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FII: The Key to Unlocking a More Inclusive Global Economy

A robot hands “the Key to Prosperity,” the forum’s symbol, to a performer during the opening ceremony. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A robot hands “the Key to Prosperity,” the forum’s symbol, to a performer during the opening ceremony. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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FII: The Key to Unlocking a More Inclusive Global Economy

A robot hands “the Key to Prosperity,” the forum’s symbol, to a performer during the opening ceremony. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A robot hands “the Key to Prosperity,” the forum’s symbol, to a performer during the opening ceremony. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

A humanoid robot carrying “The Key to Prosperity,” matching this year’s Future Investment Initiative (FII) theme, stole the spotlight as the ninth edition of the global investment forum opened in Riyadh, symbolizing the unlocking of global economic potential through innovation and bold ideas.

Held under the patronage of Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz, the three-day event began on Tuesday at the King Abdulaziz International Conference Center, drawing heads of state, ministers, sovereign wealth fund chiefs, senior executives, and global industry leaders.

The opening ceremony featured a symbolic moment as the robot handed the “Key to Prosperity” to the event’s artist, marking the start of panel discussions that brought together some of the world’s most influential decision-makers.

This year’s agenda aims to drive global collaboration and shape the future of the world economy with a focus on health, artificial intelligence, and human development.

Panels covered a broad range of pressing issues, including the impact of AI and robotics on productivity, wealth creation amid rising inequality, the geoeconomic consequences of resource scarcity, demographic shifts reshaping future workforces, and strategies to balance economic growth with environmental sustainability.

Yasir Al-Rumayyan urges elevating global impact

In his opening remarks, Yasir Al-Rumayyan, Governor of the Public Investment Fund (PIF), Chairman of Saudi Aramco, and Chairman of the FII Institute, described the forum as the world’s most influential gathering for those who can turn ideas and investments into tangible global impact.

“It's incredible to see all of these visionary leaders who have truly changed the world in the same room. For those with the vision to turn ideas and investments into global impact, this is the greatest gathering in the world,” said Al-Rumayyan.

“$250 billion worth of deals have been made on this platform since it was born less than a decade ago,” he revealed.

“We have come a long way together, but at this year's FII, we must take our impact to the next level,” urged Al-Rumayyan.

He stressed that the financial power represented by today’s leaders comes with great responsibility and an even greater opportunity to shape the world’s economic future.

“We must act on this responsibility and seize this opportunity without any delay,” he added.

“The old models that brought us to this point are no longer fit for purpose,” he noted, saying that “We need a new model. We need a global collaboration for a new era of global prosperity.”

Highlighting global economic growth, Al-Rumayyan noted that the world’s GDP has surpassed $111 trillion and is expected to expand by 2.8% this year. Yet, he warned of growing social disparities: “66% of people feel positive about their lives. Yet only 37% are optimistic about the world and 69% are concerned their country will lose jobs to foreign competition. This gap between personal hope and global doubt is a warning.”

Technology, he said, could bridge that divide — if it remains accessible.

“Three and four people worry that AI will widen the education gap between societies who have access and those that don't. We can't allow that to happen. We must address inequalities that have held us back for too long,” said Al-Rumayyan.

Vision 2030 and expanding opportunities

Al-Rumayyan said governments and the private sector must work together to harness global capital for security, stability, and opportunity.

“Under the leadership Prince Mohammed bin Salma, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, Saudi Arabia's economic transformation has set a new global benchmark for a national vision,” he said.

“Nine years since the launch of vision 2030, you can see the results everywhere. New cities, new industries, new ecosystems and supply chains. And last year, foreign investment grew 24% reaching 31.7 billion dollars.”

“We have taken Saudi Arabia to the world and now the world is coming to Saudi Arabia, to FII every year, to Expo in 2030, and to the FIFA World Cup in 2034.”

He emphasized that Saudi wealth is measured not in numbers, but in human prosperity.

“In Riyadh, this week we have the opportunity to forge deals across borders that deliver impact and capture the true power of partnerships,” he remarked.

