Saudi Arabia: Global Mining Needs $6 Trillion in Investments to Meet Demand

Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Al-Khorayef speaks at the start of the event. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Al-Khorayef speaks at the start of the event. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Arabia: Global Mining Needs $6 Trillion in Investments to Meet Demand

Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Al-Khorayef speaks at the start of the event. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Al-Khorayef speaks at the start of the event. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

The global mining industry requires $6 trillion in investments over the next decade to meet rising demand, presenting a major challenge for the sector. This figure was revealed by Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Al-Khorayef during an international meeting of mining ministers.

The announcement underscores the mining sector’s appetite for investments, coinciding with Saudi Arabia’s increasing focus on making mining the third pillar of its national industrial strategy.

The meeting was part of the Future Minerals Forum hosted by Saudi Arabia under the theme “Creating Impact,” which gathered representatives from nearly 90 countries and over 50 organizations. The conference highlighted the vital role of mining in Saudi Arabia and the global economy.

Key topics discussed included boosting value addition in mineral-producing countries and developing green metals using advanced technologies and renewable energy.

The ministerial meeting facilitated the signing of several memorandums of understanding aimed at strengthening international partnerships and advancing Saudi Arabia’s mining and minerals sector.

In 2022, Saudi Arabia increased its estimated untapped mineral wealth from $1.3 trillion to $2.5 trillion, a move intended to support the Kingdom’s efforts to diversify its economy.

Global mining investments

In his opening remarks, Al-Khorayef stated that the global mining industry would need investments of $6 trillion over the next decade to meet growing demand, particularly driven by the global energy transition. He emphasized that metals are the foundation of supply chains and are essential for meeting the increasing demand for critical materials.

The minister also stressed the importance of continuing three initiatives launched at last year’s conference, namely, the International Framework for Critical Minerals, a network of centers of excellence to build mining expertise in the Middle East, and a priority-based approach to supply chain development.

He proposed forming a ministerial-level steering committee to oversee these initiatives and called on multilateral organizations to develop a roadmap to mitigate investment risks and enhance collaboration.

In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the conference, Al-Khorayef said that Saudi Arabia is working closely with Arab countries, particularly those with established mining sectors like Morocco, Jordan and Egypt.

The minister highlighted the need for regional integration in mining, as companies often operate across multiple areas, stressing that mining is a key component of Saudi Vision 2030, particularly as the world shifts toward sustainable energy solutions and technologies that require large quantities of minerals.

Yonis Ali Guedi, Djibouti’s Minister of Energy and Natural Resources told Asharq Al-Awsat that his country had signed a new cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia to enhance collaboration in the mining sector and exchange training expertise. The agreement also includes resource-sharing and highlights Djibouti’s need for Saudi investments, he added.

The minister underlined the significant role Saudi companies could play in developing Djibouti’s mining sector, while also acknowledging progress in local industries. On a broader level, Guedi pointed to the growth of Africa’s mining sector and underscored the importance of maintaining this momentum to meet global demand.

Focus on critical minerals

In comments to Asharq Al-Awsat, Julius Maada Bio, Sierra Leone’s Minister of Mines and Mineral Resources, said that financing remains the greatest challenge for his country’s mining sector.

Exploration of critical minerals, he explained, requires significant investments with high risks, a challenge faced by many African nations. Bio underscored the importance of improving Sierra Leone’s infrastructure and value chain capabilities, from exploration to processing, and expressed interest in leveraging Saudi expertise in mining.

He added that Sierra Leone is seeking to strengthen international cooperation to create a comprehensive framework for critical minerals, with a focus on sustainability.

Malaysia’s Minister of Natural Resources, Environment, and Climate Change Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad highlighted that the key challenge for his country’s mining sector is its technological gap. He noted that advanced technologies for producing and processing rare earth minerals are concentrated in a few major countries, limiting Malaysia’s competitiveness in global markets.

The minister also pointed to geopolitical tensions disrupting global supply chains, which has complicated matters for countries like Malaysia that rely on trade with both China and the United States.

