EDB Tells Asharq Al-Awsat it Aims to ‘Promote the Gulf-Eurasia Investment Corridor’

Nikolai Podguzov met with Saudi Deputy Minister of Finance for International Relations Khalid Bawazier on the sidelines of FII held in Riyadh. Photo: Podguzov’s LinkedIn account
Nikolai Podguzov met with Saudi Deputy Minister of Finance for International Relations Khalid Bawazier on the sidelines of FII held in Riyadh. Photo: Podguzov’s LinkedIn account
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EDB Tells Asharq Al-Awsat it Aims to ‘Promote the Gulf-Eurasia Investment Corridor’

Nikolai Podguzov met with Saudi Deputy Minister of Finance for International Relations Khalid Bawazier on the sidelines of FII held in Riyadh. Photo: Podguzov’s LinkedIn account
Nikolai Podguzov met with Saudi Deputy Minister of Finance for International Relations Khalid Bawazier on the sidelines of FII held in Riyadh. Photo: Podguzov’s LinkedIn account

Chairman of the Management Board of the Eurasian Development Bank (EDB) Nikolai Podguzov has said that the bank aims to build partnerships, deploy its structuring expertise, and promote the Gulf–Eurasia investment corridor.

In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat, Podguzov said EDB is participating in the Future Investment Initiative (FII) in Riyadh as part of its strategic effort to deepen engagement with the Gulf region and explore cooperative investment and project financing opportunities beyond its traditional member states.

“At FII, the Bank aims to build partnerships, deploy its structuring expertise, and promote the Gulf–Eurasia investment corridor,” he said.

The Bank offers Gulf partners access to investment opportunities in green energy, transport infrastructure, logistics, and industry - sectors crucial for sustainable growth across Central Asia.

“We can offer our potential Gulf partners access to investment opportunities in Central Asia’s green energy, transport infrastructure, and logistics sectors. We are fully committed to championing Islamic finance across Central Asia and beyond. This aligns with our strategic goals for long-term regional development,” he said.

Cooperation opportunities with Saudi Arabia
Asked about the opportunities for financial and banking cooperation between the Eurasian Development Bank and Saudi banks, Podguzov said: “The Bank's extensive experience as an issuer of debt instruments (including ESG bonds) in local and international capital markets in various currencies creates the foundation for joint collaboration and partnership with Saudi Arabian financial institutions, including through the local financial market infrastructure, where the Saudi exchange Tadawul is a key participant. We also see potential for developing mutually beneficial cooperation with the Public Investment Fund (PIF), the Saudi Fund for Development, and national development banks, including Saudi Exim.”

“In addition, we identify significant potential for cooperation in the area of trade finance and export support programs. This includes the development of joint instruments such as letters of credit and guarantees to facilitate trade between the member countries of the Eurasian Development Bank and the Kingdom.”

Challenges
On the challenges facing banking and financial growth globally, Podguzov said: “There are quite a few of them. Elevated risks – lessons from the Global Financial Crisis are partially forgotten. Rising sovereign debt. Challenges related to the efficient implementation of digital solutions. Emergence of new alternative forms and sources of credit, which have yet to prove their resilience. Limited availability of longer-term and cheaper financing for developing countries and sustainable development.”

“Since I am a development banker, let me say a few things about the availability of financing for development. If we talk about private capital, what private capital wants is a good risk-return ratio. Development projects usually carry low margins. If margins will be higher, and risks lower, then private capital will be available. So the tasks are to better structure projects so that margins are sustained and risks are contained.”

Talking about development financial institutions, they are mission-driven banks, Podguzov told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“They are a right source of capital to fund the SDGs. But they face issues with their capital and efficiency of operations. For example, annual volumes of financing by multilateral development banks (MDBs) stay at $180 billion.”

“Over the past 25 years, the value of MDB assets relative to global GDP has actually fallen from 1.9% to 1.7%. That means that the MDB role in the global economy has in fact shrunk in real terms,” he added.

