Saudi Vision 2030: Historic Economic Transformation through Diversity, Growth  

Vision 2030 was launched on April 25, 2016. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Vision 2030 was launched on April 25, 2016. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Vision 2030: Historic Economic Transformation through Diversity, Growth  

Vision 2030 was launched on April 25, 2016. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Vision 2030 was launched on April 25, 2016. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz stressed that Saudi Arabia is making major and lasting progress with its Vision 2030 national transformation plan.

The assertion, also echoed by Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, was made in remarks included in the 2023 annual report for Vision 2030, which highlighted the successful implementation of the vision’s programs.

Vision 2030’s key objectives include developing promising and emerging sectors, bolstering local content, facilitating business environments, empowering citizens, engaging the private sector, and enhancing overall execution efficiency.

Since the launch of Vision 2030 on April 25, 2016, under the directive of King Salman and Crown Prince Mohammed, Saudi Arabia has undergone an unprecedented historic transformation.

This transformation is characterized by remarkable development that supports Vision 2030’s goal of creating a prosperous and promising future through economic growth and improved quality of life.

In the report, Crown Prince Mohammed expressed anticipation for achieving more significant developmental milestones across various fronts, particularly those attained in the past year and previous decades, underscoring the importance of preserving these gains for both the current and future generations.

Historic transformation

Saudi Arabia is going through a big change, with strong economic growth and more connections to the world, according to the report. It is also empowering its citizens and putting protecting the environment first. This makes it a land full of opportunities for everyone to shape a successful future.

Halfway into its journey, Vision 2030 has already met many of its goals faster than expected, the report showed. Now, it is aiming even higher to have a bigger impact.

By the numbers, 87% of Vision 2030 initiatives are done or on track, and 81% of key performance indicators for programs have hit their yearly targets.

In 2023, the non-oil sector made up 50% of the country’s total economy, reaching a record high.

Lasting impact

Vision 2030 is all about creating a lasting impact, bringing more progress and benefits to the Kingdom while opening up bigger opportunities for its people.

The Kingdom’s economic makeover, driven by Vision 2030, is a success story fueled by ambitious goals for a diverse and thriving economy.

This involves big changes in economic policies and substantial investments in key sectors like manufacturing, technology, tourism, renewable energy, mining, and logistics.

Moreover, Vision 2030 puts a strong focus on encouraging entrepreneurship and innovation, building necessary infrastructure, and providing support and funding for startups and innovative companies. The goal is to boost their competitiveness and ability to grow, both nationally and globally.

Vision 2030 progress

The first leg of Vision 2030’s journey saw a lot of economic and structural reforms that set the stage for a successful national transformation, with real-world impacts. Now, as it enters the second phase, growth and opportunities are spreading across many promising sectors.

The private sector is stepping up to help achieve development goals in a more appealing environment, aiming for economic diversity and sustainable social impact in the next phase.

The achievements since the launch of Vision 2030 have boosted the non-oil sector, leading to growth. In 2023, non-oil activities made up half of the total GDP, and unemployment among Saudis stayed close to the 2030 targets. Saudi Arabia has also made progress in various international indicators.

Thriving economy

Saudi Arabia has set up four special economic zones to attract quality investments. The small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sector is booming like never before. The industrial sector is also making strides by localizing car manufacturing and establishing the Kingdom’s first electric car factory.

Saudi Arabia is tapping into its vast natural and cultural wealth, revealing mineral resources worth $2.4 trillion last year alone.

The Kingdom is committed to building a green economy to preserve the environment and ensure sustainability, creating a vibrant society. Efforts are also underway to empower the non-profit sector, provide housing solutions for families, and enhance citizens’ skills for global competition.

Looking ahead

Since its launch, Vision 2030 has been committed to sustainable development and planning for the future, aiming to bring prosperity to all citizens.

The 2023 annual report highlights a prosperous year for Saudi Arabia, built on strong foundations for success, including national capabilities, diverse resources, and unlimited investments.

The government’s deep belief in the Kingdom’s potential has driven comprehensive development across various sectors.

Vision 2030 has led to rapid transformations in key and emerging sectors, such as entertainment, sports, tourism, culture, and digital services, alongside social empowerment initiatives.

Some sectors, like mining and renewable energy, require longer reform periods but are making progress through substantial investments.

