IBM CEO to Asharq Al-Awsat: Saudi Arabia Enters AI Implementation Phase

IBM: Saudi Arabia should use digital technologies to boost productivity and make them part of the workforce, not just an added technology layer.
IBM: Saudi Arabia should use digital technologies to boost productivity and make them part of the workforce, not just an added technology layer.
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IBM CEO to Asharq Al-Awsat: Saudi Arabia Enters AI Implementation Phase

IBM: Saudi Arabia should use digital technologies to boost productivity and make them part of the workforce, not just an added technology layer.
IBM: Saudi Arabia should use digital technologies to boost productivity and make them part of the workforce, not just an added technology layer.

At IBM Think 2026 in Boston, IBM’s bet on Saudi Arabia went beyond expanding its role in AI infrastructure. The US technology company sought to position itself as a partner in a tougher phase, turning that investment into large-scale industrial and institutional execution.

That message came through in remarks by IBM Chief Executive Arvind Krishna to Asharq Al-Awsat. Speaking about the kingdom and the challenge it now faces, Krishna said infrastructure is not the problem in itself, adding that what needs to be done on that front is already largely clear.

It is now closer to a matter of spending and execution than a strategic dilemma.

But Krishna quickly shifted to what he sees as the more important question: how these technologies can improve citizens’ lives and help new industries emerge faster.

Krishna linked Saudi Arabia’s AI path to broader economic and operational needs. He said the kingdom, given its population size and development ambitions, needs digital tools that raise operational capacity and productivity. Digital technologies and AI, he said, should become “part of the workforce” and help lift productivity over the long term.

Beyond infrastructure

To make his point, Krishna did not use a purely technical example. He turned instead to a Saudi case tied to Hajj, tourism, and related services.

He said that if Saudi Arabia wants to receive tens of millions of visitors, it cannot simply bring in millions more workers to run hospitality, logistics, and services.

Digitalization and AI must become part of the solution, he said, allowing those sectors to scale within five years rather than twenty.

The discussion, in other words, moved beyond energy and major government projects. It extended into services, the daily economy, and how they can grow faster. Krishna said he sees little disagreement over the kingdom’s vision.

The challenge now, he added, is the cultural and operational adoption of technology across industries.

A new operating model

That Saudi reading fit the broader message Krishna pressed throughout the conference.

In his keynote, he presented AI not as a tool to improve certain functions or speed up tasks, but as the start of a new “operating model” for institutions.

The question, he said, is no longer about budget size or computing investment. It is about how deeply AI is embedded in business operations, and whether it becomes part of the institution itself or remains on the margins.

Krishna supported that argument with figures meant to show that the debate has moved beyond promises. He spoke of the potential to achieve productivity gains of around 40% by 2030.

He said more than two-thirds of organizations plan to reinvest those gains in innovation and growth, rather than treating them only as cost cuts.

He also said IBM itself has achieved $4.5 billion in annual productivity gains from using AI and automation inside its own operations.

With that message, IBM seemed to tell the market that AI is no longer just a technology upgrade or a new tool. It is becoming a business model issue.

Redesigning the enterprise

In an “Ask Me Anything” session, Krishna compared many current AI uses to the “light bulb” phase of the electricity era. They are useful and convenient, he said, but they do not fundamentally change how a company operates.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, he said real transformation begins when AI is used to rebuild processes from end to end, across procurement, human resources, accounts payable, compliance, and other functions.

Only then does the real impact appear, and productivity in some areas can rise sharply.

IBM is no longer framing AI as an assistant for some employees. It is presenting it as an operating layer that must move into the heart of the institution.

The Saudi market moves to scale

IBM’s view of the Saudi market follows the same logic.

In a separate interview with Asharq Al-Awsat, Ayman AlRashed, IBM’s regional vice president in Saudi Arabia, said companies in the kingdom are moving from “isolated experiments” to “deployment at scale.” AI, he said, is no longer a side addition, but “a core part of how companies operate and compete.”

AlRashed said computing power is no longer the main bottleneck. The bigger challenges are now “AI-ready data, governance, and enterprise execution.”

