for former president Barack Obama twice, then narrowly for Trump, before scraping out a Democratic win for President Joe Biden in 2020.

The path to victory for both former president Trump and Vice President Harris likely runs through Pennsylvania, and largely white- and working-class Erie in the state's northwestern corner encapsulates many of its top issues.

Pennsylvania has 19 electoral college votes, more than any of the other swing states which could go for either Harris or Trump, with polls showing them locked in a dead heat.

"I don't know how we became so important around here... we are like a deciding factor," said Marchelle Beason, 46, who also cast her vote at Edison Elementary.

Proudly sporting her "I voted" sticker, she said "way, way more people" were casting their ballot than in 2020.

- 'America comes first' -

As with many swing counties in the Keystone State, Erie was once a thriving industrial hub that has been hit by outsourcing and automation.

It is now increasingly reliant on the service sector, but is still home to many blue collar jobs.

"A lot of the young people are moving out and something to keep them in Erie is what we really need," voter Chris Quest, 69, told AFP on Monday after casting her early ballot.

Darlene Taylor, 56, said she wanted to "close the border" to protect US jobs.

"We don't need another four more years of high inflation, gas prices, (and) lying," said Taylor, who wore a homemade Trump T-shirt after also casting her vote at Edison Elementary.

"America comes first, and Harris is not going to support that."

In 2019, General Electric's rail vehicle building operations shut up shop in Erie, leaving a void in the city where generations of workers had punched in and out for the sprawling US "toasters to TV shows" conglomerate.

Wabtec, formed from the storied Westinghouse corporation, stepped in to continue making trains in the city -- but with far fewer employees than GE.

Pennsylvania Senator Bob Casey recently announced $48 million for the Wabtec factory to develop hydrogen batteries for rail.

The timing was no accident.

Casey is locked in a bitter contest for reelection with Republican Dave McCormick, a race which could decide which party has control of the US Senate.

Wabtec worker Henry Miller said he wanted politicians who would "start helping people in our own city."

"I like Donald Trump to a point, but then again, he wouldn't even leave when they try to put him out," he added before climbing into his black pick-up truck, referring to Trump's refusal to accept his 2020 election loss.

Some voters have complained that postal ballots have not arrived, with election officials saying they will have to vote in person, blaming a supplier issue.

David Radcliff, 72, said the fiasco had not dented his confidence in the election's integrity.

"But I will never do mail-in ballots again," he said.