Efforts to empower the private sector and attract foreign investment involve policy reforms influenced by global factors and challenges.

Today, Saudi Arabia’s economy is diverse and strong, driven by rapidly growing vital sectors, which have led to job creation and exceeded some targets ahead of schedule, making the kingdom a land of opportunity.

Vision 2030 has also boosted Saudi Arabia’s regional and international standing through cooperation for security and stability, vital for economic growth. This ensures the Kingdom’s continued journey towards progress and prosperity.

Stable foundation

The report also highlights Saudi Arabia’s strong economic performance, with non-oil GDP reaching its highest level in 2023, contributing 50% to the real GDP and growing by 4.7% compared to the previous year.

Non-oil government revenues increased significantly to SAR 457 billion ($121.8 billion) in 2023, covering 35% of the total budget expenditure.

Unemployment among Saudis dropped to 7.7% in 2023 from 8.0% in 2022, while inflation decreased to 1.6% from 3.1% in 2022.

The government’s efficiency index also rose to 70.8 points in 2022, surpassing the target of 60.7 points.

Public Investment Fund

Additionally, the report showed a big jump in the assets managed by the Public Investment Fund (PIF), hitting $749 billion in 2023, up from $557 billion in 2016, surpassing the $720 billion target.

The PIF drives economic diversification, investing in sectors like tourism, entertainment, financial tech, and sports.

It has become a global leader in spotting economic opportunities, creating 93 companies compared to 71 last year and generating around 644,000 job opportunities, up from 500,000 in 2022.

Thriving society

The report showed that life expectancy rose to 78.10 years in 2023, surpassing the target of 77.06 years.

Saudi Arabia also saw a record number of external pilgrims, reaching 13.56 million in 2023, up from 7.36 million in 2016, exceeding the target of 10 million.

Furthermore, the percentage of Saudi households owning homes increased to 63.74% in 2023, surpassing the target of 63%.

Remarkable progress

The report showed that halfway through Vision 2030, there has been significant progress towards its goals. Some indicators have even surpassed their targets, prompting a review of ambitions.

For instance, Saudi unemployment rates and female workforce participation have exceeded expectations, signaling a shift to higher aspirations for 2030.

The report also noted a maturing strategic approach in the second phase of Vision 2030, with improved measurement methods. Collaboration with international bodies ensures the adoption of best practices for monitoring progress.

Leading the charge

Saudi Arabia’s statistical sector has made significant strides, jumping 25 places in the World Bank’s National Statistical System Performance Index. This demonstrates the Kingdom’s commitment to providing high-quality statistical data.

Expo 2030 in Riyadh

Winning the bid to host Expo 2030 in Riyadh is a testament to Saudi Arabia’s global influence and active role in shaping the future. The expo will showcase innovations and technologies aligned with sustainable solutions, reflecting the goals of Vision 2030.

The report also highlighted that 2030 will mark an era of unprecedented global engagement.

2026 FIFA World Cup bid

Saudi Arabia has submitted its bid to host the 2034 FIFA World Cup, garnering significant support from football federations worldwide.

The bid marks a pivotal moment in the tournament’s history, as the Kingdom aims to share with the world the story of its ambitious sporting transformation in recent years.

From investing in human potential by empowering youth and unleashing their capabilities to ambitious projects that boost football and infrastructure, Saudi Arabia has embarked on a journey of comprehensive economic and social development.

The nation is committed to developing state-of-the-art sports, tourism, and public facilities on a global scale, driving economic and social growth.

Exceptional tourism achievements

The report highlighted Saudi Arabia’s rich and diverse culture, showcasing its history and stories of civilizations that have thrived on its land. Coupled with its geographical advantage, strategically linking Asia, Europe, and Africa, Saudi Arabia has become a global destination.

Efforts and initiatives under Vision 2030 have capitalized on this competitive advantage, opening doors to both local and international tourists and resulting in an unprecedented boom in the tourism sector.

China has recognized Saudi Arabia as a key tourist destination, with 112 million passengers passing through the Kingdom’s airports, marking a 27% increase from 2022.

Among them, 106 million were visitors, including 27.4 million international tourists, cementing Saudi Arabia’s position as a premier destination on the global tourism map.