He said the sectors closest to moving AI from pilots to large-scale production are banking and financial services, telecommunications, energy, and government. Progress in those sectors, he said, depends on data maturity, clear regulatory frameworks, and operational scale.

AlRashed added that the sovereignty debate in Saudi Arabia is no longer limited to where data is stored. It now includes how workloads are governed while running, especially as AI moves into more sensitive and regulated environments.

Saudi clients, he said, are asking sharper questions about return on investment, ranging from cost savings and higher productivity to lower risk and measurable outcomes, rather than merely focusing on launching new pilots.

In that sense, IBM’s local reading echoed Krishna’s message on stage in Boston. The Saudi market lacks neither ambition nor infrastructure. It is entering a phase in which AI will be measured by its ability to deliver real operational impact within institutions.

Sovereignty as operating power

Other parts of IBM’s message made its Saudi positioning more coherent.

This year, the company presented hybrid infrastructure, digital sovereignty, live data, automation, and governance as connected elements, not separate products.

Krishna repeatedly said countries and institutions need infrastructure they can control, systems that cannot be shut down, tampered with, or exposed to geopolitical risk, including disruptions to undersea cables.

In Saudi Arabia, that message carries added weight. Sovereignty over infrastructure is not an end in itself. It is part of the ability to run AI across strategic sectors with flexibility and stability over the long term.

Aramco takes the stage

Saudi Aramco’s Senior Vice President for Digital and Information Technology, Sami Al-Ajmi, appeared on the opening stage at IBM Think 2026 as the practical example IBM wanted to highlight.

IBM did not put Aramco in the spotlight simply to present it as a major client or longtime partner. It used Aramco as proof that the move from pilots to industrial execution is no longer theoretical.

Krishna recalled that the relationship between the two companies dates back to 1947, when IBM helped install Aramco’s first information processing system, the first of its kind in Saudi Arabia. But the conference was not focused only on that history. It was focused on what the relationship looks like today.

Al-Ajmi said the relationship is no longer one between a vendor and a buyer. It has become “a strategic alliance around joint innovation.” He said IBM’s opening in Saudi Arabia brought the company closer to Aramco and helped “localize some expertise.”

He summed up the shift in a phrase that captured IBM’s message: “Eighty years ago we were buying machines from IBM, today we are working together to build the future of digital technologies.”

In that sense, IBM is no longer presenting itself only as a technology seller. It is presenting itself as a partner that wants to help build the kingdom’s next industrial AI use cases.

From pilots to the field

The strongest part of Al-Ajmi’s remarks was his definition of what Aramco wants from AI.

He said the company is “not interested in proofs of concept or early experiments.” It wants to “move ideas from the lab into the field.”

That statement placed Aramco at the center of IBM’s message this year. The next phase, IBM argues, will not be won by the number of experiments a company launches. It will be won by the ability to build a real and operational AI model.

Al-Ajmi said the two sides can “close the loop from idea to impact” by identifying real problems, designing solutions, testing them, and scaling them when they work.

His figures gave weight to that argument. Aramco generates nearly 10 billion data points a day from its assets, he said, describing data as “the fuel of the AI journey.”

He also said Aramco has trained more than 6,000 AI specialists, speeding up idea generation and deployment and bringing the technology closer to field operations.

Al-Ajmi said digital technology initiatives created $5.2 billion in value last year, with “more than 50%” of that coming from AI deployments.

With those numbers, Aramco was not talking about AI’s theoretical promise. It was talking about direct financial and operational impact.

AI and energy

Al-Ajmi added another important dimension. AI, he said, is changing the energy sector in two ways at once. It raises efficiency and reliability while lowering costs, but it also increases energy demand.

He pointed to practical applications within Aramco, including petrophysical models that address rock formations and fluids, enhancing reserve value, reducing drilling time, and lowering costs. He also cited global optimization tools that provide a full view of assets and help improve refinery and petrochemical margins, an “engineering adviser” that supports engineers in the field, and AI applications in finance and supply chains.

AI at Aramco, in other words, is no longer a limited office tool or a digital assistant. It is spreading across the value chain.

IBM’s Saudi bet

In Boston, IBM was not making a conventional technology pitch to Saudi Arabia. It was offering a full narrative.

