Jordan Offers Investment Opportunities for Oil Shale Exploration

Spherical tanks are seen at the Jordan Petroleum Refinery in the city of Zarqa. (Reuters)
Spherical tanks are seen at the Jordan Petroleum Refinery in the city of Zarqa. (Reuters)
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Jordan Offers Investment Opportunities for Oil Shale Exploration

Spherical tanks are seen at the Jordan Petroleum Refinery in the city of Zarqa. (Reuters)
Spherical tanks are seen at the Jordan Petroleum Refinery in the city of Zarqa. (Reuters)

Jordan’s Ministry of Investment announced new investment prospects through the online platform to explore and extract oil shale.

According to the platform, there are more than 18 known oil shale sites in Jordan, including al-Lajjun, al-Sultani, Jurf al-Darawish, al-Attar, Umm al-Ghadran, Wadi Maghar, Suwaqa, Khan al-Zubaib, and al-Thamd.

The investor must develop and invest in infrastructure assets and create new construction opportunities, long-term returns for shareholders, and concession rights.

The data showed that most of the leading oil shale places of proven commercial importance are in central and southern Jordan and can be easily reached via the desert road between Amman and Aqaba.

Oil shale is also found in the areas of Wadi al-Adhiyah, Wadi al-Nadhiyah, Asfir al-Mahatta, the Ghazimah Mountains, Wadi Abu al-Hamam, and most of these areas are close to the infrastructure services necessary for investment.

The data indicated that oil shale is defined as a sedimentary rock in which the organic content (kerogen) is insoluble in organic solvents but instead forms oil-like liquid hydrocarbons when subjected to thermal decomposition at temperatures of up to 500 – 600°C.

Jordan has a sizeable domestic resource of oil shale spread across 60 percent of the Kingdom’s total area, making it the fourth-largest oil shale reserve worldwide.

According to the data provided by the platform, oil shale is a safe and long-term solution to Jordan’s significant energy needs.

Many studies and surveys conducted on the use of oil shale in several locations in Jordan confirmed that the material can be exploited through three paths: heating the deep oil shale to produce oil, distilling the oil shale through surface mining, and direct combustion of oil shale to generate electricity.



Will Escalation Stop Israeli Gas Production?

File photo of the Israeli Leviathan field (Reuters)
File photo of the Israeli Leviathan field (Reuters)
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Will Escalation Stop Israeli Gas Production?

File photo of the Israeli Leviathan field (Reuters)
File photo of the Israeli Leviathan field (Reuters)

The American energy giant Chevron, which operates the Leviathan field off the Mediterranean coast of Israel, has decided to suspend work on laying an underwater pipeline, part of its third pipeline project, due to the escalating conflict and fears of potential missile strikes. This follows the earlier closure of the Tamar and Leviathan gas platforms as a “precautionary measure” during the Iranian attack on Israel on Oct. 1.

These developments came as the Israeli newspaper Yedioth Ahronoth reported that the Leviathan field, located 130 kilometers off the coast of Haifa, was the target of a missile barrage fired by Hezbollah on Wednesday morning at Mount Carmel and Haifa. Chevron subsequently activated “special procedures,” stating that it was dealing with an operational incident on the drilling platform.

During last week’s Iranian missile attack, Yedioth Ahronoth noted that NewMed Energy, a partner in the Leviathan and Tamar gas fields (the latter located about 19 kilometers off the Gaza Strip coast), informed the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange of Chevron’s decision to temporarily shut down the Leviathan field for several hours.

“In light of the latest security developments and based on the system’s operational considerations, the operator occasionally halts production from the Leviathan reservoir for certain periods,” NewMed Energy, which holds a 45.3% stake in Leviathan, stated to the stock exchange.

Chevron holds a 39.6% stake in Leviathan, while Ratio Energies owns 15% of the project. Chevron also has a 15% stake in Tamar.

Leviathan’s partners approved a $429 million investment on Aug. 1 to launch the preliminary engineering design phase to increase Leviathan’s gas export capacity from the Mediterranean Sea field to 21 billion cubic meters annually.

NewMed Energy stated that Chevron had informed the partners that plans for laying the underwater pipeline have been postponed until Apr. 2025—initially scheduled to begin in the second half of 2025—due to the deteriorating security situation. The delay is expected to be at least six months, affecting next year’s projected cash flow.

Currently, gas from the platform is transported to the shore and integrated into Israel’s national grid, where it is distributed to Israel, Egypt, and Jordan.

The Leviathan field was discovered in 2010 by NewMed Energy, Chevron (then known as Noble Energy), and Ratio. Natural gas production from Leviathan began on December 31, 2019, and since then, it has become a key source of gas for Israel, Egypt, and Jordan.

The third pipeline project was initiated by the Leviathan partners in July 2023, aimed at boosting Leviathan’s annual production capacity from 12 billion cubic meters to around 21 billion cubic meters. This increase is intended to meet growing local demand and export to neighboring countries and international markets, according to NewMed Energy.

Israel continues to export gas through pipelines from Leviathan and Tamar to Jordan and Egypt. Israeli exports to Egypt rose from 4.9 billion cubic meters in 2022 to 6.3 billion cubic meters in 2023, while sales to Jordan remained steady year-on-year at 2.7 billion cubic meters. In the second quarter of this year, Leviathan’s total gas production reached 2.8 billion cubic meters, with exports to Egypt rising by 12.5% to 1.8 billion cubic meters during the same period, while 0.6 billion cubic meters flowed to Jordan, according to Energy Intelligence.

Goldman Sachs estimates that the potential global market impact of disruptions at Leviathan and Tamar could reduce global liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply by nearly 9 billion cubic meters annually, or 1.7% of global LNG supplies, according to a report by Energy Intelligence.