Algeria Begins Exporting First Jet Fuel Shipments to Niger

Sonatrach stated that delivering the jet fuel shipment to Niger reflects its efforts to enhance direct cooperation with African oil and gas companies (X)
Sonatrach stated that delivering the jet fuel shipment to Niger reflects its efforts to enhance direct cooperation with African oil and gas companies (X)
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Algeria Begins Exporting First Jet Fuel Shipments to Niger

Sonatrach stated that delivering the jet fuel shipment to Niger reflects its efforts to enhance direct cooperation with African oil and gas companies (X)
Sonatrach stated that delivering the jet fuel shipment to Niger reflects its efforts to enhance direct cooperation with African oil and gas companies (X)

Algeria’s Sonatrach has started delivering its first shipments of Jet A1 aviation fuel to Niger from Adrar refinery (RA1D), Sonatrach group announced on Saturday.

The move is part of implementing the sale and purchase agreement signed with Niger's national oil company "SONIDEP," it said in a statement.

Sonatrach stated that delivering the jet fuel shipment to Niger reflects its efforts to enhance direct cooperation with African oil and gas companies.

Sonatrach has launched drilling of an exploration well in Niger.

The start of operations was formalized on Thursday during a ceremony presided over by Algerian Prime Minister Sifi Ghrieb and his Nigerien counterpart, Ali Mahaman Lamine Zeine.

In June, Algeria delivered a 40-megawatt power plant to Niger to supply Niamey and its surrounding area.


Saudi Arabia Reshapes the Future of the Digital Economy Through Advanced Digital Infrastructure, Global Partnerships

File photo of the Saudi capital Riyadh - File/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi capital Riyadh - File/AAWSAT
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Saudi Arabia Reshapes the Future of the Digital Economy Through Advanced Digital Infrastructure, Global Partnerships

File photo of the Saudi capital Riyadh - File/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi capital Riyadh - File/AAWSAT

Saudi Arabia has leveraged its advanced digital infrastructure and partnerships with leading global technology companies to establish its position as a global hub for artificial intelligence investment, underpinned by competitive advantages that include reliable energy, vast land availability, and a strategic geographic location.

The Kingdom has made rapid strides in the data center sector, with capacity increasing from 68 MW in 2021 to more than 467 MW in the first quarter of 2026, supported by investments exceeding SAR56.2 billion in data centers and digital infrastructure. The sector has grown more than sixfold since the launch of Saudi Vision 2030, as part of a national data and AI strategy that contributes to economic diversification and strengthens the Kingdom’s readiness for the knowledge economy.

Saudi Arabia has further strengthened its position as a global destination for technology investment by attracting some of the world’s largest cloud service providers. The Kingdom hosts operations for Oracle, Alibaba Cloud, and Google Cloud, alongside an SAR11 billion strategic partnership between HUMAIN and Blackstone, reflecting growing global confidence in Saudi Arabia’s digital investment environment, SPA reported.

This investment appeal is underpinned by a comprehensive set of competitive advantages, including abundant energy resources, extensive land available for data center expansion, and a geographic location connecting Asia, Africa, and Europe, positioning the Kingdom second globally in data center market attractiveness.

Saudi Arabia’s leadership has extended to helping shape the future of the global digital economy. As one of the leading G20 countries in the communications and technology sector, the Kingdom led G20 consensus on a roadmap for defining and measuring the digital economy and the adoption of human-centered, trustworthy AI principles. It also contributed to transforming the Digital Economy Task Force into a permanent working group, reinforcing its role as an international partner in advancing digital policies and strengthening global cooperation in technology.

As part of its efforts to bridge the global digital divide, the Kingdom has led pioneering initiatives, including a 5G trial using High-Altitude Platform Systems (HAPS), which demonstrated the ability to cover nearly half a million square kilometers in remote areas. Saudi Arabia also conducted the first-of-its-kind trial integrating non-terrestrial networks (NTN) with terrestrial networks, offering a future solution for expanding connectivity and accelerating access for unconnected communities.

These achievements have been reflected in the Kingdom’s performance across international indicators. Saudi Arabia ranked first globally twice in the International Telecommunication Union’s (ITU) 2026 ICT Development Index, outperforming 159 countries, reflecting the strength of its integrated digital infrastructure, widespread connectivity, and high levels of digital adoption. The Kingdom also ranked second among G20 countries in the ITU’s ICT Regulatory Tracker and second among G20 countries in digital competitiveness according to the European Center for Digital Competitiveness, while digital infrastructure coverage reached approximately 99% of the Kingdom’s population.

