FAO: Conflicts in Middle East Hamstring Efforts to Eradicate Hunger

FAO Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative, Abdessalam Ould Ahmed during the report's launch in Cairo, Egypt (Asharq Al-Awsat)
FAO Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative, Abdessalam Ould Ahmed during the report's launch in Cairo, Egypt (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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FAO: Conflicts in Middle East Hamstring Efforts to Eradicate Hunger

FAO Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative, Abdessalam Ould Ahmed during the report's launch in Cairo, Egypt (Asharq Al-Awsat)
FAO Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative, Abdessalam Ould Ahmed during the report's launch in Cairo, Egypt (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) called for increasing the cooperation and solidarity among the countries of the Near East and North Africa region to eradicate hunger, which affects about 40 million people in the region, according to official figures.

The organization also requested intensifying the efforts to end conflicts and achieve development after food insecurity levels in conflict countries were six times higher than that of more stable countries of the region.

FAO estimates that about 55.2 million people suffer from acute food insecurity in the region, confirming that 10.2 percent of the region's population suffer from malnutrition, while 12 percent suffer from food insecurity.

FAO Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative, Abdessalam Ould Ahmed reiterated importance of establishing resilient and sustainable peace in the region is important for improving the well-being of the population.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Ould Ahmed stressed that no country in the region can succeed on its own because the countries are linked, adding that it is necessary to work together to compensate "lost opportunities" in comprehensive development, including food security.

In Cairo, FAO launched its 2017 report "Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in the Near East and North Africa (NENA)" which highlights in particular how an ongoing intensification of violence is opening a wide "hunger gap" between countries being affected by conflicts and those that are not.

The report indicated that in countries directly impacted by conflict, 27.2 percent of all people were chronically hungry, or undernourished, during the 2014-2016 period, which is six times higher than the share of the population that was undernourished in countries not affected by strife.

Meanwhile, "severe food insecurity", one of FAO's metrics to measure hunger, in conflict-affected countries now is double that in non-conflict countries.

In a region largely made up of developing, middle-income countries, chronic hunger typically affects less than 5 percent of their populations. Violence in some of these countries has seen the proportion of chronically hungry people in conflict zones increase to levels comparable with the world's poorest countries.

This will make realistic progress towards eradicating hunger in the region using traditional tools of policy-making difficult, unless decisive steps towards peace and stability are taken, the report cautions.

The report highlights several regional countries being particularly affected by conflict, with profound consequences for people's incomes and food security.

In Syria, violence has provoked a 67 percent reduction in the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and severely undermined food security, as between 70 and 80 percent of Syrians now need humanitarian assistance, while 50 percent require food assistance.

In Iraq, the report stated that violence led to a 58 percent decline in GDP, with 30 percent of the population needing humanitarian assistance while 9 percent requires food assistance.

As for Yemen, the conflict led to a situation where 70 to 80 of the population in need of humanitarian assistance and 50 percent require food assistance.

Whereas in Libya, conflict is undermining food security with 6 percent of the population in need of food assistance, according to the report.

During the launch ceremony, FAO Assistant Director-General Ould Ahmed highlighted the pivotal importance of building resilience and sustaining peace in the Near East and North Africa region to improving peoples' well-being.

He pointed to "the growing need to implement long-term and comprehensive policies and practices to achieve Zero hunger by 2030," adding that "when countries in the region are suffering from an escalation of conflicts, the aim to tackle the region's deepest concerns of malnutrition, water scarcity and climate change becomes more challenging but at the same time more urgent".

Ould Ahmed concluded that only through improved cooperation and solidarity will the region be able to end conflicts and violence and get back to development.

FAO's report establishes a baseline for measuring future progress towards achieving the second goal of the SDG in the MENA region using the latest indicators for the SDG targets on hunger and food insecurity and malnutrition.

The report also identifies how conflict itself encumbers SDG monitoring with UN agencies gathering and assessing information on food security and nutrition status during conflict, but the data are not always complete and can be difficult to compare with peacetime data.

Other than statistics, the report focuses on the fundamental factors that improves food security and malnutrition: poverty reduction, economic growth, improvements in maternal and childhood nutrition and public health, increases in the quantity and quality of food and the cessation of violence.