Richard Attias, CEO of the FII Institute and Chairman of its Executive Committee, welcomed global leaders and delegates, expressing pride in how FII has evolved into a passionate community determined to change the world.

Foreign investment and economic transformation

Saudi Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih said in a panel session that 90% of foreign direct investment (FDI) flowing into the Kingdom now targets non-oil sectors, while only 10% goes to oil-related industries.

According to Al-Falih, the Saudi economy is in a phase of dynamic expansion, driven by emerging sectors such as advanced manufacturing, technology, tourism, entrepreneurship, and deep tech — where investments have grown tenfold.

Al-Falih added that Saudi Arabia’s GDP has doubled over the past decade, mostly fueled by non-oil growth.

As per the minister, the Kingdom is entering a new phase of economic diversification, with $1 billion deployed into startups and 60% of Middle East venture funding now originating in Saudi Arabia.

He added that 40% of the Kingdom’s budget and expenditures are now financed by non-oil revenues, underscoring the strong macroeconomic and fiscal balance achieved.

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Business

Gold Rallies as Dollar, Treasury Yields Soften after US Midterm Results

Gold chips displayed at a state-owned gold retail store in Surabaya, East Java (AFP)
Gold chips displayed at a state-owned gold retail store in Surabaya, East Java (AFP)
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Gold Rallies as Dollar, Treasury Yields Soften after US Midterm Results

Gold chips displayed at a state-owned gold retail store in Surabaya, East Java (AFP)
Gold chips displayed at a state-owned gold retail store in Surabaya, East Java (AFP)

Gold climbed to its highest level in over two weeks on Thursday as the fallout from the US midterm election results rippled through the global financial and oil markets.

Spot gold rose 1.6% to $4,124.89 per ounce by 0752 GMT. It touched $4,146.63 per ounce, its highest level since October 20, earlier in ‌the session.

Bullion ‌climbed about 3.4% on Wednesday, its biggest ‌daily gain ⁠since August 19.

US ⁠gold futures for December delivery climbed 1.5% to $4,135.40, Reuters said.

A weaker dollar and lower Treasury yields have helped gold recover above the key $4,000 level, though holding above that threshold remains crucial for the recovery outlook, said Linh Tran, market analyst at XS.com.

"If investment flows and yield movements continue to provide support, gold could stabilize ⁠above $4,000, also opening up an opportunity for a ‌recovery toward $4,200, followed by $4,400."

Oil prices ‌were slightly higher after earlier falling for a fourth day on ‌expectations that the losses US President Donald Trump's Republican Party ‌suffered in congressional elections this week may reduce the risk of further escalation of the US-Israeli war with Iran.

Lower energy prices ease inflationary pressures, reducing expectations that the central bank will keep interest rates higher ‌for longer, supporting the appeal of non-yielding bullion.

The dollar slid to its lowest in more ⁠than a ⁠month, and 10-year US Treasury yield fell to its lowest since September 10.

A weaker dollar makes greenback-priced bullion more affordable for holders of other currencies.

Market participants now await the US non-farm payrolls report on Friday to further gauge the Federal Reserve's monetary policy outlook.

Meanwhile, Citi has a 0-3 month price target of $4,500 per ounce for gold, the brokerage said on Wednesday, as it sees substantial upside potential if the Strait of Hormuz reopens and the Yemen/Saudi conflict de-escalates.

Among other metals, spot silver rose 0.8% to $52.63 per ounce, platinum gained 1.2% to $1,514.20 and palladium climbed 2.2% to $1,026.83.

Business

Tech Hit by New AI Worries on Positive Day for Most Markets

Hong Kong stocks rallied more than three percent on a broadly healthy day for Asian markets. Leung Man Hei / AFP
Hong Kong stocks rallied more than three percent on a broadly healthy day for Asian markets. Leung Man Hei / AFP
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Tech Hit by New AI Worries on Positive Day for Most Markets

Hong Kong stocks rallied more than three percent on a broadly healthy day for Asian markets. Leung Man Hei / AFP
Hong Kong stocks rallied more than three percent on a broadly healthy day for Asian markets. Leung Man Hei / AFP

Tech firms tumbled Thursday as investors contemplated the outlook for the AI boom after Democrats swept the US midterms, partly on the back of growing anger over the rapid building of data centers across the country.

