Iraq Signs Deal with China’s Zhenhua Oil as Exxon Mobil Agreement Stalls

Iraqi Oil Minister Jabar al-Luaibi. (Reuters)
Iraqi Oil Minister Jabar al-Luaibi. (Reuters)
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Iraq Signs Deal with China’s Zhenhua Oil as Exxon Mobil Agreement Stalls

Iraqi Oil Minister Jabar al-Luaibi. (Reuters)
Iraqi Oil Minister Jabar al-Luaibi. (Reuters)

Iraq has not yet reached an agreement with Exxon Mobil on a multibillion-dollar project to boost output from several southern oilfields, Oil Minister Jabar al-Luaibi said on Monday.

If no agreement is reached by February, Luaibi told journalists at a signing ceremony for a separate deal, the project would be offered to other companies.

Luaibi had said in October that Iraq was in final talks with Exxon Mobil on developing the project, which consists of building oil pipelines, storage facilities and a seawater supply project to inject water from the Gulf into reservoirs to improve production.

On Monday, the Iraqi oil ministry signed a deal with China’s state-run Zhenhua Oil to develop the southern portion of the East Baghdad oilfield.

The oil ministry expects the costs needed to develop the oilfield could reach $3 billion, said Abdul Mahdi al-Ameedi, who heads the oil ministry’s licensing and contracts office.

Iraq has made significant changes to the new service contract with the Chinese company that links global oil prices and the cost of development, he said.

“It’s a new contract with new amendments which we made to overcome the chokes and lapses in our previous service contracts,” Luaibi told journalists.

The new contact will allow Zhenhua to receive a $3.5 fee for each barrel of crude produced from the oilfield, Ameedi said, and will serve as a model for all upcoming contracts with international companies.

“The East Baghdad contract was drafted in a way to significantly minimize the cost of oilfield developments. This contract will be a model for the following oil deals,” he said.

Iraq plans to utilize 20 million cubic feet of gas produced as a by-product of oil production from the East Baghdad oilfield to supply a nearby power station, Ameedi said.

He said he expects the signing of the East Baghdad final deal to take place in March.

The head of the state-run Midland Oil Company, Jalal Ahmed, told reporters that the increase of crude output from East Baghdad oilfield, which he said was now producing 10,000 barrels per day, will be used to feed a nearby major electricity station near Baghdad.

Jalal also said his company has plans to upgrade production from the Neft Khana oilfield near the Iranian border to 8,000 barrels per day from the current 2,000.

In addition, Luaibi said he was optimistic there would be a balance between supply and demand by the first quarter of 2018, leading to a boost in oil prices.

Global oil inventories have decreased to an acceptable level and there were positive signs that oil market prices would improve significantly in 2018, Luaibi told journalists.

“I am optimistic, and during the first quarter of next year there will be more balance between supply and demand, which will reflect positively on improving global oil prices,” he said.



Saudi Stocks Close Higher at 11,122 Points amid Mixed Performance

A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Stocks Close Higher at 11,122 Points amid Mixed Performance

A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia’s main stock index (TASI) ended Sunday’s session up 0.1 percent to close at 11,122 points, with liquidity of about 3.6 billion riyals ($960 million).

Among leading stocks, Al Rajhi Bank rose 1 percent to 69.1 riyals, while SABIC gained 2 percent to 58.4 riyals.

Petro Rabigh topped the list of gainers, rising 10 percent to 12.65 riyals, following the company’s announcement of its first-quarter 2026 financial results.

In contrast, Saudi Aramco, the index’s heaviest-weighted stock, fell 0.22 percent to 27.16 riyals.

Shares of NADEC and Alawwal Bank declined 4 percent each, while Kingdom Holding Company fell 3 percent.

Ban topped the list of decliners, dropping 8 percent.


Saudi Economy Surpasses $1 Trillion Mark, Grows 80% Since Vision 2030’s Launch

The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)
The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)
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Saudi Economy Surpasses $1 Trillion Mark, Grows 80% Since Vision 2030’s Launch

The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)
The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)

Saudi Arabia’s economy has surpassed the $1 trillion mark for the first time, expanding by 80 percent since the launch of Vision 2030, according to the Kingdom’s 2025 Vision 2030 report.

The milestone underscores the impact of fiscal reforms and diversification efforts aimed at reducing dependence on oil. Non-oil activities now account for 55 percent of the economy, up from 45 percent in 2016, while non-oil government revenues have risen more than 170 percent, from SAR185.7 billion ($49.5 billion) in 2016 to SAR505 billion ($134.6 billion) last year.

The report said the gains reflected investment in growth sectors, legal reforms and a more attractive business climate.

Fiscal discipline, rising liquidity

Saudi authorities noted that fiscal policy remained anchored in spending discipline and sustainability, with deficit targets ranging between 5 percent and 7 percent of gross domestic product.

Liquidity reached a record SAR3.167 trillion in 2025, up from about SAR1.799 trillion in 2016.

Officials said expansionary spending had been directed toward strategic sectors linked to economic growth and living standards.

Debt low, reserves rise

Despite higher spending, Saudi Arabia has maintained one of the lowest debt burdens in the G20, with public debt below 50 percent of GDP. Foreign reserves rose to SAR1.7 trillion ($453.3 billion), their highest level in five years.