Infrastructure matters, but the real challenge begins after it is built. The vision exists, but adoption and execution will decide the outcome. AI will not prove its value in the kingdom through demonstrations, but by entering energy, tourism, services, government, and finance as part of how those sectors operate.

IBM’s message from Boston was not that Saudi Arabia simply needs more computing power. It is that the kingdom is entering a phase in which AI will be judged by its ability to change how institutions and industries operate on the ground.



Saudi Real Estate Developers Move to Capitalize on New Foreign Ownership Rules

A general view of buildings and homes in the Saudi capital, Riyadh (File photo: Reuters)
A general view of buildings and homes in the Saudi capital, Riyadh (File photo: Reuters)
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Saudi Real Estate Developers Move to Capitalize on New Foreign Ownership Rules

A general view of buildings and homes in the Saudi capital, Riyadh (File photo: Reuters)
A general view of buildings and homes in the Saudi capital, Riyadh (File photo: Reuters)

Saudi Arabia's real estate market has entered a new phase of testing the practical impact of the executive regulations governing property ownership by non-Saudis, as listed developers move swiftly beyond welcoming the decision and the initial positive market reaction to translating it into strategic growth plans.

While the sector index has extended its early gains on expectations that the new rules will broaden international demand, the competitive advantage is beginning to shift toward companies with high-quality assets that are ready to be marketed and sold.

The real estate index on the Saudi stock market posted a sharp gain following the announcement, rising from 2,924 points to 3,044 points. The increase was driven by investor expectations that allowing non-Saudis to own property under specific regulations would expand demand for Saudi real estate assets, particularly in cities and projects with strong investment and religious appeal.

Real estate stocks led the market's gainers in the session following the announcement. Shares of Umm Al Qura for Development and Construction (Masar) hit the daily 10 percent limit, while Knowledge Economic City rose about 9.3 percent. Jabal Omar Development, Retal, Emaar The Economic City, and Makkah Construction and Development also posted strong gains.

Financial and economic adviser Dr. Hussein Al Attas told Asharq Al-Awsat that allowing non-Saudis to own property represents an important structural shift for Saudi Arabia's real estate market, but said the impact will not be uniform across all developers. Instead, the market will increasingly differentiate between companies with attractive assets and projects in locations targeted by international investors and those without them.

Master plan of the Masar Makkah destination (Masar)

He added that asset quality, location, financial strength, the size of developable land holdings, and the ability to attract international investors will be among the key factors determining how much companies benefit from the decision in the coming period.

Al Attas expects the sector to perform positively over the medium to long term. However, he said the real impact of the decision will ultimately be measured by companies' ability to turn this opening into actual sales, partnerships, and cash flows, rather than by the initial rise in share prices following the announcement.

In the first concrete move by a listed company since the regulations were approved, Jabal Omar Development on Sunday outlined its strategy for capitalizing on the decision after its project in Makkah was included within the geographic areas where non-Saudis are permitted to own property.

The company said the decision would broaden its base of potential investors and property owners among Muslims around the world, supporting demand for its real estate assets. It also announced plans to offer 400 existing hotel residential units for sale this year as the first phase of the program, with the proceeds earmarked to reduce debt and lower financing costs.

The company also plans to redesign the seventh and final phase of the project by increasing the number of hotel residential units available for sale while making greater use of off-plan sales programs to reduce financing requirements and strengthen reliance on internally generated liquidity.

Al Attas said the market's response to the regulations has unfolded in two stages. The first was a broad wave of optimism that lifted most real estate companies. The second has begun as investors seek to identify the companies best positioned to convert the decision into tangible growth in sales, cash flow, and profitability.

The decision to allow non-Saudis to own property forms part of a broader package of measures introduced by the Kingdom in recent months to restore balance to the real estate market and strengthen its investment appeal.

These measures include allowing the sale, purchase, and development of land in new areas north of Riyadh, increasing fees on undeveloped land, imposing fees on vacant properties, and freezing annual rent increases in Riyadh for five years.

The decision also coincides with signs of improving real estate and construction activity across the Kingdom. The construction sector returned to growth in May, supported by stronger residential building activity and renewed growth in new orders.