However, broader markets mostly rallied and oil plunged after Donald Trump's Republicans were dealt a historic defeat that was blamed on high prices, tariffs and the Iran war.

The result stoked hopes he will look to wind down the Middle East conflict, which would help temper inflation and even soften his stance on trade.

But AI-linked firms came under the cosh amid fears for planned data center construction projects as well as renewed scrutiny from newly installed Democrats on Capitol Hill.

The sector had already been in the crosshairs of investors owing to questions about the vast sums pumped into new facilities, R&D and chip development, and when any companies would see a profit.

Charu Chanana at Saxo Markets said the vote was accelerating a reassessment of AI that was already under way.

"A Democratic Congress introduces another layer of uncertainty: regulatory scrutiny," she wrote, adding that the three main risks were more oversight, data center restrictions and capital spending uncertainty.

"The congressional scrutiny could accelerate demands for AI safety standards, independent model evaluations and greater accountability for data center developers," she added.

However, she also said: "This is not the same as an outright anti-AI policy agenda. AI is strategically important for US competitiveness, particularly against China, and there remains considerable bipartisan interest in maintaining American leadership."

Chip firms were hammered in Asia, with South Korea's SK hynix off more than seven percent and Samsung 5.5 percent down.

Tokyo-listed Kioxia dived more than 13 percent and Advantest tanked 14.7 percent, while Tokyo Electron lost more than nine percent and SoftBank 6.8 percent.

US Nasdaq futures fell more than one percent.

Broader markets performed better as investors rotated into other sectors including finance, auto, mining and manufacturing names.

Seoul, the poster child of the AI-led surge in the first half of the year, shed more than five percent, while Taipei lost more than three percent. Tokyo gave up 1.8 percent.

But there were healthy gains in Hong Kong, helped by hopes for an easing of trade tensions between the US and China, with tech titans including Alibaba, JD.com and Tencent leading the way amid a shift into beaten-down regional stocks.

Shanghai, Sydney, Singapore, Wellington, Mumbai, Jakarta and Manila also advanced.

Oil continued to fall after diving more than eight percent Wednesday on the US result amid optimism Trump will seek a deal to end the Iran war, which has been a key driver of the inflation spike that has hammered US consumers.

Hopes were given a boost when Vice President JD Vance said in a social media post that the Republican defeat was due to the unpopularity of the eight-month-old conflict.

The drop in crude prices -- both main contracts are now below $100 for the first time since the start of October -- has also tempered inflation worries and, in turn, Treasury yields, which dipped again Thursday.

The lower cost of borrowing has also been helped by the prospect that gridlock on Capitol Hill would lead to less spending.

That also weighed on the dollar, which held losses against its peers in Asian trade.

Business

Türkiye Showcases Renewables Surge, but Leaves Coal Intact

Türkiye is rapidly expanding its renewable energy capacity. But as host of COP31, the country faces growing pressure to match its clean energy ambitions with a clear commitment to phase out fossil fuels. Yasin AKGUL / AFP
Türkiye is rapidly expanding its renewable energy capacity. But as host of COP31, the country faces growing pressure to match its clean energy ambitions with a clear commitment to phase out fossil fuels. Yasin AKGUL / AFP
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Türkiye Showcases Renewables Surge, but Leaves Coal Intact

Türkiye is rapidly expanding its renewable energy capacity. But as host of COP31, the country faces growing pressure to match its clean energy ambitions with a clear commitment to phase out fossil fuels. Yasin AKGUL / AFP
Türkiye is rapidly expanding its renewable energy capacity. But as host of COP31, the country faces growing pressure to match its clean energy ambitions with a clear commitment to phase out fossil fuels. Yasin AKGUL / AFP

On a windy hillside about an hour's drive northwest of Istanbul, the Catalca power plant was one of Türkiye's first large-scale wind farms and has been feeding electricity into the grid for 18 years.

