UK-GCC FTA Negotiations Make Significant Progress

Chief Negotiator tells Asharq Al-Awsat deal will increase trade 16%

Tom Wintle, Chief Negotiator UK-Gulf Cooperation Council FTA, and Acting Chief Negotiator for the GCC Fareed bin Saeed Al-Asaly. (Asharq al Awsat)
Tom Wintle, Chief Negotiator UK-Gulf Cooperation Council FTA, and Acting Chief Negotiator for the GCC Fareed bin Saeed Al-Asaly. (Asharq al Awsat)
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UK-GCC FTA Negotiations Make Significant Progress

Tom Wintle, Chief Negotiator UK-Gulf Cooperation Council FTA, and Acting Chief Negotiator for the GCC Fareed bin Saeed Al-Asaly. (Asharq al Awsat)
Tom Wintle, Chief Negotiator UK-Gulf Cooperation Council FTA, and Acting Chief Negotiator for the GCC Fareed bin Saeed Al-Asaly. (Asharq al Awsat)

Chief Negotiator – UK-GCC FTA, Department for International Trade Tom Wintle revealed that the UK and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have made “good progress” in negotiations to sign a free trade agreement (FTA).

Speaking on the eve of the third round of talks kick off between the parties in Riyadh, he told Asharq Al-Awsat that both sides are eager to strike an ambitious, comprehensive and modern deal.

He estimated that the deal would help increase trade between the UK and GCC by no less than 16% and increase the UK’s GDP by around £1.6 billion.

What does the UK aim to achieve from this third round of negotiations in Riyadh?

My team and I are excited to be in Riyadh for Round 3 of negotiations. We have made good progress so far and we want to keep the momentum going. This week we have an opportunity to work with GCC colleagues to build on our work and tackle some of the more challenging parts of the deal.

A free trade agreement (FTA) between the UK and GCC will be a substantial economic opportunity for all of our countries, and a significant moment in the UK-GCC relationship.

How many negotiators are involved from both sides?

In total, more than 100 UK negotiators from across our government are taking part in this round of negotiations. Round 3 is taking place in a hybrid fashion, with a number of UK negotiators travelling to Riyadh and others taking part virtually. We expect similar numbers of GCC negotiators.

How optimistic are you regarding reaching a deal? And do you have a targeted timeline for concluding the negotiations and signing the deal?

There is strong political will on both sides. The UK and GCC have committed to negotiate an ambitious, comprehensive and modern free trade agreement fit for the 21st century. We’ve made significant progress for such an early stage of negotiations and have discussed every policy area in negotiations so far.

We have always been clear that negotiating an ambitious agreement is more important than meeting any particular deadline. Our aim is to secure a deal that delivers the maximum possible benefit for businesses on both sides.

If a deal is signed, what impact will it have on trade between the UK and the GCC?

A UK-GCC FTA will be mutually beneficial for the UK and GCC economies. Our economies complement one another and there is limited direct competition between our businesses. A trade deal will strengthen supply chains, helping to grow the domestic industries that we each are specialized in.

Our analysis shows that a deal is expected to increase trade between the UK and the GCC by at least 16% and increase UK GDP by around £1.6 billion in the long run. A highly ambitious FTA, which the UK is pushing for, could deliver even greater gains. So, the more ambitious we are in negotiations, the greater the gains for everyone. It is a win-win scenario.

Which policy areas are discussed in the negotiations? And which are excluded?

We have discussed all areas that are included in some of the most ambitious and modern FTAs that have been agreed upon around the world in recent years. This involves going beyond the arrangements we already have in place to remove barriers, improve the business environment and make it easier to invest in each other’s economies. We have also discussed working together on modern areas of trade, such as innovation, digital and the environment.

We are keen to do a deal that would bring the biggest possible benefits to UK and GCC businesses. An FTA can support the GCC countries’ Vision Plans and enhance the private sector's ability to drive economic growth. We have genuinely complementary economies and there are exciting opportunities in all sectors.