Although the full impact of the regulations will take time to emerge, recent moves by real estate developers indicate that the market has already begun shifting from expectations to execution as companies seek to attract a new segment of investors and buyers from outside the Kingdom.


China Imposes New Export Controls, Deepening Japan Row

FILE PHOTO: A China yuan banknote featuring late Chinese chairman Mao Zedong and a computer keyboard are seen reflected on an image of Chinese flag in this illustration picture taken November 1, 2019.  REUTERS/Florence Lo/Illustration/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A China yuan banknote featuring late Chinese chairman Mao Zedong and a computer keyboard are seen reflected on an image of Chinese flag in this illustration picture taken November 1, 2019. REUTERS/Florence Lo/Illustration/File Photo
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China Imposes New Export Controls, Deepening Japan Row

FILE PHOTO: A China yuan banknote featuring late Chinese chairman Mao Zedong and a computer keyboard are seen reflected on an image of Chinese flag in this illustration picture taken November 1, 2019.  REUTERS/Florence Lo/Illustration/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A China yuan banknote featuring late Chinese chairman Mao Zedong and a computer keyboard are seen reflected on an image of Chinese flag in this illustration picture taken November 1, 2019. REUTERS/Florence Lo/Illustration/File Photo

China put 20 more Japanese organizations on a blacklist Monday over the export of items with both military and civilian possible uses, adding fuel to a months-long row with Tokyo.

The new additions, including major companies, "have participated in enhancing Japan's military capabilities", the Chinese commerce ministry said in a statement.

Japan's government spokesman Minoru Kihara called the measures "unacceptable and deeply regrettable" and said Tokyo had "lodged a strong protest and demanded that the measures be withdrawn."

The countries' have been at row since Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi suggested in November that Tokyo may react militarily to an attack on Taiwan, the self-ruled island Beijing has vowed to seize control by force if necessary.

China responded furiously, including by advising its citizens -- previously the biggest cohort of foreign tourists -- to avoid Japan.

Chinese authorities ramped up pressure in February by imposing export restrictions on dozens of Japanese firms it said were involved in building up Tokyo's military.

The 20 additions to the export blacklist named Monday include specialized subsidiaries and technology firms involved in supplying components and engineering support for Japan's defense sector.

Among them are the National Institute for Defense Studies and Mitsubishi Electric Defense and Space Technologies Corporation, the statement said.

China's commerce ministry said the controls require exporters to submit risk assessments and guarantees that dual-use items will not enhance Japanese military strength prior to making shipments.

Those named on the watchlist can apply to be removed by cooperating with "verification" procedures according to Chinese law, the ministry said.

China is the world's largest producer and refiner of rare earths, which are crucial for various high-tech products including electric vehicles, smartphones, missile guidance systems and lasers.

Japan has "strayed further down the wrong path, intensifying its push for a 'new form of militarism'", an unnamed commerce ministry spokesperson said in a statement on the latest measures.

- China-Russia patrols -

Since Takaichi took office in October, Japan has quickened its pivot towards a more proactive defense policy, further shaking off -- with US encouragement -- a pacifist outlook, which has been in place since the end of World War II.

Tokyo has loosened rules on exports of lethal weaponry and deepened military cooperation with other countries in the region at odds with China including the Philippines.

Japan and the United States, as well as many other countries, are seeking to curb dependence on China in rare earths, as Beijing increasingly uses its dominance for geopolitical leverage.

Japan on Monday also joined South Korea in criticizing joint flights by Chinese and Russian bombers and fighters over the weekend in the region.

Fellow US allies South Korea and Japan both scrambled fighter jets in response to the patrols by the convoy of around 15 aircraft on Saturday.

"This marks the 10th instance of such long-range activities by Chinese and Russian bombers in the vicinity of Japan since December last year," Japanese government spokesman Kihara said Monday.

Beijing's defense ministry said that the Chinese and Russian air forces conducted a "strategic air patrol" over the Sea of Japan, the East China Sea and the western Pacific Ocean, "demonstrating their determination and capability to jointly uphold regional peace and stability".

