Amnesty International will ask an Israeli court on Thursday to order Israel to revoke the export license of NSO Group, whose software is alleged to have been used by governments to spy on journalists and dissidents.
Amnesty said on Tuesday that Israel's Defence Ministry last week petitioned the Tel Aviv District Court to dismiss the lawsuit, or if it proceeds to restrict reporting on national security grounds.
In a statement, the ministry did not comment directly on whether it had sought a dismissal or gag order but said its supervision of defense exports was "subject to constant scrutiny and periodic assessments".
The ministry added that it does not comment on specific licenses.
The Israeli company's cellphone hacking software, Pegasus, has been linked to political surveillance in Mexico, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia, according to University of Toronto's Citizen Lab, which researches digital surveillance, security, privacy, and accountability.
In October, WhatsApp, which is owned by Facebook Inc, sued NSO in the US federal court in San Francisco, accusing it of helping government spies break into the phones of about 1,400 users across four continents.
Targets of the alleged hacking spree included diplomats, political dissidents, journalists, and senior government officials.
NSO has denied the allegations, saying it solely "provides technology to licensed government intelligence and law enforcement agencies to help them fight terrorism and serious crime".
In Amnesty's case, brought by members and supporters of its Israel office, the organization said NSO continues to profit from its spyware being used to commit abuses against activists across the world and the Israeli government has "stood by and watched it happen."
"The best way to stop NSO's powerful spyware products reaching repressive governments is to revoke the company´s export license, and that is exactly what this legal case seeks to do," said Danna Ingleton, deputy director of Amnesty Tech.
Amnesty Tech is described on Amnesty International's website as a global collective of advocates, hackers, researchers, and technologies challenging "the systematic threat to our rights" by surveillance-based businesses.
Ingleton called for the hearings in Tel Aviv to be conducted in open court, saying the Defence Ministry "must not be allowed to hide behind a veil of secrecy when it comes to human rights abuses".
The ministry in a statement said its licensing assessments took into account various considerations such as "the security clearance of the product and assessment of the country toward which the product will be marketed."
"The issue of protecting human rights is a major factor in the process, as are policy and security considerations," it added in the statement on Tuesday.
NSO´s phone hacking software has already been implicated in a series of human rights abuses across Latin America and the Middle East, including an espionage scandal in Panama and an attempt to spy on an employee of the London-based Amnesty group.
NSO, which was purchased by London-based private equity firm Novalpina Capital last year, announced in September it would begin abiding by UN guidelines on human rights abuses.
