Cairo Peace Summit Ends without a Joint Statement, Unveiling Differences on Gaza War

Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)
Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)
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Cairo Peace Summit Ends without a Joint Statement, Unveiling Differences on Gaza War

Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)
Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)

The Cairo Peace Summit was overshadowed by forced displacement and warnings against the expansion of the Israel-Hamas conflict in the Gaza Strip, amid fears that it could lead to a regional war.

Speeches at the summit revealed disparities in positions toward the war on Gaza, and the meeting ended with leaders and officials not agreeing on a joint statement.

The Arab leaders focused on rejecting the displacement of the Palestinians and urging for an immediate cessation of the war, while the European officials called for opening a safe corridor to ensure aid delivery.

The Egyptian Presidency stated that it would spare no effort in continuing to work with all partners to achieve the goals that called for holding this summit, regardless of the difficulties or the duration of the conflict.

Egypt will always maintain its firm position in support of Palestinian rights, believing in peace as a strategic and irreversible option until the vision of a two-state solution, Palestinians and Israelis, living side by side, is realized.

By calling for this summit, the Egyptian Presidency sought to build an international consensus that transcends cultures, races, religions, and political stances, prioritizing the flow of humanitarian and relief aid and delivering it to the proper beneficiaries from the people of the Gaza Strip.

Egypt looked forward to the participants to launch a global call for peace.

"The international scene over the past decades has revealed a serious deficiency in finding a just and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue because it sought to manage the conflict and not end it permanently."

The statement noted: "While we see one place rushing and competing to condemn the killing of innocent people promptly, we find incomprehensible hesitation in denouncing the same act in another place. We even see attempts to justify this killing, as if the life of the Palestinian human being is less important than that of other people."

Leaders, heads of government, and envoys from regional and international countries participated in the summit, seeking to advance efforts to contain the crisis in the Gaza Strip.

During his speech at the opening session, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi called on the summit participants to agree on a roadmap to end the current humanitarian tragedy and revive the path of peace.

Sisi explained that the roadmap begins with ensuring the full, safe, unfettered, and sustainable flow of humanitarian aid and relief to the people of Gaza, followed instantaneously by negotiations on achieving calm and a ceasefire.

Then, he indicated that it should be followed by talks on reviving the peace process, which shall start to put into effect the two-state solution and establish an independent Palestinian State based on the resolutions of international legitimacy.

Sisi renewed his country's condemnation of "in the clearest terms, the targeting, killing, and intimidation of peaceful civilians."

He expressed at the same time Cairo's "deep shock that the world is standing by idly while the catastrophic humanitarian crisis unfolds. Two and a half million Palestinians in the Gaza Strip are being punished collectively."

Since the beginning of the Israeli attack on Gaza, Tel Aviv has tightened the siege on the Strip, cutting off its water, electricity, and fuel supplies.

On Saturday, the first aid convoy crossed the Rafah border to Gaza, including 20 trucks loaded with medicines and food supplies. The crossing was closed again, and other trucks awaited permission to enter.

- Rejecting displacement

The Egyptian President reaffirmed his country's "vehement rejection of the forced displacement of the Palestinians and their transfer to Egyptian lands in Sinai," saying it would mark the last gasp in the "liquidation of the Palestinian cause, and shatter the dream of an independent Palestinian state."

He asserted that the Palestinian people do not want to leave their land, even under occupation or bombardment.

"I want to state it clearly and unequivocally to the world and articulate in sincere terms the will of all the Egyptian people, every single Egyptian: that the liquidation of the Palestinian cause without a just solution is beyond the realm of possibility, and in all cases it will never happen at the expense of Egypt, absolutely not," stressed Sisi.

Since the war on Gaza, former Israeli officials and Western politicians have circulated a proposal to displace Gazans to Sinai, which Cairo has repeatedly rejected.

Jordan's King Abdullah said in his opening speech that it is a "war crime" to force Palestinians to leave or internally displace them.

The monarch asserted that Jordan would work to stop this humanitarian disaster, pushing the entire region into the abyss.

The Israeli leadership must realize that there is no military solution to its security concerns, said the King, adding that it cannot continue to sideline the five million Palestinians living under its occupation with their legitimate rights denied.

He asserted: "Palestinians' lives are no less valuable than Israeli lives."