MDBs should invest more through better project expertise, more local knowledge and presence, and finally more capital, he stated.

Non-sovereign financing

The EDB is a leading institution in non-sovereign financing across Eurasia and Central Asia. It focuses on mobilizing external funds for large-scale private sector and public–private partnership (PPP) projects that drive sustainable economic growth and regional integration, Podguzov said.

“Our team has extensive experience in investing in transport infrastructure, industrial modernization projects aimed at improving environmental performance and efficiency, the construction of renewable energy facilities, and the development of energy initiatives. All projects are selected in line with international ESG principles, ensuring both financial returns and a positive social and environmental impact.”

Islamic financing
“We are also working to develop Islamic finance across Central Asia and aim to serve as a key regional platform for its growth. In late 2024, the EDB joined the Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) as an Associate Member and, in early 2025, became a member of the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI). These memberships reinforce our commitment to high supervisory standards and global best practices,” he said.

As part of this initiative, the EDB is exploring the potential issuance of sukuk to finance strategic projects and expand sustainable financing tools.

“Our team is also undertaking economic studies that are relevant to Central Asia. Together with the Islamic Development Bank and the London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG), we recently published a study on Islamic finance in Central Asia. The region currently hosts 18 Islamic banks and 14 non-bank financial institutions, as well as takaful, ijara, and Islamic fintech operators.”

However, the Islamic capital market, particularly sukuk, is developing at a slower pace. According to the report, Islamic banking assets in the region are projected to grow to $2.5 billion by 2028 and $6.3 billion by 2033, while the sukuk market is expected to reach $2.05 billion by 2028 and $5.6 billion by 2033, led by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.

Direct investments
In October, the EDB releases its first macroeconomic study of the Gulf countries, analyzing the period 2020–2024. Over the past five years, mutual trade between Central Asia and the Gulf states has increased 4.2 times, reaching $3.3 billion, while accumulated direct investments have risen 1.8 times to $16.2 billion, Podguzov said.

The potential for additional trade between the regions is estimated at $4.9 billion, equivalent to 150% of the current level.

In a recent milestone, the EDB became the first development institution to issue dirham-denominated bonds in Kazakhstan, diversifying its investor base, creating a pricing benchmark for future issuers, and further strengthening financial ties between the Gulf Cooperation Council and Eurasia, he added.



Yanbu Commercial Port Boosts Operational Efficiency by Serving 11 Vessels Simultaneously

The accomplishment builds on the vital role of Yanbu Commercial Port in strengthening Saudi Arabia's maritime transport system. (SPA)
The accomplishment builds on the vital role of Yanbu Commercial Port in strengthening Saudi Arabia's maritime transport system. (SPA)
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Yanbu Commercial Port Boosts Operational Efficiency by Serving 11 Vessels Simultaneously

The accomplishment builds on the vital role of Yanbu Commercial Port in strengthening Saudi Arabia's maritime transport system. (SPA)
The accomplishment builds on the vital role of Yanbu Commercial Port in strengthening Saudi Arabia's maritime transport system. (SPA)

Saudi Arabia’s Yanbu Commercial Port achieved a new operational milestone by successfully serving 11 vessels simultaneously of various sizes and cargo capacities, reflecting the port's high level of operational readiness, reported the Saudi Press Agency on Monday.

The achievement underscores the efficiency of the port's operations and its ability to manage maritime and commercial traffic with a high degree of effectiveness.

It contributes to smoother import and export activities and supports the continuity of supply chains in accordance with the highest operational and logistical standards.

The accomplishment builds on the vital role of Yanbu Commercial Port in strengthening Saudi Arabia's maritime transport system and reinforcing its position as a key logistics hub on the Red Sea coast.

It also supports economic growth and enhances the competitiveness of the maritime and commercial sectors.