Real GDP growth accelerated from 1.7 percent in 2016 to 4.5 percent last year, the report said.

Competitiveness gains

Saudi Arabia rose 15 places between 2021 and 2025 in the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook to rank 17th globally, placing fourth among G20 countries last year.

The government introduced more than 1,000 reforms and 1,200 regulatory measures in recent years, including allowing full foreign ownership in most sectors and implementing a new bankruptcy law. The measures improved transparency, dispute resolution and legal certainty for investors.

Saudi Arabia has also expanded support for small and medium-sized enterprises through Monshaat, the SME Bank and Saudi Venture Capital Company.

The number of SMEs exceeded 1.7 million by the end of 2025, employing around 8.88 million people and contributing 22.9 percent to GDP. More than 474,000 businesses are owned by young Saudis, according to the report.

Growth outlook

The International Monetary Fund projects Saudi growth of 3.1 percent this year and 4.5 percent in 2027. The World Bank forecasts growth of 4.3 percent in 2026 and 4.4 percent next year.

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) expects growth of 4 percent this year and 3.6 percent in 2027. For its part, Saudi Arabia’s Finance Ministry forecasts growth of 4.6 percent in 2026 and 3.7 percent next year.


Vision 2030 Redefines Saudi Arabia's Wealth from Oil Supplier to Global Energy Hub

Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)
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Vision 2030 Redefines Saudi Arabia's Wealth from Oil Supplier to Global Energy Hub

Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)

Saudi Arabia has chosen to rethink its relationship with its resources, asking a different question: How can we make what we have work to its fullest potential in a rapidly changing world?

This was the essence of Vision 2030, which saw valuable opportunities in diversifying energy sources and maximizing the value of oil and gas to achieve greater prosperity, keeping pace with global environmental changes.

The first clear sign of this shift was the renaming of the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources to the Ministry of Energy, a clear indication of expanding the horizon from oil and gas alone to a comprehensive energy system that includes renewables at its core.

A Naturally Qualified Land

This choice was not made without study. The Kingdom possesses geographical enablers that give it an exceptional competitive position: a climate conducive to successful solar energy projects, vast areas suitable for wind power projects, and geographical diversity that contributes to the development of hydrogen energy, all supported by accumulated investment capabilities and research expertise.

On this fertile ground, a series of initiatives and projects were launched: The National Renewable Energy Program, the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Renewable Energy Initiative, and the establishment of the National Renewable Energy Data Center, followed by solar and wind power projects aimed at enhancing electricity generation efficiency.

The results speak clearly: The production capacity for electricity generation from renewable sources increased from 3 gigawatts in 2020 to 46 gigawatts in 2025. The total number of projects related to this sector reached 64, distributed among 40 solar power projects, 9 wind power projects, and 15 energy storage projects.

Hydrogen: The Big Bet

At the heart of NEOM, an unparalleled project is being born: the green hydrogen project, the largest and first of its kind globally, with a production capacity of 600 tons of green hydrogen per day.

To support this direction, the first phase of the Yanbu Green Hydrogen Hub was launched, equipped with facilities for generating electricity from renewable sources, desalination plants, electrolysis units, facilities for converting hydrogen into green ammonia, and a dedicated export terminal.

The Battery Race

Figures in the energy storage sector are no less exciting; the Kingdom is approaching China in the global battery storage project cost race, with a cost of $409 per kilowatt for projects with a four-hour storage capacity, compared to $404 for China.

The total capacity of proposed energy storage projects reached 30 gigawatt-hours, while 8 gigawatt-hours have been connected to the electricity grid.

In a remarkable achievement, Aramco successfully operated the world's first renewable energy storage system to support gas well production operations, with a capacity of 1 megawatt-hour, capable of supporting 5 wells for 25 years.

This system relies on a Saudi patent and represents a reliable alternative to traditional solar energy solutions, offering high efficiency in harsh climatic conditions and intelligent response to changing energy needs.

SPARK... When Industry Becomes the Value

Vision 2030 recognized that production alone is no longer sufficient, and that true value lies in building industries, localizing supply chains, and enhancing local content. This is where the idea for King Salman Energy Park "SPARK" was born, with investments exceeding 12 billion Saudi Riyals (3.2 billion dollars) and involving more than 60 local and international investors.

SPARK is located in a strategic position close to energy sources, shipping, and export networks, and includes a dry port allowing faster access. So far, 7 factories have been opened, while another 14 are currently under construction.

Balance, Not Compromise

While the world moves towards transitioning to alternatives to oil and gas, the Kingdom adopts a different vision, believing that an accelerated transition could harm global security and growth, given that renewable energy alone cannot fully meet developmental needs.

Therefore, the Kingdom continues to invest in exploring and developing oil fields, most notably the development of the unconventional Jafurah field, the largest of its kind in the Middle East, which will contribute to maximizing the value chains of gas and petrochemical industries.

Thus, the Kingdom walks a fine line, balancing the preservation of global energy supplies with investment in technologies that eliminate carbon emissions, positioning itself today as a comprehensive energy hub and a model of prudent management.