For his part, Bahraini King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa affirmed in his speech that there would be no stability in the Middle East without securing the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people.

He reiterated his country's categorical rejection of displacing the people of Gaza from their land and the land of their ancestors.

Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan affirmed the Kingdom's rejection of attempts to forcibly displace Palestinians. He denounced all forms of targeting of civilians, calling on the international community to force Israel to respect international laws.

The Kuwaiti Crown Prince, Sheikh Meshaal Ahmad Al-Sabah, rejected the forced displacement of the Palestinian people, warning of dangerous repercussions for the region and the world.

In his speech, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas called for Israel to stop "its barbaric aggression" in Gaza and warned against attempts to push Palestinians out of the coastal territory.

"We will not leave, we will not leave, we will not leave, and we will remain in our land," he told the summit.

Abbas called on the UN Security Council to fulfill its responsibility to protect the Palestinian people and warned against any expulsions of Palestinians or their displacement from Jerusalem or the West Bank.

In Beirut, a group of Arab and Lebanese figures addressed a message to the Cairo Peace Summit, asking it to take a unified position rejecting the Israeli aggression and ensuring Tel Aviv's commitment and implementation of the relevant international resolutions.

They also called the summit to ensure the immediate provision of food and medical aid to Gaza, ending Israel's inhumane siege, and establishing an Arab and international fund to reconstruct Gaza and the destroyed areas.

More than 50 Arab and Lebanese personalities signed the letter, including former Lebanese Presidents Michel Sleiman and Amin Gemayel, former Prime Minister Fouad Siniora, and former Progressive Socialist Party Chief Walid Jumblatt.

The prominent Arab signatories included Iyad Allawi, Taher al-Masry, Ali Abu al-Ragheb, al-Akhdar al-Ibrahimi, Amr Moussa, Nabil Fahmy, Mohammad al-Saqr, and Ali Nasser Mohamad.



Lebanese Army Chief Faces Labeling Dispute During Washington Visit

Lebanese Army Commander General Rodolphe Haykal during his visit to Washington (Lebanese Army Command)
Lebanese Army Commander General Rodolphe Haykal during his visit to Washington (Lebanese Army Command)
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Lebanese Army Chief Faces Labeling Dispute During Washington Visit

Lebanese Army Commander General Rodolphe Haykal during his visit to Washington (Lebanese Army Command)
Lebanese Army Commander General Rodolphe Haykal during his visit to Washington (Lebanese Army Command)

What was meant to be a routine visit by Lebanese Army Commander General Rodolphe Haykal to Washington to discuss military support and aid coordination turned into a political flashpoint, after a brief meeting with US Senator Lindsey Graham ignited a dispute over whether the army chief would describe Hezbollah as a “terrorist organization.”

The controversy was sparked by a brief meeting with hardline Republican Senator Lindsey Graham, who publicly said he cut the meeting short after Haykal declined to use the designation in what he called the “context of Lebanon.”

What happened in the Graham meeting

In a post on X, Graham said: “I just had a very brief meeting with the Lebanese Chief of Defense General Rodolphe Haykal. I asked him point blank if he believes Hezbollah is a terrorist organization. He said, “No, not in the context of Lebanon.” With that, I ended the meeting.”

“They are clearly a terrorist organization. Hezbollah has American blood on its hands. Just ask the US Marines,” he added.

“They have been designated as a foreign terrorist organization by both Republican and Democrat administrations since 1997 – for good reason.”

“As long as this attitude exists from the Lebanese Armed Forces, I don’t think we have a reliable partner in them.”

“I am tired of the double speak in the Middle East. Too much is at stake,” Graham concluded.

The reaction went beyond expressions of displeasure. Some US coverage suggested Graham effectively raised questions about the “usefulness” of continuing support for the Lebanese army if such a gap persists between the US position and Lebanon’s official language.

Haykal’s answer raises its cost in Washington

Inside Lebanon, the issue is not limited to the stance on Hezbollah. Still, it extends to the army’s role as a unifying institution in a country whose political balance rests on sectarian arrangements and deep sensitivities.

Adopting an external designation, even a US one, in official language by the head of the military could be interpreted domestically as a move that risks triggering political and sectarian division or drawing the army into confrontation with a component that has organized political and popular representation.

