Iraq’s Kazemi Promoted as the Sole Alternative to Zurfi

A woman pushes a cart in Baghdad's Tahrir Square (AP)
A woman pushes a cart in Baghdad's Tahrir Square (AP)
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Iraq’s Kazemi Promoted as the Sole Alternative to Zurfi

A woman pushes a cart in Baghdad's Tahrir Square (AP)
A woman pushes a cart in Baghdad's Tahrir Square (AP)

Iraq’s current Prime Minister-designate Adnan al-Zurfi is determined on forming the country’s next government, however, Iraqi chief of intelligence, Mustafa Al-Kazemi, is strengthening his position as the "sole alternative" to Zurfi.

Unlike previous times, when leaders of Shiite blocs tabled three names for prime minister at a time, they have now agreed on naming Kazemi.

Despite gaining consensus from several Shiite blocs, it remains unknown if armed factions such as Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq, which is close to Iran, will approve Kazemi’s nomination.

“If a parliamentary vote is held for Zurfi, Sadrist Movement lawmakers will vote for him, and if Kazemi is passed, then the deputies will support him too,” Sadrist Movement official Amir Al-Kananni told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“The Sadrist movement has no particular position on both candidates,” Al-Kananni said.

Kazemi, who is perceived as close to Washington, appears no different than Zurfi, who is also “accused” of having the same close ties.

Moreover, his name was not proposed during discussions among the seven-member Shiite committee that was tasked with nominating a premier. Their failure to reach an agreement on a candidate prompted President Barham Salih to name Zurfi.

In other news, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has announced that the White House will start a "strategic" dialogue with the Iraqi authorities in the middle of June, adding that a variety of issues, including possible future American military deployments, will be on the agenda.

“It’s important that our two governments work together to stop any reversal of the gains we’ve made in our efforts to defeat ISIS and stabilize the country,” Pompeo said.

The dialogue will cover “all strategic issues between our two countries,” Pompeo explained, “including the future presence of the United States forces” in Iraq “and how best to support an independent and sovereign Iraq.”



UNSMIL Launches Campaign Against ‘Hate Speech’ in Libya

Young men from western Libya attend a workshop hosted by UNSMIL in Tripoli. Photo: UNSMIL
Young men from western Libya attend a workshop hosted by UNSMIL in Tripoli. Photo: UNSMIL
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UNSMIL Launches Campaign Against ‘Hate Speech’ in Libya

Young men from western Libya attend a workshop hosted by UNSMIL in Tripoli. Photo: UNSMIL
Young men from western Libya attend a workshop hosted by UNSMIL in Tripoli. Photo: UNSMIL

The United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) launched a campaign against “hate speech” in Libya and warned on Sunday about the negative effects of the phenomenon in a deeply divided country, which has been governed by a “fragile” ceasefire agreement since October 2020.

In recent days, the mission sponsored workshops in dozens of cities, including Tripoli and Benghazi, to discuss and evaluate the phenomenon of hate speech and to examine ways to address it.

Under the slogan “No To Hate Speech,” the UN mission raised concerns about hostile rhetoric based on religion, ethnicity, nationality, race, color, origin, gender or any other factor of identity.

Since the fall of late leader Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, hate speech spread in Libya and it further extended in 2019, when Khalifa Haftar, the commander of the Libyan National Army, called on his military forces to advance on Tripoli.

Akram Al-Najjar, editor-in-chief of the Allash platform, told Asharq Al-Awsat that hate speech across Libya mainly increases when reports emerge about a possible change of government in Tripoli or during wars.

A Tripoli-based Government of National Unity (GNU) under Prime Minister Abdulhamid al-Dbeibah was installed through a UN-backed process in 2021 but the Benghazi-based House of Representatives (HoR) no longer recognizes its legitimacy.

Dbeibah has vowed not to cede power to a new government without national elections.

Amid the political disputes in Libya, the UNSMIL workshops in Tripoli focused on highlighting the distinctions between hate speech and freedom of speech.

Youth participants expressed their concern about the increase of hate speech against different groups on social media, calling for a public campaign to raise awareness of the dangers of incendiary rhetoric.

Eleven young men and women from western Libya participated in the Tripoli workshop, which ended last week. They spoke about the importance of media literacy and recognizing media bias.

“Media bias and hate speech are global issues,” one participant said. “The cultural context may differ from one place to another, but we all share the same rights, and we must stand against hate speech wherever it occurs.”

During the deliberations, attendees emphasized the role that media and politicians play in disseminating misinformation and hateful rhetoric, which can lead to armed confrontations and violence against specific groups or individuals.

“The security situation in Libya is very fragile,” one participant said. “Sometimes, even minor incidents can amplify hate speech between cities and threaten violent escalation.”

Concerns were also raised about hostile rhetoric being directed at different religious sects in Libya by official entities.

“Incitement in the name of religion, especially over minor differences, is one of the most dangerous forms of hate speech, and it may lead to severe consequences,” another participant said.

To prevent a hostile rhetoric in Libya, participants recommended that awareness of hate speech and cybercrimes should be incorporated into the educational curriculum from an early age.

They also called on Libyan media to avoid the rhetoric of political polarization, promote peace, and embrace a code of ethics.

“Cultural exchange programs must be launched with neighboring countries to combat xenophobia and strengthen relations with host communities,” the participants said.

They also recommended the support of local fact-checking initiatives and the use of AI to identify and report hateful rhetoric and disinformation.

Participants then advocated for social justice and decentralization in governance and development, prioritizing transparency.