Armed Clash Looms between Sadr, PMF Factions in Wake of Iraq Elections

Cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, right, displays his ink-stained finger that shows he voted, at a polling center during the parliamentary elections in Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Oct. 10, 2021. (AP)
Cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, right, displays his ink-stained finger that shows he voted, at a polling center during the parliamentary elections in Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Oct. 10, 2021. (AP)
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Armed Clash Looms between Sadr, PMF Factions in Wake of Iraq Elections

Cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, right, displays his ink-stained finger that shows he voted, at a polling center during the parliamentary elections in Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Oct. 10, 2021. (AP)
Cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, right, displays his ink-stained finger that shows he voted, at a polling center during the parliamentary elections in Najaf, Iraq, Sunday, Oct. 10, 2021. (AP)

An armed clash appears to be looming on the horizon between Shiite powers in Iraq in wake of the unexpected results of Sunday’s parliamentary elections.

The Sadrist movement, of influential Shiite cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, emerged as the victor, with his bloc claiming 73 seats in parliament. The official results have yet to be released.

As the votes were being tallied, other Shiite mainly pro-Iran powers were preempting the results by reaching understandings over how to handle the outcome of the elections. These powers met at the residence of the State of Law coalition leader, former Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki.

These powers are leaning towards reaching understandings with other political forces with the purpose of forming the largest parliamentary bloc to counter Sadr’s influence.

These powers include the Shiite forces that were the surprise losers in the elections in what was an unexpected blow. They include the pro-Iran Fatah Alliance, headed by Hadi al-Ameri, and Hikma movement, of Ammar al-Hakim.

Informed sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that these blocs, and others, have held talks on two possible scenarios in the post-elections period. The first calls for holding talks with other blocs, including Shiite, Sunni and Kurdish forces, and the second calls for rejecting the results of the polls.

Regarding the first option, the goal would be the formation of the largest parliamentary bloc that would exceed Sadr’s 73 seats. However, differences still linger between them since the 2010 elections. These blocs have, however, received a push with Maliki’s surprise gains in the elections. He won 37 seats, a jump from the 26 he won in the 2018 polls.

In contrast, the Fatah Alliance won only 14 seats, a shocking drop from the 47 it won in 2018. The Hikma movement did not fare better, it won only two seats, losing 20 from the 22 it claimed in 2018.

Elsewhere among the Shiite forces, former Prime Minister Haidar al-Abadi was another loser, who only won two seats, while head of the pro-Iran Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), Faleh al-Fayyad did not win any.

In wake of these developments, the gatherers at Maliki’s residence are now searching for allies to counterbalance Sadr’s gains. They may turn to the Kurdistan Democratic Party, of Masoud Barzani, and the Sunni Progress Party, of parliament Speaker Mohammed al-Halbousi.

As for the second scenario, the losing Shiite parties, especially the Fatah Alliance, may reject the results of the elections. In fact, several Shiite parties released a statement on Tuesday dismissing the results as a “scam”.

They did say that they will appeal the results, but open and implicit threats have already been made, which may lead to an armed clash in the future.

“We will appeal against the results and we reject them. We will take all available measures to prevent the manipulation of votes,” said the statement also signed by Abadi’s party.

Sadr was quick to respond by announcing that he wanted the formation of a government of independents that would not be swayed by foreign influence. He also stressed that he wanted to limit the possession of weapons in the country to the state.

One of PMF’s most powerful factions, the Hezbollah Brigades, rejected the election as “the biggest scam and rip-off the Iraqi people have been subjected to in modern history.”

“The PMF brothers are the main targets,” its spokesman Abu Ali al-Askari claimed.



Israel Launches Wave of Fresh Strikes on Lebanon

Smoke and sparks ascend from the site of an Israeli airstrike that targeted a building in the southern Lebanese village of Kfour on January 21, 2026. (AFP)
Smoke and sparks ascend from the site of an Israeli airstrike that targeted a building in the southern Lebanese village of Kfour on January 21, 2026. (AFP)
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Israel Launches Wave of Fresh Strikes on Lebanon

Smoke and sparks ascend from the site of an Israeli airstrike that targeted a building in the southern Lebanese village of Kfour on January 21, 2026. (AFP)
Smoke and sparks ascend from the site of an Israeli airstrike that targeted a building in the southern Lebanese village of Kfour on January 21, 2026. (AFP)

Israel launched fresh strikes on what it said were Hezbollah targets in south Lebanon after raids earlier Wednesday killed two people, the latest violence despite a year-old ceasefire with the group.

The state-run National News Agency said Israeli warplanes launched raids on buildings in several south Lebanon towns including Qanarit and Kfour, after the Israeli army issued evacuation warnings to residents identifying sites it intended to strike there.

An AFP photographer was slightly wounded along with two other journalists who were working near the site of a heavy strike in Qanarit.

The Israeli army said it was striking Hezbollah targets in response to the group's "repeated violations of the ceasefire understandings".

Under heavy US pressure and fears of expanded Israeli strikes, Lebanon has committed to disarming Hezbollah.

