A Jail under ISIS, Raqqa's Stadium Back to Hosting Football

In this April 5, 2018 photo, children look from the window of their house that was damaged last summer during fighting against ISIS in Raqqa, Syria. (AP)
In this April 5, 2018 photo, children look from the window of their house that was damaged last summer during fighting against ISIS in Raqqa, Syria. (AP)
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A Jail under ISIS, Raqqa's Stadium Back to Hosting Football

In this April 5, 2018 photo, children look from the window of their house that was damaged last summer during fighting against ISIS in Raqqa, Syria. (AP)
In this April 5, 2018 photo, children look from the window of their house that was damaged last summer during fighting against ISIS in Raqqa, Syria. (AP)

He was once held underneath Raqqa's stadium, a prisoner in the ISIS group's alleged Syrian capital. Now Aziz al-Sajer has returned to the pitch -- only this time, with a football, said an Agence France Presse report on Tuesday.

The 25-year-old and his fellow players on the Al-Rashid football team gathered this week in the stadium for a play-off tournament between local clubs.

Dressed in white and bright yellow shirts, they stretched and did warm-up exercises before sprinting onto the sun-parched dirt field.

A few dozen fans cheered them on from metal stands still pockmarked by last year's offensive to oust ISIS from Raqqa.

Directly beneath the supporters were the rooms the extremists once transformed into a notorious prison.

Before joining his teammates, Sajer looked around at the one-time jail where he spent a month being interrogated by ISIS after defecting from Syrian regime forces.

"This prison behind me is now in the past. It's all over, and now we can rest," he said.

He had dark memories of ISIS's three-year reign over Raqqa.

"We used to sneak around just to play sports. It wasn't officially banned -- they just hated it," Sajer told AFP.

"They banned sports logos on clothes, like Real Madrid or Barcelona. You could get imprisoned for that," Sajer recalled.

Ironically, that could land people beneath the Raqqa stadium, which ISIS had outfitted as a jail.

Bullet casings are still scattered near the pitch, and the dirty walls of the dimly-lit rooms underground are marked by handwritten messages from former prisoners: "Oh God, help us."

Last year, the US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) waged a fierce battle to oust ISIS from Raqqa, and the stadium was one of the extremists’ final holdouts.

Six months later, the pitch is full of life as teams from different SDF-held areas duke it out on the field.

The tournament was organized by the Raqqa Civil Council, an SDF-affiliate local committee tasked with running the city's affairs.

Nashwa Ramadan, co-chair of the RCC's sports and youth committee, said the football championship was the first since ISIS was defeated.

"We've made the stadium a place for sports again," she told AFP.

"ISIS is gone, and with it, the fear. We even have plans for women's sports," Ramadan said.

The match back at the stadium saw Al-Rashid take on Al-Sad, a team from the nearby town of Tabqa that was also recaptured from ISIS by the SDF.

As the players chased the ball around the pitch the watching fans bellowed their appreciation.

"Al-Sad, Al-Sad, where's the fourth goal?" called out one Tabqa supporter, while another spectator cheered, "Nice one, nice one!"

Among those cheering was Mohammad al-Haruni, who told AFP he was glad to see life back to normal.

"After the destruction and displacement, we have hope that things will be better in the future," he said.

"This match is proof of that."



Sudan's Relentless War: A 70-Year Cycle of Conflict


Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (left) and RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, pictured during their alliance to oust Omar al-Bashir in 2019 (AFP)
Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (left) and RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, pictured during their alliance to oust Omar al-Bashir in 2019 (AFP)
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Sudan's Relentless War: A 70-Year Cycle of Conflict


Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (left) and RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, pictured during their alliance to oust Omar al-Bashir in 2019 (AFP)
Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (left) and RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, pictured during their alliance to oust Omar al-Bashir in 2019 (AFP)

While world conflicts dominate headlines, Sudan’s deepening catastrophe is unfolding largely out of sight; a brutal war that has killed tens of thousands, displaced millions, and flattened entire cities and regions.

More than a year into the conflict, some observers question whether the international community has grown weary of Sudan’s seemingly endless cycles of violence. The country has endured nearly seven decades of civil war, and what is happening now is not an exception, but the latest chapter in a bloody history of rebellion and collapse.

The first of Sudan’s modern wars began even before the country gained independence from Britain. In 1955, army officer Joseph Lagu led the southern “Anyanya” rebellion, named after a venomous snake, launching a guerrilla war that would last until 1972.

A peace agreement brokered by the World Council of Churches and Ethiopia’s late Emperor Haile Selassie ended that conflict with the signing of the Addis Ababa Accord.

But peace proved short-lived. In 1983, then-president Jaafar Nimeiry reignited tensions by announcing the imposition of Islamic Sharia law, known as the “September Laws.” The move prompted the rise of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM), led by John Garang, and a renewed southern insurgency that raged for more than two decades, outliving Nimeiry’s regime.

Under Omar al-Bashir, who seized power in a 1989 military coup, the war took on an Islamist tone. His government declared “jihad” and mobilized civilians in support of the fight, but failed to secure a decisive victory.

The conflict eventually gave way to the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement, better known as the Naivasha Agreement, which was brokered in Kenya and granted South Sudan the right to self-determination.

In 2011, more than 95% of South Sudanese voted to break away from Sudan, giving birth to the world’s newest country, the Republic of South Sudan. The secession marked the culmination of decades of war, which began with demands for a federal system and ended in full-scale conflict. The cost: over 2 million lives lost, and a once-unified nation split in two.

But even before South Sudan’s independence became reality, another brutal conflict had erupted in Sudan’s western Darfur region in 2003. Armed rebel groups from the region took up arms against the central government, accusing it of marginalization and neglect. What followed was a ferocious counterinsurgency campaign that drew global condemnation and triggered a major humanitarian crisis.

As violence escalated, the United Nations deployed one of its largest-ever peacekeeping missions, the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), in a bid to stem the bloodshed.

Despite multiple peace deals, including the Juba Agreement signed in October 2020 following the ousting of long-time Islamist ruler, Bashir, fighting never truly ceased.

The Darfur war alone left more than 300,000 people dead and millions displaced. The International Criminal Court charged Bashir and several top officials, including Ahmed Haroun and Abdel Raheem Muhammad Hussein, with war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Alongside the southern conflict, yet another war erupted in 2011, this time in the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan and the Blue Nile region. The fighting was led by Abdelaziz al-Hilu, head of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement–North (SPLM–N), a group composed largely of northern fighters who had sided with the South during the earlier civil war under John Garang.

The conflict broke out following contested elections marred by allegations of fraud, and Khartoum’s refusal to implement key provisions of the 2005 Naivasha Agreement, particularly those related to “popular consultations” in the two regions. More than a decade later, war still grips both areas, with no lasting resolution in sight.

Then came April 15, 2023. A fresh war exploded, this time in the heart of the capital, Khartoum, pitting the Sudanese Armed Forces against the powerful paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF). Now entering its third year, the conflict shows no signs of abating.

According to international reports, the war has killed more than 150,000 people and displaced around 13 million, the largest internal displacement crisis on the planet. Over 3 million Sudanese have fled to neighboring countries.

Large swathes of the capital lie in ruins, and entire states have been devastated. With Khartoum no longer viable as a seat of power, the government and military leadership have relocated to the Red Sea city of Port Sudan.

Unlike previous wars, Sudan’s current conflict has no real audience. Global pressure on the warring factions has been minimal. Media coverage is sparse. And despite warnings from the United Nations describing the crisis as “the world’s worst humanitarian catastrophe,” Sudan's descent into chaos remains largely ignored by the international community.