The Golden Era of Saudi Culture

Saudi Minister of Culture Bader bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Farhan Al Saud
Saudi Minister of Culture Bader bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Farhan Al Saud
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The Golden Era of Saudi Culture

Saudi Minister of Culture Bader bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Farhan Al Saud
Saudi Minister of Culture Bader bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Farhan Al Saud

We bid farewell to 2023, with all accomplishments and lessons that we learned, welcoming the new year immensely determined to seize new opportunities and enhance our progress. We are intent on continuing our journey at the Ministry of Culture, a journey of big dreams inspired and empowered by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, and His Royal Highness the Crown Prince and Prime Minister - may God protect them. It is a journey grounded in Saudi ingenuity, diverse heritage is the secret to its success, and a bright future is its destination.

Five and a half years in, the journey has made exceptional gains in a record time, making the Saudi experience of institutionalizing the cultural sector unique and inspiring. Dreams have become reality, thanks to the immense support of our wise leadership that believes culture is crucial for the development of humanity and nations, as well as our productive partnership with Saudi intellectuals and creatives, and the tireless efforts of the young Saudi men and women who have been doing diligent work in the cultural sphere.

Although cultural sectors have many branches, the cultural system has operated in the spirit of a united team. Since then, it has succeeded in creating incentives within the sector by launching 500 initiatives to ensure that it evolves across the board and establishing 11 cultural commissions alongside 25 cultural institutions that make us proud. We have shared our inspiring cultural experience with the world through international forums, in order to enhance intellectual and cultural exchange, which contributed to reflecting the unique historical depth and value of Saudi culture.

Over the past few years, we have seen the expansion of our global partnerships with friendly states and international cultural organizations, and the Kingdom has become a cultural and artistic destination that draws visitors from across the world. It has adopted a vision that clearly sees the importance of promoting culture globally through its initiatives, which have received international support and endorsement.

Our journey has contributed to enhancing our national identity through a series of transformative and exceptional initiatives. It has facilitated access to cultural content in every region of the Kingdom, through over 4000 cultural events that drew 11 million visitors. The cultural system’s efforts have raised awareness about the importance of culture and its impact on individuals and society. According to recent studies, 92 percent of the Kingdom's residents now see the importance of culture in their daily lives. The private sector's investment in culture has doubled, and cultural activity now contributes more strongly to our GDP.

Surpassing Three Targets

The cultural system has also made strides in terms of supply, demand, and enabling factors. It has surpassed three of the targets it had set for the year 2030. The number of graduates in fields tied to cultural specialties has increased to more than 28,000, exceeding the target of 26,000. The number of employees in the cultural sectors has leaped to 244,000, whereas the 2030 target was 140,000. Additionally, the target number of Saudi participation in international cultural events was surpassed, with the Kingdom having taken part in 35.

In light of all that has been achieved, our experiences attest to the cultural system's capacity for adapting to change and its flexibility in creating innovative and sustainable operating models. The Saudi experience in facing the major challenge recently encountered by cultural sectors worldwide, COVID-19, is a prime example.

Ambitions for 2024

Looking to the future, we enter the year 2024 with great ambitions. We aim to enhance these gains and supplement them with more achievements in a rapidly evolving and changing world. Several major shifts that will impact the cultural sector over the next few years are emerging, creating new opportunities. While social transformations and consumer preferences affect the sector, they fundamentally help the system with planning. Global economic shifts push the cultural sector to adopt new approaches so that it can continue to thrive. It also highlights the significance of funding and support, while technological developments offer infinite opportunities for growth and contribute to creating new spaces.

Three Fundamental Pillars

The priorities of Saudi Arabia's cultural system, starting from the new year, will be founded on three fundamental pillars: culture for enhancing creative endeavors and community participation, economic growth, and national pride and global exchange. The focus is on achieving further progress, whether in terms of supply, by incentivizing innovation, production, and publication, demand (awareness and consumption), or enabling factors such as funding, education, vocational training, laws and regulations, and technology.

We are determined to strengthen our international partnerships and encourage plans for integrating culture into other public policies and ensuring that they complement one another to ensure that we achieve sustainable development goals across the globe. We are also determined to protect global heritage from challenges like climate change, conflicts, and other risks, and to contribute, with friends around the world, to safeguarding cultural treasures, which are part of our human civilization.
Enhancing and preserving culture is not only a fundamental need but also a civilizational responsibility.