The GCC is equivalent to the UK’s seventh largest export market. A deep, comprehensive FTA with the whole bloc will deliver the greatest economic and strategic benefits for both sides.

Our priority is an ambitious agreement with the whole of the GCC and there is strong political will from all sides. Within this agreement, there is the opportunity to secure additional commitments where some members can go further. We will make full use of these opportunities to ensure we maximize the benefits with individual GCC Member States.

Has Brexit bolstered the UK’s negotiating position?

The UK took control of its trade policy when we left the European Union. We are the fifth biggest economy in the world and the second biggest services exporter. Now we are independent we can negotiate modern, comprehensive and ambitious FTAs with partners like the GCC.

We have already signed trade deals with 71 countries, plus the European Union that account for £814 billion of trade, and we are now negotiating new deals with GCC, India, Canada, Mexico and Israel.

By the same token, do current economic woes in the UK weaken its negotiating hand?

The UK was the fastest-growing economy in the G7 last year, with capital investment at record levels of around £600 billion maintained over the next five years. We are the sixth biggest investor in the GCC, with a total of £31 billion invested in the last 20 years. Our bilateral trading relationship increased by 76% according to the latest annual figures, from £23.6 billion to £54.5 billion. However, the real strength of our relationship is measured in decades and centuries: ours is a long-term partnership, not one based on economic cycles.



Egypt, Qatar's Al Mana Holding Sign $200 Million Sustainable Aviation Fuel Deal

A worker fills an Airbus jet with aviation fuel at Fuhlsbuettel airport in Hamburg, March 14, 2012. REUTERS/Fabian Bimmer/File Photo
A worker fills an Airbus jet with aviation fuel at Fuhlsbuettel airport in Hamburg, March 14, 2012. REUTERS/Fabian Bimmer/File Photo
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Egypt, Qatar's Al Mana Holding Sign $200 Million Sustainable Aviation Fuel Deal

A worker fills an Airbus jet with aviation fuel at Fuhlsbuettel airport in Hamburg, March 14, 2012. REUTERS/Fabian Bimmer/File Photo
A worker fills an Airbus jet with aviation fuel at Fuhlsbuettel airport in Hamburg, March 14, 2012. REUTERS/Fabian Bimmer/File Photo

Egypt signed a contract with Qatar's Al Mana Holding for a first-phase investment of $200 million to produce sustainable aviation fuel from used cooking oil in the Suez Canal Economic Zone at Ain Sokhna, Egypt's cabinet said on Sunday.

The project will be developed in three phases and will span 100,000 square metres in the Integrated Sokhna Zone on Egypt's Red Sea coast. The first phase will have an estimated annual production capacity of 200,000 tonnes, Reuters quoted the cabinet as saying in a statement.

The deal marks the first Qatari industrial investment in the Suez Canal Economic Zone, Egypt said.

Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly said the project "reflects the positive momentum in relations between Cairo and Doha, driven by the shared political will to advance bilateral cooperation through joint investments and increased trade."

Last month, the real estate arm of Qatar's sovereign wealth fund said it would invest $29.7 billion to develop a luxury real estate and tourism project on Egypt's Mediterranean coast.

 


Saudi Arabia Prepares to Allow Foreign Property Ownership in January

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Reuters)
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Reuters)
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Saudi Arabia Prepares to Allow Foreign Property Ownership in January

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Reuters)
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Reuters)

Saudi Arabia is preparing to enter a new phase of economic openness in the real estate sector, with the updated law regulating property ownership by non-Saudis set to take effect in January.

The law, approved by the Saudi cabinet in July, is a strategic step to regulate real estate ownership by non-Saudis, both individuals and entities. Its main objective is to boost the real estate sector’s contribution to gross domestic product and diversify national income sources away from oil, in line with Vision 2030 goals.

The General Authority for Real Estate, the body responsible for implementation, is currently drafting the executive regulations and defining the geographic scope of areas where foreigners will be allowed to own and invest in property. These details are expected to be announced before the law comes into force.

The new legislation also aims to retain global talent by enabling long term residency and improving urban and housing quality.

