Riyadh International Book Fair Kicks Off Thursday

The Fair is a major cultural event in the Arab scene. SPA
The Fair is a major cultural event in the Arab scene. SPA
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Riyadh International Book Fair Kicks Off Thursday

The Fair is a major cultural event in the Arab scene. SPA
The Fair is a major cultural event in the Arab scene. SPA

Riyadh International Book Fair "Cultural Chapters," under the supervision of the Literature, Publishing, and Translation Commission, kicks off Thursday and will continue until Oct. 8.

The Fair is a major cultural event in the Arab scene, as it is one of the most important Arab book fairs in terms of the number of visitors, sales volume, and the diversity of its cultural programs, as well as in terms of the participation of the most prominent Arab, regional and international publishing houses.

The Saudi Ministry of Culture named Tunisia as the guest of honor, noting that its selection comes within the relations that bind the Saudi and the Tunisian people as part of the joint efforts of the two countries to enhance cooperation in the cultural field.

It also brings together literature, publishing, and translation officials from local and international institutions and companies with readers and those interested in books and publications.

The event has a program that includes several qualitative cultural events, dialogue platforms, interactive lectures, poetry evenings, and cultural and artistic seminars.

It also hosts several arts, reading, writing, and publishing seminars, workshops on bookmaking and translation, activities for children, and other accompanying programs.

The most prominent Arab and international publishing houses and Arab and international writers, authors, and intellectuals participate in the exhibition.

During ten days, the exhibition is set to celebrate the Tunisian cultural and artistic presence through many literary events with the participation of several Tunisian writers, authors, and poets.

Tunisian Minister of Cultural Affairs Hayat Guermazi confirmed that the Riyadh International Book Fair provides an opportunity to enhance cultural exchange between Saudi Arabia and Tunisia.

Guermazi told Asharq Al-Awsat that there would be 17 Tunisian publishers, adding that Tunisian cultural and artistic presence at the event is an outstanding opportunity for the intellectuals of the two countries to discuss humanitarian issues through literature and thought.

The Minister explained that her country's participation would include seminars and meetings on Tunisian literature, translation, the experience of Tunisian theater, criticism, enlightenment thought, and other topics.

In addition, there will be various workshops and literary and poetry events with the participation of Tunisian intellectuals and writers with a special booth dedicated to introducing the digital cultural economy.

On the sidelines of the exhibition, Tunisian cinema will celebrate its centenary and Zied Gharsa will perform at a concert.

There will also be the Tunisian Night at the al-Ahmar Theater at Princess Nourah University in Riyadh, where Saber al-Rubai, Latifa, and Olfa bin Ramadan will be in concert on Oct. 1.

The Saudi ambassador to Tunis, Abdulaziz bin Ali Al-Sager, said that choosing Tunisia as a guest of honor for the Fair confirms the country's cultural position.

The diplomat told Asharq Al-Awsat that Tunisia is an addition to the exhibition through the prepared program, the participating delegation, and the diverse content to include all aspects of cultural activity.



2024 Was the Hottest Year on Record, Scientists Say

 People walk through a part of the Amazon River that shows signs of drought, in Santa Sofia, on the outskirts of Leticia, Colombia, Oct. 20, 2024. (AP)
People walk through a part of the Amazon River that shows signs of drought, in Santa Sofia, on the outskirts of Leticia, Colombia, Oct. 20, 2024. (AP)
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2024 Was the Hottest Year on Record, Scientists Say

 People walk through a part of the Amazon River that shows signs of drought, in Santa Sofia, on the outskirts of Leticia, Colombia, Oct. 20, 2024. (AP)
People walk through a part of the Amazon River that shows signs of drought, in Santa Sofia, on the outskirts of Leticia, Colombia, Oct. 20, 2024. (AP)

2024 was the hottest year on record, the World Meteorological Organization said on Thursday, and the first in which temperatures exceeded 1.5C above pre-industrial times - a threshold that may lead to more severe climate disasters.

The latest bleak assessment of the state of climate change comes as the death toll from wildfires raging in California climbs at the start of the new year.

The WMO and the European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) said climate change was pushing the planet's temperature to levels never before experienced by modern humans.

"Today’s assessment from the World Meteorological Organization is clear: Global heating is a cold, hard fact," United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres said in a statement. "There's still time to avoid the worst of climate catastrophe. But leaders must act – now."

The planet's average temperature in 2024 was 1.6 degrees Celsius higher than in the 1850-1900 pre-industrial period, C3S said. The last 10 years have all been in the top 10 hottest years on record, according to the World Meteorological Organization.

"The trajectory is just incredible," C3S director Carlo Buontempo told Reuters, noting that every month in 2024 was the warmest or second-warmest for that month since records began.

Wildfires are one of the many disasters that climate change is making more frequent and severe. The fires raging in Los Angeles this week have killed at least 10 people and devoured nearly 10,000 structures.

But while the impacts of climate change now affect people from the richest to the poorest on earth, political will to address it has waned in some countries.

US President-elect Donald Trump, who takes office on Jan. 20, has called climate change a hoax, despite the global scientific consensus that it is caused by humans.

Matthew Jones, a climate scientist at the University of East Anglia in Britain, said fire-prone weather such as that affecting California will keep increasing "so long as progress on tackling the root causes of climate change remains sluggish".

The main cause of climate change is CO2 emissions from burning fossil fuels.

Recent European elections have also shifted political priorities towards industrial competitiveness, with some European Union governments seeking to weaken climate policies they say hurt business.

EU climate commissioner Wopke Hoekstra said the 1.5C breach last year showed climate action must be prioritized.

"It is extremely complicated, in a very difficult geopolitical setting, but we don't have an alternative," he told Reuters.

The 1.5C milestone should serve as "a rude awakening to key political actors to get their act together," said Chukwumerije Okereke, a professor of climate governance at Britain's University of Bristol.

Britain's Met Office confirmed 2024's likely breach of 1.5C, while estimating a slightly lower average temperature of 1.53C for the year.

Governments promised under the 2015 Paris Agreement to try to prevent the average temperature rise exceeding 1.5C.

Although 2024 does not breach that target -- which measures the longer-term average temperature -- Buontempo said rising greenhouse gas emissions meant the world was on track to soon blow past the Paris goal.

Countries could still rapidly cut emissions to avoid temperatures from rising further to disastrous levels, he added.

"It's not a done deal. We have the power to change the trajectory," Buontempo said.

In 2024, Bolivia and Venezuela suffered disastrous fires, while torrential floods hit Nepal, Sudan and Spain, and heat waves in Mexico killed thousands.

Climate change is worsening storms and torrential rainfall, because a hotter atmosphere can hold more water, leading to intense downpours. The amount of water vapor in the planet's atmosphere reached a record high in 2024.

Concentrations in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, reached a fresh high of 422 parts per million in 2024, C3S said.

Zeke Hausfather, a research scientist at US non-profit Berkeley Earth, said he expected 2025 to be among the hottest years on record, but likely not top the rankings. That's because temperatures in early 2024 got an extra boost from El Niño, a warming weather pattern which is now trending towards its cooler La Nina counterpart.

"It's still going to be in the top three warmest years," he said.