Thus, we will continue to pursue Saudi Vision 2030. The journey of the Ministry of Culture will reach the middle of the journey towards 2030 in June. We have no choice but to fulfill the aspirations of our leadership and the ambitions of our country, which deserves to see forms of culture flourish. We would thereby enrich individual lifestyles, reinforce our national identity, and encourage cultural dialogue with the world.

 

Facts

 11 Million Visitors were drawn by 4,000 cultural activities in Saudi Arabia

 



Culture Ministry Continues Preparations in Historic Jeddah to Welcome Visitors during Ramadan 

Historic Jeddah has emerged as a leading cultural tourism destination during Ramadan. (SPA)
Historic Jeddah has emerged as a leading cultural tourism destination during Ramadan. (SPA)
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Culture Ministry Continues Preparations in Historic Jeddah to Welcome Visitors during Ramadan 

Historic Jeddah has emerged as a leading cultural tourism destination during Ramadan. (SPA)
Historic Jeddah has emerged as a leading cultural tourism destination during Ramadan. (SPA)

The Saudi Ministry of Culture is continuing its efforts to revitalize Historic Jeddah in preparation for welcoming visitors during the holy month of Ramadan, offering cultural programs, events, and heritage experiences that reflect the authenticity of the past.

The district has emerged as a leading cultural tourism destination at this time of year as part of the “The Heart of Ramadan” campaign launched by the Saudi Tourism Authority.

Visitors are provided the opportunity to explore the district’s attractions, including archaeological sites located within the geographical boundaries of the UNESCO World Heritage-listed area, which represent a central component of the Kingdom’s urban and cultural heritage.

The area also features museums that serve as gateways to understanding the city’s rich heritage and cultural development, in addition to traditional markets that narrate historical stories through locally made products and Ramadan specialties that reflect authentic traditions.

These initiatives are part of the ministry’s ongoing efforts to revitalize Historic Jeddah in line with the objectives of Saudi Vision 2030 and aiming to transform it into a vibrant hub for arts, culture, and the creative economy, while preserving its tangible and intangible heritage.


Thousands of Animals, Rare Specimens Stolen from Sudan Museum

Skulls of several mammals before the destruction (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Skulls of several mammals before the destruction (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Thousands of Animals, Rare Specimens Stolen from Sudan Museum

Skulls of several mammals before the destruction (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Skulls of several mammals before the destruction (Asharq Al-Awsat)

“Everything is over.” With that short and painful phrase, a Sudanese government official summed up the loss of nearly a century and a half of history after war destroyed the headquarters of the Sudan Natural History Museum in central Khartoum, stripping the country of thousands of taxidermied and live endangered animals, as well as rare reference specimens.

In the first days after fighting erupted in April 2023, activists on social media called for food and water to be provided to save the live animals. When that proved impossible, cages were opened, and the animals fled, even though some of the reptiles were venomous snakes.

The museum, officially affiliated with the University of Khartoum, lies about one kilometer from the Sudanese army’s general command headquarters in central Khartoum.

Its close proximity led to severe damage from clashes and shelling between the Sudanese army and the Rapid Support Forces, which later took control of the surrounding area for more than a year.

Dr. Othman Ali Haj Al-Amin, Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of Khartoum, said: “We lost thousands of taxidermied animals, birds, and reptiles that are more than 150 years old.”

“It is most likely that the live animals were stolen or looted and did not die,” he added. “We did not find remains or skeletons of those animals inside the museum.”

Al-Amin broke down in tears as he described to Asharq Al-Awsat the scale of devastation inflicted on one of the world’s oldest natural history museums.

“We lost about 2,000 taxidermied animal specimens, in addition to more than 600 endangered reference specimens that were on display, and nearly all geological records, including animal, plant, and rock fossils,” he said.

“The greatest loss was around 100 species representing all families of animals, birds, and reptiles that had been cared for and preserved for decades.”

Among them were fossil bird specimens collected between 1885 and 1945 that cannot be replaced, as well as a Kordofan giraffe, an endangered subspecies.

The war also claimed “the oldest crocodile, which had lived in the museum for many years and had been cared for since it was an egg,” along with numerous reptiles, including venomous snakes, scorpions, and a Nile monitor lizard.

