Pedersen Hopes for Progress at Syria Constitution Talks

UN Special Envoy for Syria Geir Pedersen gestures while speaking during a meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow, Russia July 22, 2021. Sergei Ilnitsky/Pool via REUTERS
UN Special Envoy for Syria Geir Pedersen gestures while speaking during a meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow, Russia July 22, 2021. Sergei Ilnitsky/Pool via REUTERS
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Pedersen Hopes for Progress at Syria Constitution Talks

UN Special Envoy for Syria Geir Pedersen gestures while speaking during a meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow, Russia July 22, 2021. Sergei Ilnitsky/Pool via REUTERS
UN Special Envoy for Syria Geir Pedersen gestures while speaking during a meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow, Russia July 22, 2021. Sergei Ilnitsky/Pool via REUTERS

Talks on a new constitution for Syria resume this week in Geneva, with the United Nations mediator hopeful of making headway.

Back in October, the sixth round of discussions between 15 representatives each from President Bashar al-Assad's government, the opposition, and civil society, ended with no agreement on how to move things forward.

But UN envoy Geir Pedersen said the two co-chairs -- from the government and the opposition -- had now come up with an improved procedure for finding common ground on the final day of the talks, which will be on Friday.

"Syria remains one of the gravest crises in the world and there is a clear need for progress towards a political solution," Pedersen told reporters on Sunday.

The Syrian Constitutional Committee was created in September 2019 and first convened a month later.

The tentative negotiations are aimed at rewriting the war-torn country's constitution. It is hoped the talks could pave the way towards a broader political process.

"The committee should work in a way that builds trust and confidence," Pedersen said.

"During this session I hope to see the constitutional committee work with a sense of seriousness and purpose and determination to make progress that the situation demands.

"If the three delegations do what they have said they will do, I hope that we can see some steady progress."

This seventh round of talks will focus on four principles: the basics of governance; state identity; state symbols; and the structure and functions of public authorities.

The delegates will spend one day working on each principle, before spending Friday trying to concretize any advances made.

Ahmad Kuzbari, the head of the government delegation, and Syrian opposition negotiations leader Hadi al-Bahra, have co-chaired the talks thus far.

They traded barbs after October's sixth round of talks, pointing the finger at each other for the lack of progress.

But Pedersen said the co-chairs had now reached an understanding on how business should proceed on the last day, namely a better mechanism for revisions of proposed constitutional texts.

"I'm looking forward to seeing on Friday how this will be put into practice," AFP quoted the Norwegian diplomat as saying.

Pedersen met jointly with the co-chairs on Sunday, during which they decided on the four topics to be discussed this week.

That was followed by the three of them holding talks with the 15 civil society representatives.

Pedersen said they were "good meetings" and "hopefully that will make it possible for us to make progress through this week".



Grundberg Hopes ‘Gaza Truce’ Will Revive the Peace Process in Yemen

Hans Grundberg, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen, briefs on Wednesday the Security Council on the situation in Yemen (UN)
Hans Grundberg, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen, briefs on Wednesday the Security Council on the situation in Yemen (UN)
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Grundberg Hopes ‘Gaza Truce’ Will Revive the Peace Process in Yemen

Hans Grundberg, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen, briefs on Wednesday the Security Council on the situation in Yemen (UN)
Hans Grundberg, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen, briefs on Wednesday the Security Council on the situation in Yemen (UN)

Hans Grundberg, the UN Special Envoy for Yemen, warned on Wednesday from the alarming escalation in Yemen that would have devastating humanitarian consequences for the Yemeni people.

In a briefing to the Security Council on the situation in the Middle East, Grundberg said a ceasefire in Gaza signals hope that a return to the peace process could materialize between the Yemeni government and Houthis.

The envoy’s briefing came after his talks with Yemeni, regional and international stakeholders across the region, during visits to Muscat, Sanaa, Tehran, and Riyadh to intensify engagements for a peaceful resolution to the conflict.

Grundberg has lately kicked off efforts to secure the release of all arbitrarily detained personnel from the United Nations, national and international organizations, diplomatic missions, and the private sector.

In his briefing, the envoy expressed concern over reports of a new wave of arbitrary detentions, which further exacerbates the suffering of families and undermines trust.

Grundberg mentioned the Houthi attacks on the ships in the Red Sea and said they hindered the prospects of peace.

He added that a ceasefire in Gaza signals hope that an opportunity to de-escalate could materialize.

The envoy said the escalating cycle of strikes and counterstrikes has hindered the prospects of peace and destabilized Yemen's economy, adding that the relative stability and improved security conditions for civilians that have existed since the 2022 truce could be lost.

In contrast to Grundberg's hopes for a revival of the peace process, many Yemenis fear the Houthis would ignite a new war against the Yemeni government, exploiting the popular sympathy with Palestine that has enabled the group to recruit tens of thousands over the past year.

In this regard, Grundberg said, “I am concerned that parties may reassess their options for peace and make miscalculations based on flawed assumptions.”

Escalation and Detainees

In his briefing, the envoy mentioned the damage caused by the Houthi attacks and the Israeli and Western strikes in Yemen.

“Recent Israeli airstrikes have damaged critical civilian infrastructure, including the port of Hodeidah and Sanaa International Airport,” he said, adding that the damage to the port and tugboats impacts the ability to unload humanitarian aid.

Grundberg said during his meetings in Sanaa, he again urged Houthis to immediately and unconditionally release all arbitrarily detained personnel from the United Nations, national and international organizations, diplomatic missions, and the private sector.

He further called on the Houthis to release the Galaxy Leader vessel and its 25-member crew, which have been unlawfully detained for over a year now.
He urged all parties to urgently take concrete steps towards achieving a nationwide ceasefire agreement in Yemen.

Elsewhere, Grundberg spoke about his office’s engagement in extensive dialogues with Yemeni parties at the technical level on economic and military issues.

“In our discussions, we explored how collaboration between the parties could unlock critical peace dividends. These include the unification of the central bank, the resumption of fossil fuel exports, and the full payment of public sector salaries,” he said.

Yemeni, US Statements

During Grundberg’s briefing, the representative of the United States, Dorothy Shea, said, “The time has come to respond to the growing global threats by holding Iran to account for enabling the Houthis long-range missile attacks on international shipping and Israel.”

She said the Houthis have expanded their campaign of detaining innocent Yemenis, targeting more former embassy staff simply trying to do their jobs.

She stressed the need to deprive the Houthis of illicit revenues that sustain their attacks and recognize the growing relationship between the Houthis and other terrorist groups like al-Shabaab.

Meanwhile, Abdullah Ali Fadhel Al-Saadi, Permanent Representative of Yemen to the United Nations, addresses the Security Council meeting on the situation in his country.

“The humanitarian and economic situation in Yemen is intolerable,” he said, adding that the government is eager to engage with all efforts to reach a political settlement.

Al-Saadi also called on the Security Council to assume its responsibilities and implement its decisions that end the Houthi coup based on agreed international references.