That explains why Lebanese voices, including some critics of Hezbollah, defended the logic that “the state does not adopt this classification.” Therefore, the army commander cannot formally do so.

In other words, Haykal sought to avoid two conflicting languages: Washington’s legal and political framing of Hezbollah, and the Lebanese state’s language, which walks a fine line between the demand for exclusive state control over arms and the avoidance of reproducing internal fractures.

US State Department position

Amid the controversy surrounding the Graham meeting, an official US position emerged on Tuesday through the US Embassy in Beirut, welcoming the visit and focusing on the core US message.

The statement said that “the Lebanese Armed Forces’ ongoing work to disarm non-state actors and reinforce national sovereignty as Lebanon’s security guarantor is more important than ever.”

The wording was notable because it separated two levels: continued US reliance on the army as a state institution, and, in practice, linking that reliance to the issue of disarming non-state actors.

The phrase avoids direct naming but, in the Lebanese context, is widely understood to refer primarily to Hezbollah.

The visit’s broader track

Despite the political awkwardness, Haykal’s visit was not reduced to a single meeting. He held senior-level military talks, including meetings with US Central Command chief Admiral Brad Cooper and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Dan Caine.

According to a statement from a Joint Chiefs spokesperson, the meeting “reaffirmed the importance of enduring US defense relationships in the Middle East.”

The visit coincided with broader discussions in Washington on support for the Lebanese army and plans to extend state authority, as international reports spoke of Lebanon entering new phases of a plan to dismantle illegal weapons structures in the south and north.

The army commander’s visit had initially been delayed for reasons that add another layer to understanding Washington’s sensitivity to the military’s language.

In November 2025, sources quoted the US State Department as saying Washington canceled scheduled meetings with the Lebanese army commander after objecting to an army statement on border tensions with Israel, prompting the visit to be postponed to avoid a pre-emptive political failure.


Egypt Steps Up Efforts to Support Gaza Administration Committee After Entry Stalled

Displaced Palestinians inspect the damage after Israeli aircraft targeted a five floor house last night, in Khan Younis southern Gaza Strip on February 6, 2026. (AFP)
Displaced Palestinians inspect the damage after Israeli aircraft targeted a five floor house last night, in Khan Younis southern Gaza Strip on February 6, 2026. (AFP)
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Egypt Steps Up Efforts to Support Gaza Administration Committee After Entry Stalled

Displaced Palestinians inspect the damage after Israeli aircraft targeted a five floor house last night, in Khan Younis southern Gaza Strip on February 6, 2026. (AFP)
Displaced Palestinians inspect the damage after Israeli aircraft targeted a five floor house last night, in Khan Younis southern Gaza Strip on February 6, 2026. (AFP)

Egypt is intensifying efforts to back the National Committee for the Administration of Gaza, hoping it can begin operating inside the enclave to implement commitments under the second phase of the ceasefire agreement, which started about two weeks ago but has yet to take shape on the ground.

Experts told Asharq Al-Awsat that those Egyptian efforts, through phone calls and meetings with international partners, are focused on two main objectives: pushing for the deployment of police forces and an international stabilization force on the one hand, and securing a gradual Israeli withdrawal on the other, increasing pressure on Israel to move the agreement forward.

A member of the administration committee said in a brief phone statement to Asharq Al-Awsat, speaking on condition of anonymity, that there is still no specific date for entering the enclave.

In the Slovenian capital, Ljubljana, Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty stressed Cairo’s full support for the work of the committee headed by Dr. Ali Shaath.

He made the remarks during a dialogue session of the Arab-Islamic committee on Gaza with Slovenian Foreign Minister Tanja Fajon.

The foreign ministers of Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Bahrain attended the meeting. Abdelatty stressed the importance of the committee’s role in managing the daily affairs of Gaza’s residents and meeting their basic needs during the transitional phase.

He underscored the need to ensure the continued flow of humanitarian and relief aid into the enclave, as well as the formation and deployment of an international stabilization force to monitor the ceasefire.

Abdelatty reiterated his stance during a phone call on Friday with British Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper.

The Gaza committee, established under the ceasefire agreement, operates under the supervision of the Board of Peace, chaired by US President Donald Trump. The committee has been holding meetings in Cairo since it was announced last month and has yet to enter Gaza.

