Egyptian Artists Prepare for Ramadan with Lanterns, Small Motifs

 People shop from a stall selling Ramadan lanterns along a main
street in the northern suburb of Shubra of Egypt's capital Cairo at
the start of the Ramadan. [Khaled Desouki/AFP]
People shop from a stall selling Ramadan lanterns along a main street in the northern suburb of Shubra of Egypt's capital Cairo at the start of the Ramadan. [Khaled Desouki/AFP]
TT
20

Egyptian Artists Prepare for Ramadan with Lanterns, Small Motifs

 People shop from a stall selling Ramadan lanterns along a main
street in the northern suburb of Shubra of Egypt's capital Cairo at
the start of the Ramadan. [Khaled Desouki/AFP]
People shop from a stall selling Ramadan lanterns along a main street in the northern suburb of Shubra of Egypt's capital Cairo at the start of the Ramadan. [Khaled Desouki/AFP]

Egyptian artists are preparing for Ramadan by making lanterns and small, funny motifs depicting famous figures that locals are used to like “Al-Mesaharati”, “Bougi”, “Tamtam”, and “Bakkar”.

Handmade artisanal works still have a great significance in Egypt, and the modern machine-made products didn’t manage to replace them, which encourage local artists to keep making creative works that recall their folklore and historic symbols to celebrate the holy month.

“We are racing against time to provide a local product that rivals the imported one with better manual craftmanship, special design, and strong fabrics,” Ghada Ibrahim said from inside a workshop of puppets and small motifs.

“Ramadan occupies me all the year. Once it ends, I start thinking of my new works and prepare them alongside the works of other occasions. The holy month reminds us of our childhood, so we make small motifs that we had beautiful memories with. We can’t forget them,” she told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Ghada makes small motifs depicting famous figures from the Egyptian television and radio including Fouad el-Mohandes, Samir Ghanem, Sayed Mekawy, Nelly, and Sherihan, in addition to folkloric and historic characters such as Scheherazade and Shahryar, the mermaid, Bougy and Tamtam, and Bakkar, as well as many Ramadan-inspired figures like the local desert vendors.

This year, Ghada made small motifs depicting the mesaharati, in addition to Ramadan-inspired puppets, lanterns, and versatile storage boxes. She uses various materials in her works including colored foam, fabrics, and wigs.

The Khiyamia neighborhood in the heart of Cairo embraces the largest market of Ramadan tents. “I make lanterns in different sizes, and wooden artifacts such as crescents and Ramadan-related figures that Egyptians love. These works need between two days and two weeks based on the size and decoration. The process consists of several steps: cutting, sculpting, assembling, polishing, and the final touches,” Sayed Zaki, maker of small wooden statues, told Asharq Al-Awsat.

In the prestigious neighborhood of Sayyidah Zaynab, Hani Husni sells Ramadan decorations made of paper, fabrics, and foam.

“Despite the economic crisis, Egyptians didn’t skip the decorations of Ramadan. The handmade artisanal works are the most demanded for the Ramadan ambiance,” he told Asharq Al-Awsat.



‘City Killer’ Asteroid Now Has 3.1% Chance of Hitting Earth, Says NASA 

This image made available by University of Hawaii's asteroid impact alert system shows the motion of asteroid 2024 YR4 over about one hour, Dec. 27, 2024. (ATLAS / University of Hawaii / NASA via AP)
This image made available by University of Hawaii's asteroid impact alert system shows the motion of asteroid 2024 YR4 over about one hour, Dec. 27, 2024. (ATLAS / University of Hawaii / NASA via AP)
TT
20

‘City Killer’ Asteroid Now Has 3.1% Chance of Hitting Earth, Says NASA 

This image made available by University of Hawaii's asteroid impact alert system shows the motion of asteroid 2024 YR4 over about one hour, Dec. 27, 2024. (ATLAS / University of Hawaii / NASA via AP)
This image made available by University of Hawaii's asteroid impact alert system shows the motion of asteroid 2024 YR4 over about one hour, Dec. 27, 2024. (ATLAS / University of Hawaii / NASA via AP)

An asteroid that could level a city now has a 3.1-percent chance of striking Earth in 2032, according to NASA data released Tuesday -- making it the most threatening space rock ever recorded by modern forecasting.

Despite the rising odds, experts say there is no need for alarm. The global astronomical community is closely monitoring the situation and the James Webb Space Telescope is set to fix its gaze on the object, known as 2024 YR4, next month.

"I'm not panicking," Bruce Betts, chief scientist for the nonprofit Planetary Society told AFP.

"Naturally when you see the percentages go up, it doesn't make you feel warm and fuzzy and good," he added, but explained that as astronomers gather more data, the probability will likely edge up before rapidly dropping to zero.

2024 YR4 was first detected on December 27 last year by the El Sauce Observatory in Chile.

Astronomers estimate its size to be between 130 and 300 feet (40-90 meters) wide, based on its brightness. Analysis of its light signatures suggests it has a fairly typical composition, rather than being a rare metal-rich asteroid.

The International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN), a worldwide planetary defense collaboration, issued a warning memo on January 29 after the impact probability had crossed one percent. Since then, the figure has fluctuated but continues to trend upward.

NASA's latest calculations estimate the impact probability at 3.1 percent, with a potential Earth impact date of December 22, 2032.

That translates to odds of one in 32 -- roughly the same as correctly guessing the outcome of five consecutive coin tosses.

The last time an asteroid of greater than 30 meters in size posed such a significant risk was Apophis in 2004, when it briefly had a 2.7 percent chance of striking Earth in 2029 -- a possibility later ruled out by additional observations.

Surpassing that threshold is "historic," said Richard Moissl, head of the European Space Agency's planetary defense office, which puts the risk slightly lower at 2.8 percent.

- Webb observations in March -

"It's a very, very rare event," he told AFP, but added: "This is not a crisis at this point in time. This is not the dinosaur killer. This is not the planet killer. This is at most dangerous for a city."

Data from the Webb telescope -- the most powerful space observatory -- will be key in better understanding its trajectory, said the Planetary Society's Betts.

"Webb is able to see things that are very, very dim," he said -- which is key because the asteroid's orbit is currently taking it out towards Jupiter, and its next close approach will not be until 2028.

If the risk rises over 10 percent, IAWN would issue a formal warning, leading to a "recommendation for all UN members who have territories in potentially threatened areas to start terrestrial preparedness," explained Moissl.

Unlike the six-mile-wide (10-kilometer-wide) asteroid that wiped out the dinosaurs 66 million years ago, 2024 YR4 is classified as a "city killer" -- not a global catastrophe, but still capable of causing significant destruction.

Its potential devastation comes less from its size and more from its velocity, which could be nearly 40,000 miles per hour if it hits.

If it enters Earth's atmosphere, the most likely scenario is an airburst, meaning it would explode midair with a force of approximately eight megatons of TNT -- more than 500 times the power of the Hiroshima bomb.

But an impact crater cannot be ruled out if the size is closer to the higher end of estimates, said Betts.

The potential impact corridor spans the eastern Pacific, northern South America, the Atlantic, Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South Asia -- though Moissl emphasized it is far too early for people to consider drastic decisions like relocation.

The good news: there's ample time to act.

NASA's 2022 DART mission proved that spacecraft can successfully alter an asteroid's path, and scientists have theorized other methods, such as using lasers to create thrust by vaporizing part of the surface, pulling it off course with a spacecraft's gravity, or even using nuclear explosions as a last resort.