Tokyo last week also rejected Beijing's accusations that the Japanese military "harassed" a Chinese aircraft carrier strike group during 40 days of exercises in the Pacific.

 


EU, China Trade Tensions Loom over Minister Visit

Chinese Commerce Minister Wang Wentao will meet his EU counterpart Maros Sefcovic in Brussels. Pedro PARDO, Annabelle GORDON / AFP/File
Chinese Commerce Minister Wang Wentao will meet his EU counterpart Maros Sefcovic in Brussels. Pedro PARDO, Annabelle GORDON / AFP/File
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EU, China Trade Tensions Loom over Minister Visit

Chinese Commerce Minister Wang Wentao will meet his EU counterpart Maros Sefcovic in Brussels. Pedro PARDO, Annabelle GORDON / AFP/File
Chinese Commerce Minister Wang Wentao will meet his EU counterpart Maros Sefcovic in Brussels. Pedro PARDO, Annabelle GORDON / AFP/File

Europe and China will gauge whether trade frictions can be resolved through talks Monday when top EU trade official Maros Sefcovic hosts his Chinese counterpart Wang Wentao in Brussels for day-long discussions.

The European Union has turned its attention to China as Brussels frets over increasing trade imbalances between the 27-nation bloc and the Asian powerhouse.

The issue is existential for the EU, AFP reported.

Brussels fears it will lose certain industries entirely if it does not act against a glut of cheap goods made in China threatening manufacturers in Europe.

Wang's visit comes less than two weeks after EU leaders tasked the European Commission with tackling the issue through talks with Beijing -- while simultaneously preparing beefed-up defense measures to protect key sectors.

Sefcovic will tell Wang the current imbalances are unsustainable for the EU before hosting the Chinese minister for a special dinner on Monday evening.

The EU's trade deficit in goods hit around 360 billion euros ($410 billion) in 2025, meaning the bloc imported way more from China than it exported there.

In turn, Wang will likely seek to understand how serious the EU is in threatening to deploy its trade defense armory against Beijing.

But the EU still hopes to avoid a trade war with its second-largest trading partner for goods alone, according to the European Commission -- with China making clear it will retaliate against actions it views as unfair.

Following Trump's playbook?

Europe insists on the need for a level-playing field, pointing out that Chinese firms have an unfair advantage because of massive state subsidies.

The numbers support Brussels' argument. Between 2005 and 2024, Chinese companies received around three to eight times more government support than businesses in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, according to the OECD, which called it "a conservative estimate".

The EU has an arsenal of trade defense tools it can use to address the issue.

These include imposing higher tariffs if investigations prove companies are selling goods at unfairly low prices or if there is state support that gives an unjust advantage to the manufacturers.

Brussels could also slap restrictions known as safeguard measures -- including quotas -- if there is a sudden surge in imports.

New measures are likely also on the way.

The European Commission, which leads EU trade policy, is working on an instrument that would force businesses to diversify their suppliers in critical sectors like chips and rare earths.

And French President Emmanuel Macron in May proposed a European "Section 301" -- the trade tool US President Donald Trump has employed to set higher tariffs for certain sectors after investigations.

'Not enemies'

The EU has taken several measures to confront soaring imports from China including doubling its duties on foreign steel, slapping higher levies on small parcels from abroad and hefty tariffs on Chinese-made electric vehicles.

Despite growing acceptance of the need to get tougher however, Brussels has shown zero appetite for a painful trade war with Beijing.

Beijing warns it is ready to respond to any measures it believes target China.

They are not empty threats for the EU since China previously slapped duties on European cognac and conducted anti-dumping probes into pork and dairy products.

The warning weighs on EU capitals.

Germany has until recently been more cautious since it is more exposed to China's economy but the biggest supporter of a more pragmatic approach has been Spain as it seeks Beijing's investment.

Although he echoed China's retaliation warning last week, Beijing's envoy to the EU Cai Run also urged dialogue as he told a Brussels audience that the bloc and Beijing were "partners, not rivals, and certainly not enemies".

The relationship is significant for China too: the EU is its second-largest trading partner.

After dinner with Sefcovic, Wang will head to London.