IMF Ready to Help Africa Weather Middle East Shock, Says Zeidane

 Workers sort avocados for export to Chinese markets, at the Sunripe fresh fruits exporters factory in Limuru district of Kiambu County near Nairobi, Kenya June 4, 2026. (Reuters)
Workers sort avocados for export to Chinese markets, at the Sunripe fresh fruits exporters factory in Limuru district of Kiambu County near Nairobi, Kenya June 4, 2026. (Reuters)
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IMF Ready to Help Africa Weather Middle East Shock, Says Zeidane

 Workers sort avocados for export to Chinese markets, at the Sunripe fresh fruits exporters factory in Limuru district of Kiambu County near Nairobi, Kenya June 4, 2026. (Reuters)
Workers sort avocados for export to Chinese markets, at the Sunripe fresh fruits exporters factory in Limuru district of Kiambu County near Nairobi, Kenya June 4, 2026. (Reuters)

The International Monetary Fund's new Africa chief, Zeine Zeidane, said that conflict in the Middle East has created difficulties for sub-Saharan Africa but reaffirmed the fund's commitment to aiding nations under economic strain.

Zeidane, who assumed his role as Director of the IMF's African Department on May 1, oversees operations and engagement with 45 countries across the region.

"My immediate priority is really to help countries in ‌the region to weather ‌this shock," Zeidane said at ‌a ⁠media briefing.

The IMF ⁠has already reached staff-level agreements to provide augmented financing in response to the conflict's effects for Burkina Faso, The Gambia and São Tomé and Príncipe.

For Ethiopia, which has a large IMF program in place, Zeidane said the fund accelerated about $200 million ⁠in financing.

Zeidane warned that disruptions linked to ‌the Middle East conflict could ‌take months to resolve, noting that a ceasefire was already ‌in place but that Gulf nations had ‌indicated it typically takes six to seven months for production and exports to resume fully.

He added that the Middle East's role as a significant exporter of fertilizers would have ‌far-reaching implications for Africa's food security and production costs.

Despite immediate challenges, Zeidane expressed ⁠optimism over ⁠sub-Saharan Africa's long-term prospects, noting that prior to the current crisis, the region was among the fastest-growing globally and had made strides in fiscal consolidation.

"The future, the next growth engine for the world, will be Africa," he said. "We need to support Africa to unlock its potential."

Zeidane, who began his IMF career in 2012, previously served as Mauritania's prime minister, central bank governor and economic adviser to the president. He succeeded Abebe Aemro Selassie, who retired from the IMF in May.


The High Cost of Hormuz: $37 Billion Shock Exposes Iraq’s Economic Vulnerability

A drone view shows oil trucks arriving from Iraq on their way to the Baniyas oil terminal, Syria, May 14, 2026.  (Reuters)
A drone view shows oil trucks arriving from Iraq on their way to the Baniyas oil terminal, Syria, May 14, 2026. (Reuters)
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The High Cost of Hormuz: $37 Billion Shock Exposes Iraq’s Economic Vulnerability

A drone view shows oil trucks arriving from Iraq on their way to the Baniyas oil terminal, Syria, May 14, 2026.  (Reuters)
A drone view shows oil trucks arriving from Iraq on their way to the Baniyas oil terminal, Syria, May 14, 2026. (Reuters)

The recent regional war and the closure of the Strait of Hormuz have pushed Iraq’s economy into one of its most serious crises in decades. The massive financial losses are more than just another consequence of regional conflict; they have exposed Iraq’s near-total dependence on a single maritime export route.

As Baghdad struggles to finance public-sector salaries through domestic borrowing and the use of foreign-exchange reserves, the crisis has renewed scrutiny of years of poor planning, corruption, and political obstruction of strategic projects, such as the Basra-Aqaba oil pipeline, initiatives that could have provided alternative export routes and a safety net for the country’s most important source of income.

Financial and energy analysts estimate Iraq’s losses at more than $37 billion, a severe blow to an economy that relies overwhelmingly on oil revenues.

