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Israel Resumes Pursuit of Iranian Presence in Syria Amid Russian Silence

A poster showing Syrian regime head Bashar al-Assad hung on a street in Damascus | Reuters
A poster showing Syrian regime head Bashar al-Assad hung on a street in Damascus | Reuters
    Moscow, Tel Aviv – Raed Jabr and Asharq Al-Awsat
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Israel Resumes Pursuit of Iranian Presence in Syria Amid Russian Silence

A poster showing Syrian regime head Bashar al-Assad hung on a street in Damascus | Reuters
A poster showing Syrian regime head Bashar al-Assad hung on a street in Damascus | Reuters

A former military official in Tel Aviv on Wednesday considered the airstrikes launched by Israel on four Syrian governorates a resumption of chasing out the Iranian presence there amid Russian silence.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) reported on Israel targeting Iran proxy militia positions on the Sokhna – Deir Ezzor highway in eastern Syria.

"Five pro-Iranian fighters were killed in a strike on a military center belonging to pro-Tehran militias" on the Sokhna-Deir Ezzor road in eastern Syria, Observatory chief Rami Abdel Rahman said.

He said many others were injured, with several in critical condition.

Two air force soldiers were killed in another raid on a telecommunications center in the southern Sweida province, he said.

The army said Israeli jets hit an army outpost in Salamiya and another in Sabura towns in Hama province only hours after missiles struck other military installations in Deir Ezzor province along the border with Iraq and in southern Syria near the border with Jordan.

Former IDF Intelligence chief Amos Yadlin warned on Wednesday that two waves of air attacks in Syria linked to Israel on Tuesday night will likely provoke serious retaliation from Iran and its proxies.

“The Iranians and their proxies will search for ways to respond to and deter Israel,” tweeted Yadlin, currently executive director of the prestigious Institute for National Security Studies, on Wednesday.

The former intelligence officer cited past attempts to fire rockets into Israel and recent cyberattacks targeting Israeli businesses and infrastructure, giving a taste of what might come.

Yadlin also asserted that the circumstances of the incident show that recent claims that the Iranians were leaving Syria were “wishful thinking.”

Moscow ignored the Israeli raids, with reactions criticizing the content of the speech of the Syrian Foreign Minister Walid al-Muallem two days ago.

A Middle East affairs expert told Asharq Al-Awsat that the Syrian regime is no longer able to change its attitude and face the serious problems challenging the war-torn country.

The expert believed that the main problem lies in the increasing conviction among the Russian elites of the inability to separate the Syrian regime from Iran.

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Arab World

Gaza Development Put Back 60 Years by War, Says UNDP Chief

A drone view shows Palestinian houses and buildings lying in ruins, following a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, in Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, January 22, 2025. (Reuters)
A drone view shows Palestinian houses and buildings lying in ruins, following a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, in Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, January 22, 2025. (Reuters)
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Gaza Development Put Back 60 Years by War, Says UNDP Chief

A drone view shows Palestinian houses and buildings lying in ruins, following a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, in Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, January 22, 2025. (Reuters)
A drone view shows Palestinian houses and buildings lying in ruins, following a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, in Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, January 22, 2025. (Reuters)

The Israel-Hamas war has put back development in Gaza by 60 years and mobilizing the tens of billions of dollars needed for reconstruction will be an uphill task, the United Nations said.

Around two-thirds of all buildings in the Gaza Strip have been destroyed or damaged, and removing the estimated 42 million tons of rubble will be dangerous and complex, the head of the UN Development Program told AFP.

"Probably between 65 percent to 70 percent of buildings in Gaza have either been entirely destroyed or damaged," Achim Steiner said in an interview at the World Economic Forum annual meeting in the Swiss ski resort town of Davos.

"But we're also talking about an economy that has been destroyed, where we estimate that roughly 60 years of development have been lost in this conflict over 15 months.

"Two million people who are in the Gaza Strip have lost not only their shelter: they've lost public infrastructure, sewage treatment systems, freshwater supply systems, public waste management. All of these fundamental infrastructure and service elements simply do not exist."

And for all these towering numbers, Steiner stressed: "Human desperation is not just something that you capture in statistics."

- 'Years and years' -

The fragile ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza war took effect on Sunday.

Steiner said it was difficult to put a timeframe on reconstruction due to the "volatile" nature of the ceasefire, and because the UN's immediate focus is on life-saving aid.

"When we talk about reconstruction, we are not talking about one or two years here," he said.

"We are talking about years and years, until you even come close to rebuilding, first of all, the physical infrastructure, but it's also an entire economy.

"People had savings. People had loans. People had invested in businesses. And all of this is lost. So we are talking about the physical and economic, and in some ways even the psychosocial phase for reconstruction."

He said the physical reconstruction alone would cost "tens of billions of dollars", and "we do face an enormous uphill struggle on how to mobilize that scale of finance".

- 'Extraordinary' destruction -

The estimated volume of rubble may yet rise and will leave the reconstruction effort with vast challenges.

"This is not a simple undertaking of just loading it and transporting it somewhere. This rubble is dangerous. There are often still bodies that may not have been recovered. There's unexploded ordnance, landmines," Steiner explained.

"One option is recycling. With reconstruction, there is a significant degree to which you can recycle these materials and use them in the reconstruction process," Steiner said.

"The interim solution will be to move the rubble into temporary dumps and deposits from where it could then later be either taken for permanent processing or disposal."

In the meantime, if the ceasefire endures and firms up, Steiner said huge amounts of temporary infrastructure would be needed.

"Virtually every school and every hospital has been either severely damaged or destroyed," he said.

"It's an extraordinary physical destruction that has happened."