Egypt Supports a Political Solution that Preserves Syria’s Unity

Egypt’s Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry - AAAWSAT AR
Egypt’s Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry - AAAWSAT AR
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Egypt Supports a Political Solution that Preserves Syria’s Unity

Egypt’s Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry - AAAWSAT AR
Egypt’s Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry - AAAWSAT AR

Cairo is moving forward with its diplomatic efforts to boost the political process in Damascus through its membership in the "Small Group" on Syria that includes several Western and Arab countries.

Egypt’s Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry held extensive international calls with various parties to resume the political track in Syria and activate the work of the Constitutional Committee, which would lead to presidential elections in June 2021, an Egyptian diplomatic source told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Shoukry discussed in a telephone call Wednesday the latest developments in Syria with the UN Special Envoy Geir Pedersen.

Foreign Ministry spokesman, Ahmed Hafez, stated that the call comes within the coordination between Cairo and the UN to support a peaceful settlement in the war-torn country.

The FM asserted Egypt will continue to call for ending the war and reaching a reconciliation under UN Security Council Resolution 2254. He hoped this would be done in a way that preserves the unity of Syrian territories and achieves the aspirations of the Syrian people, which brings the country back to its natural position in the regional and international arenas.

The talks also addressed Cairo’s evaluation of the latest developments in Syria as well as its efforts to push forward the political process in the country through Egypt’s membership in the Small Group, including its talks with the moderate Syrian opposition groups.

The statement noted that both officials asserted that terrorist and radical organizations and their regional supporters must be stopped, adding that Syria should be supported during the coronavirus pandemic.

For his part, Pedersen was briefed on the latest developments in Syria and the continuous efforts with the Syrian parties to move forward with the political process.

The Special envoy expressed his appreciation for the balanced Egyptian role in supporting the reconciliation efforts and restoring security and stability in Syria.

On Tuesday, Shoukry met with representatives of the Syrian Opposition High Negotiations Committee (HNC) in Cairo, to discuss recent developments and ways to boost the political reconciliation process.

The HNC delegation expressed their appreciation of the Egyptian role to reach out to all Syrian parties and political powers to end the Syrian crisis as soon as possible.

In exclusive statements to Asharq Al-Awsat, HNC member Jamal Soleiman explained that the meeting with the FM was aimed at coordinating measures on recent developments in Syria, the situation of the Syrians abroad, and efforts to activate the Constitutional Committee.

Soleiman said opposition forces would consult with the Syrian government through written messages exchanged via UN mediator or Egypt itself.

He believes the remaining six-months period is not enough for drafting the constitution, stressing that if the constitution was not drafted before the elections, the conflict will continue and no solution will be reached.



Türkiye and Iraq Reaffirm Commitment to Work Against Kurdish Militants, Other Security Threats 

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Iraq's Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani shake hands before sponsoring the signing ceremony of memoranda of understanding between Iraq and Türkiye, in Ankara on Thursday, May 8, 2025. (AP)
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Iraq's Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani shake hands before sponsoring the signing ceremony of memoranda of understanding between Iraq and Türkiye, in Ankara on Thursday, May 8, 2025. (AP)
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Türkiye and Iraq Reaffirm Commitment to Work Against Kurdish Militants, Other Security Threats 

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Iraq's Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani shake hands before sponsoring the signing ceremony of memoranda of understanding between Iraq and Türkiye, in Ankara on Thursday, May 8, 2025. (AP)
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Iraq's Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani shake hands before sponsoring the signing ceremony of memoranda of understanding between Iraq and Türkiye, in Ankara on Thursday, May 8, 2025. (AP)

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening security cooperation on Thursday, vowing to work against threats, including Kurdish militants based on Iraqi territory.

Al-Sudani arrived in Türkiye as the neighboring countries are working to enhance cooperation and mend past tensions.

Relations between Türkiye and Iraq were often strained over Turkish military incursions into northern Iraq for operations against the banned Kurdistan Workers’ Party, or PKK, and the establishment of Turkish military bases there. Baghdad frequently condemned the incursions as a violation of its sovereignty, while Ankara accused Iraq of not doing enough to fight the PKK.

More recently, however, the two countries have deepened cooperation on security, including addressing the PKK presence in northern Iraq. Last year, Iraq announced that the Iraqi National Security Council had issued a ban on the PKK, although it stopped short of designating it as a terrorist organization.

Erdogan said the two "reaffirmed our determination" to fight against the Kurdish militants, the ISIS group and against members of network that Türkiye accuses of being behind a failed military coup in 2016.

"We once again emphasized that terrorism has no place in the future of our region," Erdogan said.

Al-Sudani said: "What affects Iraq’s security affects Türkiye’s security and vice versa."

"According to our constitution, we do not allow any group to use Iraqi territory to attack neighboring countries," he said.

Erdogan also named former minister Veysel Eroglu as his special envoy to Iraq.

On Thursday, officials inked 11 agreements, including in trade and defense, to advance cooperation between the two countries.

Erdogan stressed the urgency of resuming oil shipments through an Iraqi-Turkish pipeline.

The oil pipeline running from the semi-autonomous Kurdish region to Türkiye has been shut down since March 2023, after an arbitration court ruling ordered Ankara to pay Iraq $1.5 billion for oil exports that bypassed Iraq’s central government in Baghdad. The sharing of oil and gas revenues has long been a contentious issue between Baghdad and Kurdish authorities in Erbil.

Al-Sudani said water supplies to Iraq were also discussed. He said committees were continuing meetings to agree on mechanisms for water management projects.

"We emphasized the need for a fair understanding that respects the interests of both sides, in accordance with principles of equity and good neighborliness," the prime minister said.

In recent years, Iraqi officials have complained that dams built by Türkiye are reducing Iraq’s water supply.

The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, which provide most of Iraq’s fresh water, originate in Türkiye. Experts fear that climate change is likely to exacerbate existing water shortages in Iraq.

"Our position is that water levels in the dams are at a minimum, and at the same time, Iraq has received very little rainfall this year," al-Sudani said.

The two also discussed steps to rapidly implement The Development Road Project - a large-scale infrastructure plan to connect the Arabian Gulf with Türkiye by constructing highways and rail links from southern Iraq to the Turkish border.

The Iraqi prime minister's visit comes after the PKK’s jailed leader, Abdullah Ocalan, called on his group to dissolve and disarm as part of a new peace initiative with Türkiye. The group declared a unilateral ceasefire in March and is now expected to hold a congress in northern Iraq, during which it would announce its dissolution, Turkish officials have said.

The PKK, which has maintained bases in northern Iraq’s semiautonomous Kurdish region, has fought Türkiye for an autonomous Kurdish state. The conflict has claimed tens of thousands of lives since the 1980s. Türkiye and its Western allies have designated the PKK a terrorist organization.

Al-Sudani said: "We welcome the political process and the disarmament path concerning the PKK."