The disruption has forced authorities to draw on domestic debt and accumulated reserves to cover monthly salary and pension obligations estimated at roughly $6.5 billion.

Slow recovery

Although the conflict appears to be winding down and the Oil Ministry has expressed optimism about resuming production, energy experts caution that Iraqi oil fields may require months to return to their prewar output levels.

Before the crisis, Iraq produced more than 4.2 million barrels per day, including approximately 3.5 million barrels exported to international markets.

Observers said the consequences extend beyond the immediate financial shock caused by the freezing of oil revenues. The conflict revealed a “dangerous strategic vulnerability”: Iraq’s overwhelming reliance on southern Gulf export terminals and the Strait of Hormuz as the sole outlet for its most valuable resource.

The crisis has also revived debate over decades of mismanagement and inadequate planning in one of the country’s most vital economic sectors.

Oil trucks arrive from Iraq, on their way to the Baniyas oil terminal, in Qamishli, Syria, May 11, 2026. (Reuters)

A single export gateway

Over previous decades, Iraq possessed several overland export routes, including the Kirkuk–Ceyhan pipeline to Türkiye, the Iraq-Saudi pipeline, and the historic Kirkuk-Haifa and Kirkuk-Baniyas lines. Most have been out of service for years because of wars, political instability, and security challenges.

Successive governments sought to revive export diversification. Among the most significant proposals was the Basra-Aqaba pipeline, championed during the administration of former Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi. The project would transport crude oil from southern Iraq to Jordan’s Red Sea port of Aqaba.

Energy specialists regard it as a strategic asset that could have reduced Iraq’s dependence on Gulf shipping routes. Political disputes and regional pressures, however, prevented its implementation.

Limited alternatives

As the crisis intensified and oil revenues dwindled, Iraq attempted to expand exports through Türkiye, Syria, and Jordan. Energy experts said those efforts achieved only marginal results.

Contrary to reports that Iraq was exporting oil through 700 tanker trucks through Syria, former Oil Ministry spokesman Asim Jihad said exports through Syrian territory amount to no more than 200 tankers per day.

He told Asharq Al-Awsat that Iraq is exporting fuel oil rather than crude oil through Syria to avoid bottlenecks at producing fields.

Such shipments, he added, are operationally complex and generate only limited revenue compared with normal export volumes.

On the northern route, Jihad noted that Iraq exports between 150,000 and 200,000 barrels per day through the Kurdistan Region’s pipeline to the port of Ceyhan in Türkiye.

Meanwhile, the older federal pipeline linking Kirkuk to Ceyhan remains out of service because of extensive damage that has yet to be repaired.

A drone view shows the Rumaila oil field in Basra, Iraq, June 8, 2026. (Reuters)

Jihad expressed little optimism that Iraq can establish major alternative export corridors outside the Gulf in the near future, citing time constraints, high costs, and political complications.

He also voiced uncertainty about negotiations with Ankara over future export agreements through Ceyhan, particularly as existing arrangements are set to expire at the end of July.

“The only option left for Iraq is to hope that no new conflict erupts in the Gulf that would once again close the Strait of Hormuz and deprive the country of its primary source of income,” he added.

Cost of the blockade

The Eco Iraq Observatory estimated that Iraq has lost roughly 350 million barrels of oil exports since the Strait of Hormuz was closed on February 28, representing missed sales worth approximately $37.7 billion at average market prices during the period.

According to the organization, Iraq had been exporting between 103 million and 107 million barrels of crude oil per month before the closure. Export losses reached 84.4 million barrels in March, 93.1 million in April, 92.8 million in May, and 79.6 million in June.

Eco Iraq argued that the “New Levant” initiative — a regional economic integration project involving Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt — has become a strategic necessity.

The plan envisions deeper economic cooperation, infrastructure links, and alternative export routes, including the shipment of Iraqi oil through Jordan to Egyptian ports, reducing dependence on geopolitically vulnerable maritime corridors.