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Saudi Budget Shows Continued Government Spending on Mega-Projects

King Abdullah Financial District in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
King Abdullah Financial District in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Budget Shows Continued Government Spending on Mega-Projects

King Abdullah Financial District in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
King Abdullah Financial District in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia’s third-quarter budget results this year reflect the government’s commitment to boosting spending on mega-projects while working to increase revenue and contain the budget deficit.
Saudi Finance Minister Mohammed al-Jadaan stressed that managing the deficit is a key priority. He outlined strategies to ensure sustainable debt management, including directing debt to high-return sectors and attracting domestic and foreign investments.
The Ministry of Finance reported a budget deficit of SAR 30.23 billion ($8.06 billion) in the third quarter, down 15.6% from the same period last year. This brought the total deficit for the first nine months of the year to SAR 57.96 billion.
Government Spending and Revenues
Government revenues grew 20% in the third quarter to SAR 309.21 billion ($82.4 billion), while spending rose 15% to SAR 339.44 billion.
Non-oil revenues increased 6% year-on-year to SAR 118.3 billion, though they were 16% lower than in the previous quarter. Oil revenues climbed 30% year-on-year to SAR 190.8 billion but dropped 10% from the second quarter.
As of the third quarter, Saudi Arabia’s actual revenues for 2024 reached SAR 956.233 billion ($254.9 billion), a 12% rise from 2023.
Saudi Arabia’s spending topped SAR 1 trillion ($266.6 billion) by the end of the third quarter, a 13% increase from SAR 898.3 billion ($239.5 billion) a year earlier. The budget deficit for this period reached SAR 57.96 billion ($15.4 billion).
Saudi Budget Outlook and Reserve Update
The Kingdom’s Finance Ministry expects 2024 revenues to reach SAR 1.172 trillion ($312.5 billion), slightly below last year’s SAR 1.212 trillion ($323.2 billion). Expenditures are projected at SAR 1.251 trillion ($333.6 billion), with a budget deficit of SAR 79 billion ($21 billion), close to last year’s SAR 80.9 billion ($21.5 billion). By the end of the third quarter, the general reserve balance stood at SAR 390 billion ($104 billion), with the current account at SAR 76.7 billion ($20.4 billion) and public debt at SAR 1.157 trillion ($308.7 billion).
Vision 2030 Projects, Economic Reforms
Shura Council member Fadhel al-Buainain attributed the spending increase to Vision 2030 projects and social welfare programs, noting a 6% rise in non-oil revenues and a 16% boost in oil revenues.
He stressed that these gains contribute to financial stability and diversification efforts.
Enhanced Services and Growth Sectors
Dr. Mohammed Makni, Assistant Professor of Finance & Investment at Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University, highlighted the government’s focus on improving health, education, and quality of life, which are part of Vision 2030 goals impacting citizen services.
Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Makni explained that Saudi Arabia’s recent expansionary spending aims to complete Vision 2030 projects.
He added that the third-quarter budget reflects positive growth across oil and non-oil activities, which have boosted revenues.
Economist Dr. Mohammed al-Qahtani pointed out that non-oil sectors and efficient spending helped reduce the third-quarter deficit.
He cited strong growth in tourism, culture, and entertainment as key contributors to non-oil revenues. Al-Qahtani expects continued improvement in the fourth quarter, especially if oil prices strengthen.

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Kazakhstan Anticipates Completion of ACWA Power’s Wind Energy Project

ACWA Power announced in March that it would execute the project, which will aid Kazakhstan in reaching its goal of sourcing 50% of its energy from clean resources by 2050. (Photo: ACWA Power)
ACWA Power announced in March that it would execute the project, which will aid Kazakhstan in reaching its goal of sourcing 50% of its energy from clean resources by 2050. (Photo: ACWA Power)
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Kazakhstan Anticipates Completion of ACWA Power’s Wind Energy Project

ACWA Power announced in March that it would execute the project, which will aid Kazakhstan in reaching its goal of sourcing 50% of its energy from clean resources by 2050. (Photo: ACWA Power)
ACWA Power announced in March that it would execute the project, which will aid Kazakhstan in reaching its goal of sourcing 50% of its energy from clean resources by 2050. (Photo: ACWA Power)

Kazakh Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, Madiyar Menilbekov, announced that his country eagerly anticipates the completion of ACWA Power’s first wind energy project in the Zhetysu region. This project, led by the Saudi company, will have a total capacity of 1 gigawatt and an investment value of approximately $1.5 billion.
ACWA Power announced last March that it would execute this project, which will aid Kazakhstan in reaching its goal of sourcing 50% of its energy from clean resources by 2050. Construction is expected to commence in the summer of 2025.
Menilbekov told Asharq Al-Awsat that both countries “have established a solid political dialogue at a high level, along with cooperation in trade, economics, culture, and parliamentary exchange.” He expects this high-level dialogue to continue at the upcoming COP 16 summit in Riyadh.
He further emphasized that trade, economic, and investment cooperation is the cornerstone of the bilateral relationship, noting: “Both countries share a similar outlook on economic development, reflected in Kazakhstan’s Strategic Program 2050 and Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.”
The Kazakh ambassador highlighted that last September, the Islamic Development Bank approved financing for projects in Kazakhstan focused on water resource development, enhancing agricultural productivity, and ensuring food security, with total allocations amounting to $1.153 billion.
In tourism, he noted significant progress toward establishing direct flights between the two countries. Air Astana launched flights between Shymkent and Jeddah in October and announced a route from Almaty to Medina, bringing the total to six direct flights. Additionally, Kazakh companies in construction, oil services, and IT have recently opened offices across Saudi Arabia. The Farabi Innovation Center was inaugurated in Riyadh to attract talented entrepreneurs and innovative startups from Nur-Sultan and Central Asia to the Kingdom.
Menilbekov explained that since gaining independence, Kazakhstan’s GDP has grown 17-fold, with foreign trade reaching $139.8 billion last year. He added: “Since 1993, Kazakhstan has attracted a total of $441 billion in foreign direct investment, allowing our economy to remain one of the most dynamic in Central Asia and the post-Soviet region.”
According to Menilbekov, Kazakhstan is the world’s largest producer and exporter of natural uranium, responsible for more than 45% of global production and exports. He also noted that Kazakhstan produces 18 of the 34 raw materials identified by the European Union as “critical materials.”
Menilbekov further mentioned that Kazakhstan possesses 200 million hectares of agricultural land, with about 100 million hectares currently under regular cultivation.