Despite these challenges, Ahmad stated that his country is working to boost its domestic processing capabilities for rare earth minerals, aiming to reduce its reliance on raw material exports.

Yemeni Minister of Minerals Dr. Saeed Al-Shamasi emphasized Yemen’s valuable mineral resources, including lithium, which is essential for batteries and renewable energy technologies. Yemen also holds reserves of copper and other strategic minerals.

He called for urgent foreign investments to develop the sector, given Yemen’s lack of advanced infrastructure. Al-Shamasi also highlighted Yemen’s efforts to strengthen cooperation with Saudi Arabia, noting the establishment of a Saudi-Yemeni Business Council to facilitate investment across various sectors.

International agreements

During the ministerial meeting, Al-Khorayef signed cooperation agreements with six countries: Djibouti, the United Kingdom, Jordan, Zambia, Austria and France. These agreements aim to strengthen international partnerships and advance the Kingdom’s mining sector.

The accompanying exhibition featured cutting-edge technologies and innovations in mining, promoting global collaboration to achieve sustainability in the sector.

Meanhwile, two global alliances, including local and international companies, won exploration licenses for six mining sites in Saudi Arabia during the seventh round of mining competitions, according to the Ministry’s statement on Tuesday.



US Stocks Dip on Mixed Earnings as Markets Monitor Iran

A trader works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) at the opening bell in New York on March 24, 2026.  (Photo by ANGELA WEISS / AFP)
A trader works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) at the opening bell in New York on March 24, 2026. (Photo by ANGELA WEISS / AFP)
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US Stocks Dip on Mixed Earnings as Markets Monitor Iran

A trader works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) at the opening bell in New York on March 24, 2026.  (Photo by ANGELA WEISS / AFP)
A trader works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) at the opening bell in New York on March 24, 2026. (Photo by ANGELA WEISS / AFP)

Wall Street stocks retreated from records early Thursday as markets digested a trove of mixed earnings reports and monitored the latest dynamics between the United States and Iran.

Analysts cited profit-taking after both the S&P 500 and Nasdaq shrugged off a jump in oil prices to finish at records on Wednesday.

About 10 minutes into trading, the Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 0.4 percent at 49,311.39, AFP reported.

The broad-based S&P 500 dipped 0.2 percent to 7,126.19, while the tech-rich Nasdaq Composite Index declined 0.3 percent to 24,588.07.

David Morrison, senior market analyst at FCA, called Thursday's early trading action "a mild bout of profit-taking triggered by some worrying reports of hostile action between the US and Iran," according to a note.

The US Defense Department said its forces boarded a vessel in the Indian Ocean that was transporting oil from Iran, while President Donald Trump announced on social media that he ordered the Navy to "shoot and kill" boats placing mines in the Strait of Hormuz.

Iran vowed it would keep the strait closed to all but a trickle of approved vessels for as long as the United States blockaded its ports.

Among companies reporting results, Tesla fell 1.7 percent and Lockheed Martin dropped 3.7 percent, while American Airlines jumped 4.9 percent.


What Does the Inclusion of Saudi Bonds in the J.P. Morgan Index Mean?

Saudi woman walks at the Saudi stock market in Riyadh - Reuters
Saudi woman walks at the Saudi stock market in Riyadh - Reuters
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What Does the Inclusion of Saudi Bonds in the J.P. Morgan Index Mean?

Saudi woman walks at the Saudi stock market in Riyadh - Reuters
Saudi woman walks at the Saudi stock market in Riyadh - Reuters

Saudi Arabia’s debt market is set for a strategic shift in early 2027, following J.P. Morgan’s announcement that local-currency bonds will be included in its global emerging markets bond index. The move represents a vote of confidence in the Kingdom’s structural reforms and is expected to open the door to substantial capital inflows that will help finance major economic transformation projects.

In a note, J.P. Morgan said the move follows a series of reforms to improve foreign investor access and enhance local market capabilities.

