Arabs Doubt Biden Will Herald Change in the Middle East

Democratic US presidential nominee and former Vice President Joe Biden smiles during a drive-in campaign rally at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US, November 2, 2020. (Reuters)
Democratic US presidential nominee and former Vice President Joe Biden smiles during a drive-in campaign rally at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US, November 2, 2020. (Reuters)
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Arabs Doubt Biden Will Herald Change in the Middle East

Democratic US presidential nominee and former Vice President Joe Biden smiles during a drive-in campaign rally at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US, November 2, 2020. (Reuters)
Democratic US presidential nominee and former Vice President Joe Biden smiles during a drive-in campaign rally at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US, November 2, 2020. (Reuters)

Arab leaders congratulated Joe Biden on his election victory, but some people in the Middle East expressed cynicism over US policy even if he pursues diplomacy rather than President Donald Trump’s blunt approach to the region’s myriad problems.

“I was positive that Trump will not make it to a second term. He was too hostile almost towards everybody. He is (more) fit to be a mafia leader than a president of the United States,” said Adel Salman, 40, a high school English teacher in Baghdad.

“Let’s wait and see with the Biden presidency. And I’m saying to all Iraqis don’t count your chickens before they hatch. Is Biden better for Iraq? Let’s wait and see his acts.”

Biden may face some of his most complex foreign policy challenges in the region: from wars in Libya and Yemen to reassuring the United States’ Gulf allies that Washington can protect them from enemy Iran, even though he has said he would return to the international nuclear deal with Tehran.

“Trump was our friend, he loved Saudi Arabia and protected it from enemies. He handcuffed Iran. Biden will let Iran free again and this will hurt us and the whole region,” said Mohamed Al Anaizy, a Saudi Uber driver.

The leaders of Egypt, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates and Jordan congratulated Biden.

Lebanese President Michel Aoun congratulated Biden and voiced hope for a “return to balance in American-Lebanese relations” during his term.

Nabil Boumonsef, deputy editor-in-chief of An-Nahar newspaper, told Reuters that the timing of the announcement of US sanctions on Friday on Aoun’s son-in-law Gebran Bassil, a former minister, sent a message that Washington would continue to go after Lebanese politicians over accusations of corruption and aiding Hezbollah.

“Biden is more flexible and rational, but I do not expect fundamental changes, though there may be an easing of pressure with respect to sanctions until Biden’s Middle East team is in place,” he said, according to Reuters.

Ibrahim Matraz, a Yemeni journalist, was also pessimistic about prospects for a shift in US policy after years of conflict that have ravaged his country.

“We shouldn’t forget that Biden was vice president in Obama’s administration when the war began.”

Trump’s allegations of fraud in the election without providing evidence prompted some Arabs to say Washington had no right to preach about democracy in their countries, where leaders often win 99 percent of the vote in rigged elections.

“These elections show the real face of America, a country where elections are a farce with the loser not conceding defeat and claiming he won,” said Adel al Natour, an industrialist in war-torn Syria, whose leaders face stringent US sanctions.



Long History of Warfare on Israel-Lebanon Border

Smoke billows from the sites of an Israeli airstrike in Lebanon's southern plain of Marjeyoun along the border with Israel on September 24, 2024. (AFP)
Smoke billows from the sites of an Israeli airstrike in Lebanon's southern plain of Marjeyoun along the border with Israel on September 24, 2024. (AFP)
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Long History of Warfare on Israel-Lebanon Border

Smoke billows from the sites of an Israeli airstrike in Lebanon's southern plain of Marjeyoun along the border with Israel on September 24, 2024. (AFP)
Smoke billows from the sites of an Israeli airstrike in Lebanon's southern plain of Marjeyoun along the border with Israel on September 24, 2024. (AFP)

Escalating hostilities between Israel and the Iran-backed Hezbollah group are the latest episode in decades of conflict across the Lebanese-Israeli border. Here is the history:

1948

Lebanon fights alongside other Arab countries against the nascent state of Israel. Around 100,000 Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their homes in what had been British-ruled Palestine during the war arrive in Lebanon as refugees. Lebanon and Israel agree to an armistice in 1949.

1968

Israeli commandos destroy a dozen passenger planes at Beirut airport in response to an attack on an Israeli airliner by a Lebanon-based Palestinian armed group.

The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) relocates to Lebanon two years later after its expulsion from Jordan, leading to increased cross-border flare-ups.

1973

Disguised Israeli special forces shoot dead three Palestinian militant leaders in Beirut in retaliation for the killing of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics. Palestinian raids into Israel and Israeli military reprisals on targets in Lebanon intensify during the 1970s, leading many Lebanese to flee their country's south and aggravating sectarian tensions in Lebanon, where civil war is starting.

1978

Israel invades south Lebanon and sets up a narrow occupation zone in an operation against Palestinian fighters after a militant attack near Tel Aviv. Israel backs a local Christian militia called the South Lebanese Army (SLA).

1982

Israel invades Lebanon all the way to Beirut in an offensive that followed tit-for-tat border fire. Thousands of Palestinian fighters are evacuated by sea after a bloody 10-week siege of the Lebanese capital involving heavy Israeli bombardment of West Beirut. Lebanon's newly elected Maronite president is killed by a car bomb. Iran's Revolutionary Guards establish the Shiite armed group Hezbollah in Lebanon.

1985

Israel pulled back from central Lebanon in 1983 but retained forces in the south. It establishes a formal occupation zone in southern Lebanon, about 15 km (nine miles) deep, controlling the area with its SLA ally. Hezbollah wages guerrilla war against Israeli forces.

1996

With Hezbollah regularly attacking Israeli forces in the south and firing rockets into northern Israel, Israel mounts a 17-day "Operation Grapes of Wrath" offensive that kills more than 200 people in Lebanon, including 102 who die when Israel shells a UN base near the south Lebanon village of Qana.

2000

Israel withdraws from southern Lebanon, ending 22 years of occupation.

2006

In July, Hezbollah crosses the border into Israel, kidnaps two Israeli soldiers and kills others, sparking a five-week war involving heavy Israeli strikes on both Hezbollah strongholds and national infrastructure.

While Israeli ground forces move into southern Lebanon, much of the conflict is conducted by Israeli airstrikes and Hezbollah rocket fire. It ends without Israel achieving its military objectives and with Hezbollah declaring it a "divine victory".

At least 1,200 people in Lebanon, mostly civilians, and 158 Israelis, mostly soldiers, are killed.

2023

On Oct. 8, Hezbollah begins trading fire with Israel a day after the Palestinian group Hamas attacked communities in southern Israel and sparked the Gaza war.

Hezbollah, a Hamas ally, says its attacks aim to support Palestinians under Israeli bombardment in the Gaza Strip.

Israeli airstrikes pound border areas of south Lebanon and target sites in the Bekaa valley while Hezbollah strikes northern Israel. Tens of thousands flee their homes on both sides of the border.

2024

In July, a strike on the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights kills 12 youths. Hezbollah denies involvement, but Israel kills a senior commander from the group in a strike near Beirut.

In August, Hezbollah retaliates with hundreds of rockets and drones onto Israel, saying it targeted a base north of Tel Aviv.

The conflict escalates further in September when thousands of Hezbollah's wireless communications devices explode in an apparent Israeli attack, killing dozens and wounding thousands. An Israeli strike in Beirut kills senior Hezbollah commanders.

Days later, Israel launches its biggest bombardment of the war, killing more than 500 people in a single day and driving tens of thousands to flee the south, according to Lebanese authorities.