Saudi Arabia has continued to strengthen its standing across global AI indices, ranking first in the Arab world and 14th globally in the Global AI Index. The Kingdom also ranked first globally in AI security, privacy, and encryption; first in women’s empowerment in AI; third globally in the development of advanced AI models; and third in the share of specialized AI talent, while recording the world’s highest growth rate in specialized talent. It also ranked fourth globally in attracting international talent.

The impact of this progress has extended to empowering people and improving quality of life. Saudi Arabia launched the world’s largest virtual hospital, leveraging artificial intelligence technologies to deliver advanced healthcare services. The Kingdom has also made significant strides in empowering women in the technology sector, with their participation rising from 7% to 35%, surpassing the averages of both the G20 and the European Union. This reflects the success of investing in human capital alongside investment in digital infrastructure.

Saudi Arabia’s readiness has also received recognition from independent international institutions. JLL, as reported by Bloomberg, expects Riyadh to lead the growth of AI-related data centers in the Middle East, further underscoring the Kingdom’s growing position as one of the world’s leading destinations for investment in artificial intelligence and digital infrastructure.


Saudi Arabia Moves to Strengthen Stability and Development in the Region

Saudi Arabia continues its initiatives to promote security and peace in the region... The Saudi flag is seen at a site in the city of Jazan (SPA).
Saudi Arabia continues its initiatives to promote security and peace in the region... The Saudi flag is seen at a site in the city of Jazan (SPA).
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Saudi Arabia Moves to Strengthen Stability and Development in the Region

Saudi Arabia continues its initiatives to promote security and peace in the region... The Saudi flag is seen at a site in the city of Jazan (SPA).
Saudi Arabia continues its initiatives to promote security and peace in the region... The Saudi flag is seen at a site in the city of Jazan (SPA).

At a time of growing uncertainty surrounding the global economy, amid the repercussions of the US-Iranian war, tensions related to the Strait of Hormuz, and risks facing shipping through several vital maritime routes, Saudi Arabia is intensifying its regional initiatives aimed at strengthening security and stability. The approach is based on a vision that links reducing geopolitical risks with creating the conditions necessary for growth, development, and attracting investment.

In this context, the "Makkah Agreement" between Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan stands out as one of the initiatives that specialists believe could contribute to strengthening regional stability and increasing confidence in the economic and investment environment in a region that occupies a pivotal position in global energy markets, trade, and supply chains.

Specialists who spoke to Asharq Al-Awsat said Saudi initiatives are part of a broader strategy aimed at building a more stable regional environment capable of withstanding shocks. They emphasized that strengthening security has a direct impact on the sustainability of energy supplies, the safety of shipping routes, and the movement of trade and investment, while also paving the way for broader economic integration and joint projects among countries in the region.

They also noted that the significance of Saudi initiatives extends beyond immediate security considerations to supporting development by reducing risk levels, strengthening investor confidence, and creating opportunities for new partnerships in energy, industry, technology, mining, logistics, and defense industries.

Stable Energy Supplies and Shipping

Fadl bin Saad Al-Bouainain, a member of the Shura Council, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the initiatives adopted by Saudi Arabia, foremost among them the "Makkah Agreement for Joint Defense" between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Türkiye, could have an impact on the global economy, food security, and international trade, given the region's economic and strategic weight.

He added that the region exports nearly one-fifth of the world's oil needs, in addition to gas and agricultural nutrients, making its stability and security essential to ensuring the continuity of energy supplies and the safety of maritime shipping routes.

Al-Bouainain explained that Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman places great importance on economic development as a foundation for the prosperity of peoples and states, with a focus on investment flows as one of the drivers of development, alongside strengthening the Kingdom's capabilities in the energy sector and maintaining its influential position within the global supply system.

He said Saudi efforts seek to achieve security and stability in the region in ways that positively affect both the Saudi economy and the economies of neighboring countries. Development, he noted, requires a stable foundation on which to build, while the defense agreement contributes to strengthening deterrence and reducing risks that could affect economic activity.

He pointed out that investors consider the stability of the investment environment a priority when making decisions. Accordingly, strengthening regional security and providing greater clarity over the economic outlook are factors that support the attractiveness of the Saudi market, given the diverse investment opportunities it offers.

