Jumah Boukleb

Jumah Boukleb

Who Is Shaping the Next International Order?

Imagine walking into a job interview and finding that the person sizing you up is not a person at all, but an artificial intelligence system. Or picture a taxi driver in Beijing or Shanghai who wakes each morning fearing for his livelihood because, by media accounts, the authorities have licensed…

Libya...Reality Surpasses Imagination

Critics argue that what distinguishes the Surrealist school in art and literature is its rejection of reason and the rules of logic. They explain that the strange images created by Surrealist artists are meant to draw our attention to the existence of another reality beyond our own: the realm of…

Brexit: Weighing the Gains and Losses

The common denominator among nationalist parties, movements, and regimes, despite their geographical, religious, and linguistic differences, is that they are chauvinistic. They have a one-dimensional view of the world and possess such a narrow outlook that they are prepared to read and write…

Europe Knocks on Moscow’s Door… Will It Be Let in?

It has been over four years since the Russian-Ukrainian war broke out, and neither side is managing to decide the battle militarily. This has been an exceptionally grave conflict. The first of its kind on the European continent since the end of the Second World War, it has placed NATO countries in…

Hormuz in the Spotlight

For its first retaliation to the American–Israeli attack of February 28, Iran struck several Arab capitals with ballistic missiles, and Tehran announced the closure of the Strait of Hormuz to maritime navigation, leading to a highly predictable spike in oil prices. When President Donald Trump…

Washington and Europe… A Rupture Confirmed by War

The war in Iran today is like someone opening the stopper of a tightly sealed bottle, allowing the genie trapped inside to escape. In this case, the genie takes the form of thorny questions that have imposed themselves without anyone possessing the answers that might return the genie to the bottle…

What Does Iran Have Left After This Major Confrontation?

Two contrasting images have emerged from inside Iran during the current war, and another from outside it. The first shows women dressed in black mourning the assassination of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, while other women are seen ululating in celebration for the same reason. The second image shows…

Five Years of War and No Peace in Sight

As the world anxiously held its breath amid threats and rising tensions between Iran and the United States, the Russian-Ukrainian war entered its fifth year - a war with no end in sight. The combined number of casualties on both sides, according to recent reports by Western defense research centers…

The Red Lines 

Following the first round of indirect negotiations between Washington and Tehran in Muscat last week, senior officials from both countries sent positive signals. However, before a date was set for the second round of talks, Iran’s foreign minister announced what Iran calls “red lines” and…

Libya: UN Envoys and the Vicious Circle of Stalemate

They come and go, one after another. The empty loops drawn by their steps are the only trace they leave behind. Some two out of ten envoys have tried and failed, the Lebanese Ghassan Salameh and the American Stephanie Williams. All of them were tasked with leading the UN mission in Libya by UN…