With an installed capacity of 93 megawatts, it generates 287 million kilowatt-hours of electricity a year, enough for around 115,000 households, said AFP.

"By replacing electricity that would otherwise come from fossil fuel-fired power plants, this output avoids 185,936 tons of carbon emissions each year," operator Sanko Enerji says.

Nearly two decades on, Catalca is one of nearly 300 wind farms, its giant turbines a symbol of the rapidly expanding capacity for renewable energy in Türkiye which is hosting the COP31 UN climate summit that opens in Antalya on Monday.

Last year, 43 percent of Türkiye's electricity came from clean energy sources, of which wind and solar accounted for 22 percent, according to energy think tank Ember.

With electrification emerging as one of the central themes of COP31, Türkiye has been pushing hard for it to be an implementation-focused summit that turns existing climate pledges into action.

Energy Minister Alparslan Bayraktar has outlined plans to triple Türkiye's installed solar and wind capacity from around 40 gigawatts to 120 gigawatts by 2035.

But with coal still the leading source of power generation, Türkiye is under pressure to pair its impressive renewables growth with a definitive shift away from fossil fuels.

Not only is it still building coal-fired power plants, it has yet to set a date to phase out fossil fuels.

- Coal still dominant -

"Türkiye's continued reliance on coal, alongside plans for further expansion, highlights the contradiction at the heart of its current trajectory," Duygu Kutluay of Beyond Fossil Fuels told AFP.

Embracing an electrification agenda alone did not amount to a genuine energy transition because "coal remains the country's largest source of electricity generation", she said.

Coal-fired power plants accounted for 33.5 percent of Türkiye's electricity production in 2025, energy ministry figures show, with Ember saying almost two-thirds of its coal was imported.

Plans to expand coal capacity "risk locking in further fossil-fuel dependence", she warned.

"As Türkiye increases renewable capacity, it must ensure clean electricity replaces fossil-fuel generation rather than simply meeting additional demand," Kutluay said.

The challenge is not only expanding renewables but establishing "a clear pathway to phase out coal".

Asked about Türkiye's continuing reliance on coal, Bayraktar told AFP in February that Ankara prioritized securing affordable energy supplies and reducing dependence on imports.

"Coal can initially be replaced with gas, but in the medium and long term it can be substituted with nuclear," he said.

Ibrahim Erden, president of the Turkish Wind Energy Association, said every country's transition was different with "no single path that suits everyone".

- Need for investment -

Emin Emrah Danis, chief executive of MOBEN consultancy, said Türkiye's energy policy was shaped by rising electricity demand and the need for "baseload" generation to deliver constant power around the clock.

"This is why Türkiye has invested heavily in gas- and coal-fired power plants over the past 30 years," he told AFP.

"For coal's share of power generation to fall to meaningful levels, Türkiye needs substantial investment in electricity storage and nuclear power," he said, referring to battery storage for renewable power.

Türkiye is currently putting the finishing touches on the first reactor of its Akkuyu nuclear power plant, which should be online by the start of 2027, Bayraktar told an energy summit last week.

But Türkiye's nuclear expansion, with two more plants in the pipeline, was unlikely to add enough baseload capacity to replace coal-fired electricity generation before around 2040, Danis said.

And coal would likely remain part of the energy mix for decades, with the need for baseload power and dependence on imports making a full phase-out infeasible before "the mid-2050s".

Türkiye relies heavily on imports of oil, natural gas and coal from countries like Russia, Iran and Azerbaijan.

Erden said infrastructure updates were essential to give greater place to renewables.

"We cannot simply shut down coal-fired power plants today and rely solely on wind and solar energy ... The technological and physical infrastructure is not yet capable of supporting that."

Beyond the climate argument, geopolitical tensions have also strengthened the case for domestic renewables.

"Renewables ... are not only one of the most effective tools for tackling climate change, but also an important means of strengthening energy security and reducing dependence on foreign supplies," he said.