Sudan Islamists Struggle to Choose Turabi's Successor

Eid el-Fitr prayers in Khartoum (File photo: AFP)
Eid el-Fitr prayers in Khartoum (File photo: AFP)
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Sudan Islamists Struggle to Choose Turabi's Successor

Eid el-Fitr prayers in Khartoum (File photo: AFP)
Eid el-Fitr prayers in Khartoum (File photo: AFP)

Sudan's Islamist parties, the National Congress and the Popular Congress parties, will soon begin a new chapter in their conflict. The new development comes two weeks after Islamist parties, except the Popular Congress, signed a new political charter to establish the "Broad Islamic Current."

The National Congress Party (NCP) is led by former President Omar al-Bashir, while the Popular Congress Party (PCP) is chaired by Ali al-Hajj, who is in prison.

The two parties have a long history of rivalry and competition after Bashir overthrew the "godfather" of the Islamist movement in Sudan, Hassan al-Turabi, in 1999.

The designated Sec-Gen of the Popular Congress Party, Al-Amin Abdel Razek, criticized at a meeting a top National Congress leader, whom he did not name. However, the audience chanted the name of Ali Karti, who has been living outside Sudan since December 2018.

Abdel Razek accused the NCP official of plotting to overthrow Ali al-Hajj from the Popular Congress Party and hinted that he led to his imprisonment in Kober Central Prison in Khartoum.

Hajj is on trial for participating in the planning and implementation of the June 30, 1989 coup, along with Bashir and dozens of military and civilian leaders who participated in planning to seize power that year.

Abdel Razek pointed out that NCP leaders are toying with the country's fate, and they make political decisions.

He asserted that the PCP would not be part of any military rule, calling for political pluralism and peaceful power transfer.

NCP official Amin Hassan Omar said that the broad Islamist trend is a consensus between various Islamist forces which have agreed on a "joint work program."

Omar declared that his party was open to anyone who wished to work with others in the Islamist movement, adding that it is continuously developing.

He indicated that the general idea is to reach out to all the Islamists and agree with them, adding that the party will work differently with Sufi orders and the right-wing currents.

A source told Asharq Al-Awsat about a fundamental conflict between Islamist currents, pointing out that NCP's Karti wants to control the Broad Islamic Current.

The source, who preferred not to be named, said a group affiliated with NCP's Hajj turned against him, which he viewed as treason.

The source pointed out that the conflict is old but resurfaced with the emergence of the Broad Islamic Current, adding that NCP and PCP officials are competing for its leadership.

Deputy head of the Reform Now Movement Hassan Rizk said that recent developments could not be referred to as a "struggle" between the NCP and the PCP.

Rizk explains that the disagreements are between those who want to unite Islamist trends and all the components of the Islamist movement and those who reject it.

He asserted that the Islamist movement must unite because "the enemy does not differentiate between NCP or PCP."

Rizk added that the Islamists wanted to unite the Islamist trend, except for the PCP, which was part of NCP and participated in all stages of the establishment of the new Islamist body.



Israel Cracks Down on Palestinian Citizens Who Speak out against the War in Gaza

The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP
The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP
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Israel Cracks Down on Palestinian Citizens Who Speak out against the War in Gaza

The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP
The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP

Israel’s yearlong crackdown against Palestinian citizens who speak out against the war in Gaza is prompting many to self-censor out of fear of being jailed and further marginalized in society, while some still find ways to dissent — carefully.
Ahmed Khalefa's life turned upside down after he was charged with inciting terrorism for chanting in solidarity with Gaza at an anti-war protest in October 2023, The Associated Press said.
The lawyer and city counselor from central Israel says he spent three difficult months in jail followed by six months detained in an apartment. It's unclear when he'll get a final verdict on his guilt or innocence. Until then, he's forbidden from leaving his home from dusk to dawn.
Khalefa is one of more than 400 Palestinian citizens of Israel who, since the start of the war in Gaza, have been investigated by police for “incitement to terrorism” or “incitement to violence,” according to Adalah, a legal rights group for minorities. More than half of those investigated were also criminally charged or detained, Adalah said.
“Israel made it clear they see us more as enemies than as citizens,” Khalefa said in an interview at a cafe in his hometown of Umm al-Fahm, Israel's second-largest Palestinian city.
Israel has roughly 2 million Palestinian citizens, whose families remained within the borders of what became Israel in 1948. Among them are Muslims and Christians, and they maintain family and cultural ties to Gaza and the West Bank, which Israel captured in 1967.
Israel says its Palestinian citizens enjoy equal rights, including the right to vote, and they are well-represented in many professions. However, Palestinians are widely discriminated against in areas like housing and the job market.
Israeli authorities have opened more incitement cases against Palestinian citizens during the war in Gaza than in the previous five years combined, Adalah's records show. Israeli authorities have not said how many cases ended in convictions and imprisonment. The Justice Ministry said it did not have statistics on those convictions.
Just being charged with incitement to terrorism or identifying with a terrorist group can land a suspect in detention until they're sentenced, under the terms of a 2016 law.
In addition to being charged as criminals, Palestinians citizens of Israel — who make up around 20% of the country’s population — have lost jobs, been suspended from schools and faced police interrogations posting online or demonstrating, activists and rights watchdogs say.
It’s had a chilling effect.
“Anyone who tries to speak out about the war will be imprisoned and harassed in his work and education,” said Oumaya Jabareen, whose son was jailed for eight months after an anti-war protest. “People here are all afraid, afraid to say no to this war.”
Jabareen was among hundreds of Palestinians who filled the streets of Umm al-Fahm earlier this month carrying signs and chanting political slogans. It appeared to be the largest anti-war demonstration in Israel since the Oct. 7 Hamas attack. But turnout was low, and Palestinian flags and other national symbols were conspicuously absent. In the years before the war, some protests could draw tens of thousands of Palestinians in Israel.
Authorities tolerated the recent protest march, keeping it under heavily armed supervision. Helicopters flew overhead as police with rifles and tear gas jogged alongside the crowd, which dispersed without incident after two hours. Khalefa said he chose not to attend.
Shortly after the Oct. 7 attack, Israel’s far-right government moved quickly to invigorate a task force that has charged Palestinian citizens of Israel with “supporting terrorism” for posts online or protesting against the war. At around the same time, lawmakers amended a security bill to increase surveillance of online activity by Palestinians in Israel, said Nadim Nashif, director of the digital rights group 7amleh. These moves gave authorities more power to restrict freedom of expression and intensify their arrest campaigns, Nashif said.
The task force is led by Itamar Ben-Gvir, a hard-line national security minister who oversees the police. His office said the task force has monitored thousands of posts allegedly expressing support for terror organizations and that police arrested “hundreds of terror supporters,” including public opinion leaders, social media influencers, religious figures, teachers and others.
“Freedom of speech is not the freedom to incite ... which harms public safety and our security,” his office said in a statement.
But activists and rights groups say the government has expanded its definition of incitement much too far, targeting legitimate opinions that are at the core of freedom of expression.
Myssana Morany, a human rights attorney at Adalah, said Palestinian citizens have been charged for seemingly innocuous things like sending a meme of a captured Israeli tank in Gaza in a private WhatsApp group chat. Another person was charged for posting a collage of children’s photos, captioned in Arabic and English: “Where were the people calling for humanity when we were killed?” The feminist activist group Kayan said over 600 women called its hotline because of blowback in the workplace for speaking out against the war or just mentioning it unfavorably.
Over the summer, around two dozen anti-war protesters in the port city of Haifa were only allowed to finish three chants before police forcefully scattered the gathering into the night. Yet Jewish Israelis demanding a hostage release deal protest regularly — and the largest drew hundreds of thousands to the streets of Tel Aviv.
Khalefa, the city counselor, is not convinced the crackdown on speech will end, even if the war eventually does. He said Israeli prosecutors took issue with slogans that broadly praised resistance and urged Gaza to be strong, but which didn’t mention violence or any militant groups. For that, he said, the government is trying to disbar him, and he faces up to eight years in prison.
“They wanted to show us the price of speaking out,” Khalefa said.