The bank added that Saudi sukuk, Shariah-compliant debt instruments that function similarly to bonds, with a remaining maturity of up to 15 years, will be eligible for inclusion in the Government Bond Index-Emerging Markets (GBI-EM), the most widely tracked benchmark of its kind, with $233 billion in assets tracking it.

J.P. Morgan said eight sukuk issues would be eligible for inclusion, with a total value of $69 billion.

The Kingdom’s inclusion in the index is expected to boost liquidity and demand for sovereign debt, contributing to lower borrowing costs.

In September, J.P. Morgan had placed Saudi Arabia on “Positive Index Watch,” paving the way for its eventual inclusion in the GBI-EM.

Commenting on the decision, Saudi Finance Minister Mohammed Al-Jadaan told Bloomberg that the move reflects continued confidence in the Kingdom’s economic transformation trajectory. He said the inclusion marks a new milestone in Saudi Arabia’s integration into global financial markets, adding that its immediate impact will be seen in broadening and diversifying the investor base and supporting long-term capital inflows into the domestic debt market, thereby strengthening the resilience and stability of the national economy.

The Significance of the Index

The importance of J.P. Morgan’s index lies in its role as a benchmark guiding major global fund allocations, particularly passive funds that track indices automatically. With an expected weighting of around 2.52 percent, Saudi bonds will become a core component of international investor portfolios, increasing government bond liquidity and reducing borrowing costs over the long term, a critical factor for the Kingdom’s economy.

Passive funds play a key role in ensuring steady inflows. Trillions of dollars globally are managed through such funds. Once Saudi Arabia is included in the index, these funds will purchase Saudi bonds to remain aligned with it. Unlike active investors, they do not rapidly buy or sell based on daily news or market sentiment, but continue to hold bonds as long as they remain in the index, providing significant stability to the Saudi debt market. Their participation also ensures a constant base of large-scale buyers, facilitating bond trading at any time.

Reforms That Paved the Way

This inclusion is the result of a series of regulatory reforms highlighted by the bank in its note. Saudi Arabia has improved international investor access by linking to the global Euroclear system, expanding its network of primary dealers to include international banks, and facilitating cross-border settlement and trading. These measures have enhanced legal certainty and transparency, making the Saudi debt market an attractive and secure destination for foreign capital.

Financial Stability Amid Regional Challenges

Beyond its economic dimensions, the move carries strategic significance amid ongoing geopolitical tensions in the region. Increased inflows into local bonds are expected to strengthen the government’s ability to manage any economic fallout from regional instability. It underscores the resilience and attractiveness of the Saudi economy, demonstrating its capacity to attract quality investment and secure the financing needed for its development plans regardless of external challenges.


S&P Warns African Sovereign Credit Rating Risks Likely to Worsen

Central Bank of Egypt building (A.P.)
Central Bank of Egypt building (A.P.)
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S&P Warns African Sovereign Credit Rating Risks Likely to Worsen

Central Bank of Egypt building (A.P.)
Central Bank of Egypt building (A.P.)

S&P Global Ratings warned on Thursday that the risks to African sovereign credit scores were likely to worsen the longer the Middle East war drags on.

The ratings agency said that higher fuel and fertilizer import costs would increase inflation and fiscal strains for countries, "potentially leading to rating pressure".

Egypt, Mozambique and Rwanda are among the "most exposed" the agency said, although Egypt's deep domestic capital markets and Rwanda's high levels of concessional debt provide some offset, according to Reuters.

Less exposed are net-oil exporters Nigeria, Angola and Congo-Brazzaville as well as Morocco, due to stronger foreign-currency reserves.

S&P's "base case" assumed that the conflict will peak and that the Strait of Hormuz will gradually reopen but related disruptions will likely persist for months. A resumption of hostilities and a more prolonged conflict would present a greater threat to many African sovereigns.

The ratings agency said it expected Africa's borrowing costs to increase due to war's impacts and as a result of global risk aversion.

S&P in recent weeks kept Egypt's credit rating on a "stable" outlook and affirmed ratings for Morocco, Ghana and Mozambique.