Ahmed Fouad Anwar, a member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs and an academic specializing in Israeli affairs, said Egypt is making significant efforts to facilitate the committee’s mission as quickly as possible and enable it to operate.

He said this would limit Israeli obstacles, increase pressure on Israel, and place it under the obligations set out in the plan, particularly withdrawal from Gaza. This would counter intense pressure from Tel Aviv to accelerate the disarmament of Hamas without implementing its Gaza agreement commitments.

Palestinian political analyst Abdel Mahdi Motawea said Israel objected not only to the committee’s work but even to its emblem.

He noted, however, that Israel is not the only party hindering the committee. Hamas and other factions want to impose conditions on the committee’s work.

He warned of serious concerns that the committee could be marginalized, stressing that Egypt’s extensive efforts to support it are crucial at this critical stage of the Gaza agreement.

Hamas announced days ago that it was ready to hand over management of the enclave to the committee, while Israel continues to obstruct it.

Anwar expects the committee to begin operating in the enclave soon if Egypt’s efforts and those of international partners succeed and Washington responds positively.

He warned that the committee's failure would threaten the ceasefire agreement.


Gaza Deal Mediators Have Few Options on Hamas Disarmament

Hamas fighters in Gaza City. (AFP)
Hamas fighters in Gaza City. (AFP)
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Gaza Deal Mediators Have Few Options on Hamas Disarmament

Hamas fighters in Gaza City. (AFP)
Hamas fighters in Gaza City. (AFP)

Israel’s demand for the disarmament of Hamas has become the top priority since the second phase of the Gaza agreement began 10 days ago.

It exposed deep uncertainty over how such a step could be enforced amid firm resistance from the movement, which says it will not relinquish its weapons unless progress is made toward establishing a Palestinian state.

Analysts speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat said the issue has left mediators with minimal options, ranging from complete disarmament to freezing weapons, either by persuading Hamas or applying pressure.

The demand has become a political pressure tool that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and others in Israel are likely to use increasingly in the run-up to elections, they added.

Israeli opposition figure Benny Gantz, who is preparing for elections, called on Thursday in a post on X for the “disarmament of Hamas.”

Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz said on Wednesday that Israel will dismantle Hamas if it does not agree to lay down its arms.

Netanyahu, following a meeting on Tuesday with US envoy Steve Witkoff, said he was insisting on the non-negotiable demand to disarm Hamas before any step toward rebuilding Gaza.

Military and strategic analyst Brig. Gen. Samir Ragheb said mediators have few options other than reaching understandings or exerting pressure, noting that the demand to disarm Hamas has been echoed by Israel, Washington, the EU, and donors, and has become an obstacle to ending the war and launching reconstruction.

He said Netanyahu and others would use the issue electorally and as a pretext to collapse the agreement at any time, adding that the second phase is filled with “landmines,” particularly those related to the Israeli withdrawal, which Netanyahu does not want to address.

Strategic and military expert Maj. Gen. Samir Farag said available options are now limited, suggesting that freezing weapons may be more likely than complete disarmament, mainly since Hamas’ arsenal does not consist of missiles or drones and could be handed over.

He said there is US and Israeli insistence on implementing the weapons clause, but that it must coincide with an Israeli withdrawal and guarantees to prevent a new war.

By contrast, sources in Hamas told Reuters on Wednesday that the group had agreed to discuss disarmament with other Palestinian factions, but that neither Washington nor regional mediators had presented it with any detailed or concrete proposal on disarmament.

Israel’s Channel 13 reported in late January that the US was preparing a document granting Hamas several weeks to hand over its weapons to multinational forces within a set timeframe. Failure to comply would give Israel the green light to “act as it sees fit,” the channel said.

Farag stressed that Hamas’ room for maneuver is extremely limited and that it must quickly reach understandings with mediators, particularly Egypt, Qatar, and Türkiye, to resolve what he described as the most significant obstacle currently being created by Israel.

Ragheb said Hamas has no option but to implement US President Donald Trump’s Gaza plan and the disarmament clause, warning against delaying or circumventing it, as “every day lost poses a threat to the ceasefire agreement.”

He added that police forces in the enclave would be deployed within days or weeks, along with a possible stabilization force, leaving little space for further maneuvering.