China State Media Warn Trump against Mutually Destructive Tariff War

A shopper walks with his purchases at Plaza Las Americas Mall near the US-Mexico border in San Ysidro, California, on November 26, 2024. (AFP)
A shopper walks with his purchases at Plaza Las Americas Mall near the US-Mexico border in San Ysidro, California, on November 26, 2024. (AFP)
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China State Media Warn Trump against Mutually Destructive Tariff War

A shopper walks with his purchases at Plaza Las Americas Mall near the US-Mexico border in San Ysidro, California, on November 26, 2024. (AFP)
A shopper walks with his purchases at Plaza Las Americas Mall near the US-Mexico border in San Ysidro, California, on November 26, 2024. (AFP)

China's state media warned US President-elect Donald Trump his pledge to slap additional tariffs on Chinese goods over fentanyl flows could drag the world's top two economies into a mutually destructive tariff war.

Trump, who takes office on Jan. 20, said on Monday he would impose "an additional 10% tariff, above any additional tariffs" on imports from China until Beijing clamped down on trafficking of the chemical precursors used to make the deadly drug.

The two superpowers are setting out their positions ahead of the former president's return to the White House. Trump's first term resulted in a trade war that uprooted global supply chains and hurt every economy as inflation and borrowing costs shot up.

Editorials in Chinese communist party mouthpieces China Daily and the Global Times late on Tuesday warned the next occupant of 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue to not make China a "scapegoat" for the US' fentanyl crisis or "take China's goodwill for granted regarding anti-drug cooperation."

"The excuse the president-elect has given to justify his threat of additional tariffs on imports from China is farfetched," China Daily said.

"There are no winners in tariff wars. If the US continues to politicize economic and trade issues by weaponizing tariffs, it will leave no party unscathed."

Economists have begun downgrading their growth targets for China's $19 trillion economy for 2025 and 2026 in anticipation of further tariffs promised by Trump during the election campaign, and are warning Americans to brace for an increase in the cost of living.

"For now, the only thing we know for sure is that the risks in this area are high," said Louis Kuijs, chief Asia economist at S&P Global Ratings, which on Sunday lowered its China growth forecast for 2025 and 2026 to 4.1% and 3.8%, respectively.

"What we assumed in our baseline is an across-the-board (tariff) increase from around 14% now to 25%. Thus, what we assumed is a bit more than the 10% on all imports from China."

Trump is threatening Beijing with far higher tariffs than the 7.5%-25% levied on Chinese goods during his first term.

"China already has a template for dealing with the previous US tariff policy," the Global Times quoted Gao Lingyun, an analyst at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, as saying.

"Using counternarcotics issues to increase tariffs on Chinese goods is untenable and unpersuasive," Gao added.

Chinese President Xi Jinping told former Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong that China's economy would continue to grow and develop in the long-term during a meeting in Beijing on Tuesday after Trump's comments, state news agency Xinhua said.

Lee reportedly told Xi "no one should underestimate the Chinese people's determination for their nation to succeed and stand tall in the world," a remark which a separate Global Times piece said was "also meant for some people in (the) international community."

Profits at Chinese firms fell 10% year-on-year in October, data showed on Wednesday, showing how companies are struggling to remain profitable in an economy that is far more vulnerable to trade shocks this time around.

Economists in a Reuters poll last week expected additional US tariffs ranging from 15% to 60%. Most said Beijing will need to inject more stimulus to boost economic growth and offset pressure on exports.

TRADE WAR TWO

Trump previously said he would introduce tariffs in excess of 60% on Chinese goods.

The threat is rattling China's industrial complex, which sells goods worth more than $400 billion annually to the US and hundreds of billions more in components for products Americans buy from elsewhere.

His pick of trade lawyer Jamieson Greer as new US trade representative elevates a key veteran of Trump's first term trade war against China and points to a bruising four years for trade negotiators the world over.

Greer served as chief of staff to Trump's former US Trade Robert Lighthizer, the architect of Trump's original tariffs on some $370 billion worth of Chinese imports and the renegotiation of the North American free trade deal with Canada and Mexico.

The president-elect looks set to tear up that agreement on his first day in office.

Trump on Monday also pledged 25% tariffs on goods from Mexico and Canada, saying the US' neighbors were not doing enough to stop drugs and migrants crossing their borders.

But China can expect to bear the brunt of Trump's efforts to bring down the US' trade deficit and bring about the "manufacturing renaissance" he promised on the campaign trail.

"What the future will bring on this front is hard to say," S&P Global's Kuijs said. "There are many uncertainties. There is still a large increase to go to get to 60%."