Exclusive - Palestinians in Lebanon View US Cut of UNRWA Funding as Attempt to End Their Cause

Palestinian students receive new studying books during the first day of the school year, at an UNRWA school, in Beirut, Lebanon, September 3, 2018. (AP)
Palestinian students receive new studying books during the first day of the school year, at an UNRWA school, in Beirut, Lebanon, September 3, 2018. (AP)
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Exclusive - Palestinians in Lebanon View US Cut of UNRWA Funding as Attempt to End Their Cause

Palestinian students receive new studying books during the first day of the school year, at an UNRWA school, in Beirut, Lebanon, September 3, 2018. (AP)
Palestinian students receive new studying books during the first day of the school year, at an UNRWA school, in Beirut, Lebanon, September 3, 2018. (AP)

Palestinian refugees in Lebanon interpret the US announcement that it was cutting its funding to UNRWA as an end to their cause and an attempt to leave them to an unknown fate.

Talks about resettlement plans in exchange for the implementation of the so-called “Deal of the Century” do not attract them, because “our experience in Lebanon does not allow us to dream of any decent life,” according to Anwar, from the Burj Barajneh camp in Beirut’s southern suburbs.

“When we hear of UNRWA’s funding being stopped, we are terrified. How will we get medical care and how will we teach our children?” says Rayan, a teacher and sociologist who works for a school at the Palestinian Al-Ikhwa association in the camp. “Our tragedy will not end with a Lebanese or Arab nationality. We demand that the solution be through a European nationality.”

On the right of return, Rayan said: “The right of return is the talk of our ancestors. I don’t want this illusion. I want a promising future for me and my children.”

US President Donald Trump’s decision to halt aid to UNRWA pushed Lebanon’s Speaker Nabih Berri to demand the Arab League to make an urgent decision on the matter. Foreign Minister in the caretaker government Jebran Bassil also urged Arab countries to compensate for the lack of US funding.

MP Ayoub Hmayed, member of Berri’s parliamentary bloc, told Asharq Al-Awsat: “The US administration wants to eliminate the Palestinian cause through successive steps that began with its relocation of its embassy to Jerusalem, the declaration of Jerusalem as the eternal capital of Israel and today, the decision to stop funding UNRWA.”

He continued: “There are a series of events leading up to the ‘Deal of the Century’. We cannot forget the systematic dispersal of the Palestinians in the large camps in Syria, Jordan and Lebanon... There is a path to be completed, and with the decision on UNRWA, the repercussions on the Lebanese society will grow.”

In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat, the head of the Palestinian Ikhwa association for cultural and social work, Hassan Mustafa, said: “UNRWA, which was established in wake of the Nakba of 1948, is witness to the reality of the people in the camps in Lebanon.

“Any attempt to abolish it and annex the Palestinians to another international institution will lead us to the final stage in the project of eliminating the Palestinian cause and revoking the right of return.”



What Happens When Russian Gas to Europe Via Ukraine Stops?

A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo
A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo
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What Happens When Russian Gas to Europe Via Ukraine Stops?

A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo
A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo

Austria's energy company OMV was informed by Gazprom that the Russian gas producer would halt deliveries of natural gas via Ukraine to OMV from 0500 GMT on Nov. 16 following OMV winning an arbitration case. Supplies of Russian gas to Europe via Ukraine may completely stop from Jan. 1 2025 after the current five-year deal expires as Kyiv has refused to negotiate the new terms of the transit with Moscow during the war.
Here is what happens if Russian gas transit via Ukraine is completely turned off and who will be affected most, according to Reuters.
HOW BIG ARE THE VOLUMES?
Russian gas supplies to Europe via Ukraine are relatively small. Russia shipped about 15 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas via Ukraine in 2023 - only 8% of peak Russian gas flows to Europe via various routes in 2018-2019.
Russia spent half a century building its European gas market share, which at its peak stood at 35%.
Moscow lost its share to rivals such as Norway, the United States and Qatar since the invasion of Ukraine in 2022, prompting the EU to cut its dependence on Russian gas.
EU gas prices rallied in 2022 to record highs after the loss of Russian supplies. The rally won't be repeated given modest volumes and a small number of customers for the remaining volumes, according to EU officials and traders.
UKRAINIAN ROUTE
The Soviet-era Urengoy-Pomary-Uzhgorod pipeline brings gas from Siberia via the town of Sudzha - now under control of Ukrainian military forces - in Russia's Kursk region. It then flows through Ukraine to Slovakia.
In Slovakia, the gas pipeline splits into branches going to the Czech Republic and Austria.
Austria still receives most of its gas via Ukraine, while Russia accounts for around two-thirds of Hungary's gas imports.
Slovakia takes around 3 bcm from energy giant Gazprom per year, also about two-thirds of its needs.
Czech Republic almost completely cut gas imports from the east last year, but has started taking gas from Russia in 2024.
Most other Russian gas routes to Europe are shut including Yamal-Europe via Belarus and Nord Stream under the Baltic.
The only other operational Russian gas pipeline route to Europe is the Blue Stream and TurkStream to Türkiye under the Black Sea. Türkiye sends some Russian gas volumes onward to Europe including to Hungary.
WHY DOES THE UKRAINIAN ROUTE STILL WORK?
While remaining Russian gas transit volumes are small, the issue remains a dilemma for the EU. Many EU members such as France and Germany have said they would not buy Russian gas anymore but the stance of Slovakia, Hungary and Austria, which have closer ties to Moscow, challenges the EU common approach.
The countries, who still receive Russian gas, argue it is the most economic fuel and also blame neighboring EU countries for imposing high transit fees for alternative supplies.
Ukraine still earns $0.8-$1 billion in transit fees from Russian gas transit. Russia earns over $3 billion on sales via Ukraine based on an average gas price of $200 per 1,000 cubic meters, according to Reuters calculations.
Russia's gas pipeline export monopoly Gazprom plunged to a net loss of $7 billion in 2023, its first annual loss since 1999, because of the loss EU's gas markets.
Russia has said it would be ready to extend the transit deal but Kyiv has repeatedly said it won't do it.
Another option is for Gazprom to supply some of the gas via another route, for example via TurkStream, Bulgaria, Serbia or Hungary. However, capacity via these routes is limited.
The EU and Ukraine have also asked Azerbaijan to facilitate discussions with Russia regarding the gas transit deal, an Azeri presidential advisor told Reuters, who declined to give further details.