A taxidermied lioness was recovered and transferred to the university’s veterinary faculty.

Asharq Al-Awsat learned that the International Committee of the Red Cross attempted in those early days to evacuate civilians, including university students who were trapped inside the museum for weeks, as well as to move live and taxidermied animals. The effort failed due to intense fighting in the heart of Khartoum.

According to the Sudanese official, the preserved specimens were collected in the mid-19th century by British army officers.

During World War II, they were transferred from the Sudan National Museum to the Natural History Museum next to the University of Khartoum, which has managed them since its establishment in 1929.

Al-Amin said the museum housed specimens illustrating biodiversity from across Sudan, including South Sudan before its secession, as well as samples gifted to Sudan by international museums.

The Sudan Natural History Museum included multiple sections, among them halls displaying rare bird species, another devoted to animal skulls preserved for decades, a section for medicinal and aromatic plants, geological rock samples collected from ancient eras and environments, and enclosures for live animals.

The dean said restoring the museum to its original state would require many years of work and significant funding. He voiced pessimism about recovering the rare animals, historical specimens, and old records lost during the war.

Many live animals were likely deliberately killed or died of hunger and thirst, he said, while taxidermied animals and rare rock and herb specimens — painstakingly collected, sorted, and classified over many years by researchers — were looted.

The Natural History Museum was a scientific and cultural institution dedicated to the study of biodiversity and natural specimens, and one of the oldest museums in Sudan.


Once a National Obsession, Traditional Korean Wrestling Fights for Survival 

An elderly spectator watches a ssireum match during a Lunar New Year Ssireum championship at the Taean Complex Indoor Gymnasium in Taean, South Korea, February 14, 2026. (Reuters)
An elderly spectator watches a ssireum match during a Lunar New Year Ssireum championship at the Taean Complex Indoor Gymnasium in Taean, South Korea, February 14, 2026. (Reuters)
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Once a National Obsession, Traditional Korean Wrestling Fights for Survival 

An elderly spectator watches a ssireum match during a Lunar New Year Ssireum championship at the Taean Complex Indoor Gymnasium in Taean, South Korea, February 14, 2026. (Reuters)
An elderly spectator watches a ssireum match during a Lunar New Year Ssireum championship at the Taean Complex Indoor Gymnasium in Taean, South Korea, February 14, 2026. (Reuters)

As South Korea's global cultural influence expands in areas such as music, film and television, one form of entertainment struggling to attract attention even at home is Korea's traditional style of wrestling, known as ssireum.

Ssireum - pronounced like "see room" - had its heyday in the 1980s and early 1990s, when there were as many as eight professional teams and the top wrestlers became household names. Since then, it has been squeezed by tighter budgets and a public quick to move on to new trends.

Twenty-year-old Lee Eun-soo, who began training at the age ‌of nine, is ‌taking part in this year's Lunar New Year ‌tournament, ⁠the showcase event ⁠for the more than 1,500-year-old sport.

Lee lamented that at his former high school, the ssireum team currently has no members and there is talk of disbanding it.

"I once tried to imagine my life if I hadn’t done ssireum," Lee said. "I don’t think I could live without it."

A ssireum match involves two wrestlers facing off in an ⁠eight-meter (26.25 ft) sandpit ring, gripping each other by a ‌cloth belt called a "satba" and using ‌strength, balance, timing and stamina to force the opponent to the ground.

Ssireum ‌was inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage ‌of Humanity in 2018, but that international recognition has not translated into commercial success. Its relative obscurity contrasts with the high profile of Japan's sumo, another centuries-old form of wrestling.

Unlike sumo, which is supported by ‌a centralized professional ranking system and six major annual tournaments - or Olympic wrestling, with its global reach - ⁠ssireum remains ⁠largely domestic.

"Sport is something people won't come to watch if they don’t know the wrestlers or even the sport itself," said Lee Tae-hyun, a former ssireum wrestler and Professor of Martial Arts at Yong In University, who has promoted the sport overseas and believes it has commercial potential with the right backing.

Lee Hye-soo, 25, a spectator at the Lunar New Year tournament, said many Koreans are now unfamiliar with ssireum.

"My grandfather liked watching ssireum, so I watched it with him a lot when I was young," she said.

"I like it now too, but I think it would be even better if it became more famous."