According to Al-Bouainain, the "Makkah Agreement" sends reassuring messages to local and foreign investors and strengthens confidence in the sustainability of energy supplies and the protection of critical infrastructure. This could, in turn, affect the pace of projects, investment flows, and trade.

He stressed that Saudi Arabia is relying on "Vision 2030" and its development programs, which require substantial investment, making greater economic certainty and reduced geopolitical uncertainty important factors in supporting capital flows and project implementation.

He added that strengthening the regional security system could encourage investors to seize opportunities and participate in development projects, with the positive effects extending to the economies of the region as a whole, not just Saudi Arabia.

Al-Bouainain noted that the signing of the agreement after years of negotiations reflects the depth of relations between Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan and opens the way for a broader phase of cooperation, supporting efforts to establish security, stability, and prosperity.

He said the initiatives led by the Saudi Crown Prince have helped strengthen the role of diplomacy and political dialogue in addressing regional crises, alongside efforts to unify responses to challenges. This supports security and stability and provides a stronger foundation for economic and development programs.

Economic Integration Takes Shape

Saudi businessman Abdullah bin Zaid Al-Mulaihi, CEO of Saudi technology holding company Al-Tamayoz, said Saudi Arabia continues to work to strengthen confidence in both the domestic and regional economies. He noted that the "Makkah Agreement" is among the initiatives that could enhance the Kingdom's regional and international standing and open the way for a new phase of economic cooperation and integration.

Al-Mulaihi told Asharq Al-Awsat that Saudi steps to strengthen security and stability have a direct impact on the economic and investment environment. He said Saudi-Turkish-Pakistani rapprochement provides a foundation for developing joint political, economic, defense, and human cooperation.

He added that the Kingdom has established itself as an influential political and economic power by building strategic partnerships aimed at achieving shared interests and supporting regional security and stability.

Al-Mulaihi believes that Saudi Arabia's strategy of strengthening stability and building long-term partnerships helps create a more attractive environment for investment and opens opportunities for the private sector in industry, technology, energy, mining, logistics, defense industries, and trade.

He noted that Saudi Arabia has a large economy, a strategic geographic location, and ambitious transformation programs under "Vision 2030."

He said political and security rapprochement could develop into broader economic partnerships benefiting investors and business leaders, particularly through joint projects, knowledge and technology transfer, localization of industries, and increased trade.

Al-Mulaihi emphasized that the economy, development, and citizens are the direct beneficiaries of regional stability. He noted that the Kingdom's political strength and balanced partnerships give the private sector greater confidence and strengthen its ability to attract capital, technologies, and international partnerships.

He concluded that Saudi Arabia is pursuing a vision that combines protecting its interests, strengthening its security, and building the economy of the future. He considered the "Makkah Agreement" a factor that strengthens the Kingdom's position in shaping the region's security, development, and cooperation framework.

The Path to Sustainable Development

Abdulrahman Baashen, head of the Al-Shorouq Center for Economic Studies in Jazan, told Asharq Al-Awsat that Saudi Arabia is strengthening its international credibility by adopting initiatives aimed at reducing risks and supporting stability, including the "Makkah Agreement for Joint Defense." He believes the agreement could help increase economic certainty in the region following the repercussions of the US-Iranian war and tensions in the Strait of Hormuz.

Baashen added that the Saudi approach, which combines political, security, and economic action, supports regional balance and strengthens confidence in the Saudi economy and the region's business environment. This could be reflected in trade, investment, and international partnerships, particularly given the Kingdom's central role in global energy markets.

He expects the next phase to see increased trade and investment activity, particularly in defense-related technology industries, alongside the expansion of strategic partnerships with countries possessing advanced expertise and capabilities in these fields.

Baashen believes the agreement could provide a supportive framework for launching high-value economic projects and initiatives between Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan, with their impact extending to their international partners and laying broader foundations for economic integration and sustainable development among Riyadh, Ankara, and Islamabad.

He noted that developing partnerships in industry, technology, energy, supply chains, infrastructure, and transportation could turn the strategic rapprochement among the three countries into tangible economic opportunities and increase the region's ability to withstand external disruptions.

He stressed that the essence of Saudi initiatives lies in linking security with development. Reducing tensions and strengthening regional stability do not affect only the political sphere, but also extend to protecting trade flows and energy supplies, improving the investment environment, and providing a more sustainable foundation for regional economic growth.