Scope of ownership

Saudi Minister of Municipalities and Housing Majed Al-Hogail said in a televised interview last week that the system allowing foreigners to own residential property would be implemented next month across all Saudi cities, except for four, Makkah, Madinah, Jeddah and Riyadh.

In those cities, ownership will be permitted in specific designated areas. Resident expatriates will be allowed to own one residential unit.

In contrast, the system offers broader flexibility in other economic sectors, with foreign ownership open across all Saudi cities without exception in the commercial, industrial and agricultural sectors.

Fahd bin Suleiman, executive director of non-Saudi property ownership at the authority, said in November that areas designated for foreign ownership in Riyadh, Jeddah and the holy cities of Makkah and Madinah were still under review and would be announced “very soon” alongside the executive regulations governing the new rules.

He said those areas would be “very wide” and include what are known as mega projects, with foreign ownership ratios expected to range between 70 percent and 90 percent.

Bin Suleiman added that buyers would be required to be Muslim to purchase property in the two holy cities, but would otherwise face limited restrictions.

“In general, there are no major conditions, and we do not want to impose constraints. When comparing the current law with the updated one, the difference will be clear,” he said.

Market expectations

Commenting on the imminent implementation of the updated system, several real estate experts told Asharq Al-Awsat that the law would generate additional demand for ready built housing units and increase liquidity in the property market.

They said it would also encourage international companies to establish headquarters and projects in the Kingdom, supporting economic activity and laying the foundation for a more stable and growing real estate sector.

They expect the positive impact to be most evident in Riyadh, Jeddah, Makkah, Taif and Madinah, as well as cities near tourist destinations, with initial effects emerging in the third and fourth quarters of 2026 and extending into 2027.

Real estate expert and marketer Saqr Al-Zahrani said the system’s implementation would mark a turning point for the Saudi property market by expanding the base of market participants and prompting many expatriates to move from renting to ownership, particularly in permitted cities.

This shift, he said, would create additional demand for ready built units and planned residential communities, boosting sales activity and market liquidity.

Raising property quality

Al-Zahrani added that opening commercial, industrial and agricultural ownership to foreigners across all cities would give international companies stronger incentives to establish operations in Saudi Arabia, supporting economic growth and long term real estate sector stability.

He said one of the first expected changes would be an improvement in property quality, as developers move toward higher specifications and better planning to meet the needs of a broader buyer base.

The market is also likely to see an increase in organized supply, driven by the entry of local and international investors and developers targeting new demand.

The updated system, he said, would support price stability, as ownership by expatriates and foreigners tends to be long term, reducing short term speculation.

It would also enhance transparency and governance through accompanying legal and regulatory controls, while creating wider opportunities for the financing sector to develop tailored products for expatriates and foreigners, boosting lending activity and liquidity.

Al-Zahrani said the announcement of the system’s implementation would trigger immediate inquiries and interest, but the real impact on transaction volumes would emerge gradually, with initial signs expected in the second quarter of 2026, as the first deals are completed.

Clear indicators such as higher trading volumes, faster project delivery and increased foreign investor participation are likely to materialize in the third and fourth quarters, once the market has absorbed the executive regulations and begun to interact with them in a stable manner.

He said the first year of implementation would be a transition period, with the strongest effects becoming evident in the second half of 2026 and beyond.

Varying impact by geography

Real estate expert Ahmed Al Faqih said the system’s impact would vary by location, with the strongest positive effects expected in the Makkah region and its cities, including Jeddah and Taif, as well as Madinah. Riyadh, he said, would also play a prominent role in attracting non-Saudi capital for both ownership and investment.

Al Faqih said capital targeting tourism investment would likely focus on cities near tourist areas, such as Taif, Abha and Jazan, as well as Tabuk due to its proximity to the Neom project.

He expects the first year of implementation to serve as a testing and evaluation phase, with the system’s impact becoming more evident in 2027. He said the law would support key Vision 2030 objectives, including income diversification and reducing reliance on oil, while creating hundreds of thousands of job opportunities for Saudi men and women.

System incentives

The updated law aims to regulate real estate ownership by non-Saudis in line with Vision 2030, attract foreign direct investment into the Saudi property market and increase the sector’s contribution to the economy.

It also seeks to retain global talent by enabling long term settlement, raise the contribution of non-oil sectors, support sustainable economic growth and improve urban living standards.

Under the law, non-Saudis are permitted to own property or acquire rights within geographic areas designated by the cabinet, based on a proposal from the Real Estate General Authority and approval by the Council of Economic and Development Affairs. This includes specifying eligible rights, maximum ownership ratios and related controls.

The law also allows a non-Saudi resident natural person to own one residential property outside the designated geographic scope, excluding Makkah and Madinah. Ownership in those two cities requires the buyer to be Muslim.

Non listed companies partly owned by non-Saudis are permitted to own property within the designated areas, including Makkah and Madinah, provided they are established under Saudi company law. They may also own property outside those areas for operational purposes or employee housing, as defined by the regulations.

Listed companies, investment funds and special purpose entities are allowed to own property across the Kingdom, including Makkah and Madinah, in accordance with rules issued by the Capital Market Authority in coordination with the real estate authority and other relevant bodies.

The law stipulates that its application does not affect rights granted under other systems, such as the Premium Residency Program or Gulf Cooperation Council agreements, and that foreign ownership does not confer any additional privileges beyond legal rights.

It also introduces a fee of up to 5 percent of the property transaction value for non-Saudi ownership, with details to be set out in the executive regulations.

Violations may result in fines or warnings, while providing misleading information can lead to fines of up to 10 million riyals and, in some cases, court ordered sale of the violating property.


China Urges Stronger Coordination Between Business, Finance Systems to Spur Consumption

People walk past a second hand market for luxury cars in Beijing, Tuesday, Nov. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)
People walk past a second hand market for luxury cars in Beijing, Tuesday, Nov. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)
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China Urges Stronger Coordination Between Business, Finance Systems to Spur Consumption

People walk past a second hand market for luxury cars in Beijing, Tuesday, Nov. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)
People walk past a second hand market for luxury cars in Beijing, Tuesday, Nov. 25, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

China's commerce ministry and financial regulators have urged local authorities to promote stronger coordination between business and financial systems to boost consumption, a joint statement showed on Sunday.

Local commerce departments are encouraged to tap existing funding channels for consumption-boosting campaigns and work with financial institutions to unlock spending potential, the Ministry of Commerce, People's Bank of China and National Financial Regulatory Administration said in a joint statement.

Regions with resources are encouraged to use digital yuan smart-contract "red packets" to improve policy efficiency.

The trio also called for measures such as financing guarantees, interest subsidies and risk compensation to strengthen policy synergy and guide more credit into key consumption sectors.

In other economic news, Chinese demand for foreign luxury cars is waning as customers opt for more affordable Chinese brand models, often sold at big discounts, catering to their taste for fancy electronics and comfort.

That is bad news for European carmakers like Porsche, Aston Martin, Mercedes-Benz and BMW that have long dominated the upper reaches of the world's largest auto market.

A prolonged property downturn in China has left many consumers with little appetite for big purchases.

Meanwhile, the well-to-do are becoming increasingly shy about publicly displaying their wealth, said Paul Gong, UBS head of China Automotive Industry Research.

Many car buyers have been swayed by a 20,000 yuan ($2,830) trade-in subsidy offered by the Chinese government for purchasing electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. People tended to purchase cheaper, entry-level cars where the discount will count more and those cars are mostly Chinese made, Gong said.

“Slowing economic growth is one key driver behind weaker demand for premium cars,” said Claire Yuan, director of corporate ratings for China autos at S&P Global Ratings, referring to a segment that typically counts car brands such as Mercedes-Benz and BMW.

The market share of premium car sales in China, usually priced above 300,000 yuan ($42,400), more than doubled between 2017 and 2023 to about 15% of total sales, S&P said.

That trend is now reversing. The share of premium cars sales fell to 14% in 2024 and to 13% in the first nine months of 2025, S&P said.