But Israel has criticized the Lebanese army's progress as insufficient and has kept up regular strikes, usually saying it is targeting members of the Iran-backed group or its infrastructure.

Earlier Wednesday, the health ministry said an Israeli strike on a vehicle in the town of Zahrani, in the Sidon district, killed one person.

An AFP correspondent saw a charred car on a main road with debris strewn across the area and emergency workers in attendance.

Later, the ministry said another strike targeting a vehicle in the town of Bazuriyeh in the Tyre district killed one person.

Israel said it struck Hezbollah operatives in both areas.

A Lebanese army statement decried the Israeli targeting of "civilian buildings and homes" in a "blatant violation of Lebanon's sovereignty" and the ceasefire deal.

It also said such attacks "hinder the army's efforts" to complete the disarmament plan.

This month, the army said it had completed the first phase of its plan to disarm Hezbollah, covering the area south of the Litani river, around 30 kilometers (20 miles) from the Israeli border.

Most of Wednesday's strikes were north of the river.

More than 350 people have been killed by Israeli fire in Lebanon since the ceasefire, according to an AFP tally of health ministry reports.

The November 2024 truce sought to end more than a year of hostilities, but Israel accuses Hezbollah of rearming, while the group has rejected calls to surrender its weapons.


Syria’s Rifaat Al-Assad, ‘Butcher of Hama’, Dies Aged 88, Say Sources

Rifaat al-Assad, uncle of deposed Syrian ruler Bashar al-Assad. (AP file)
Rifaat al-Assad, uncle of deposed Syrian ruler Bashar al-Assad. (AP file)
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Syria’s Rifaat Al-Assad, ‘Butcher of Hama’, Dies Aged 88, Say Sources

Rifaat al-Assad, uncle of deposed Syrian ruler Bashar al-Assad. (AP file)
Rifaat al-Assad, uncle of deposed Syrian ruler Bashar al-Assad. (AP file)

Rifaat al-Assad, uncle of deposed Syrian ruler Bashar al-Assad and dubbed the "Butcher of Hama" for suppressing an uprising in the 1980s, has died aged 88, two sources close to the family said Wednesday.

Once a pillar of the Assad family's dynastic rule, Rifaat "died after suffering from influenza for around a week", one source who worked in Syria's presidential palace for over three decades told AFP.

A second source, an ex-officer of Syria's army in the Assad era, confirmed the death, saying Rifaat had moved to the United Arab Emirates after his nephew's government was toppled by opposition factions in December 2024, without specifying if he died there.

Rifaat's role in a February 1982 massacre as part of a crackdown on an armed revolt by the Muslim Brotherhood earned him the nickname "the Butcher of Hama", referring to the central Syrian city.

His brother Hafez al-Assad, who ruled Syria at the time, launched the campaign, which government forces carried out under the command of Rifaat, who was the head of the elite "Defense Brigades".

The death toll from 27 days of violence, which took place under a media blackout, has never been formally established, though estimates range from 10,000 to 40,000.

Swiss prosecutors had accused Rifaat of a long list of crimes, including ordering "murders, acts of torture, inhumane treatment and illegal detentions" while an officer in the Syrian army.

He also served as vice president under his brother Hafez but went into exile in 1984 after a failed attempt to overthrow him, moving to Switzerland then France.

He later presented himself as an opponent of his nephew Bashar, who succeeded Hafez in 2000.

In 2021, he returned to Syria from France to escape a four-year prison sentence for money laundering and misappropriation of Syrian public funds.

Two years later, he appeared in a family photo alongside Bashar, the ruler's wife Asma and other relatives.

Shortly after Bashar's ouster, Rifaat crossed into Lebanon and then flew out of Beirut airport, a Lebanese security source said at the time, without specifying his final destination.


Palestinian PM to Asharq Al-Awsat: Gaza Rebuilding Delays Aid Displacement Plans

Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Palestinian PM to Asharq Al-Awsat: Gaza Rebuilding Delays Aid Displacement Plans

Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa (Asharq Al-Awsat)

With a fragile ceasefire holding in the Gaza Strip amid continued Israeli violations and overlapping political and security pressures, Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa has set out a roadmap for the next phase, beginning with urgent humanitarian needs and extending to reconstruction, institution-building, and the reunification of Gaza and the West Bank.

 

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Mustafa tied the provision of “decent housing, even if temporary,” to the launch of reconstruction efforts, the opening of border crossings, the restoration of security, and the prevention of displacement.

 

Any delay in these steps, he warned, would undermine recovery prospects and advance what he described as Israel’s aim of pushing Gaza’s population to leave.

 

Delaying these steps, he warned, threatens recovery prospects and serves what he described as Israel’s objective of pushing Gaza’s population to leave.

 

Decent living basics are a top priority

 

Mustafa said the progress achieved so far on the Gaza ceasefire “deserves thanks to all international and Arab parties” that helped secure it and set the process toward subsequent steps.

 

But he stressed that the next phase still requires extensive work and that “everything must start with the basics.”

 

“People are still dying and suffering under these conditions,” he said. “There is indeed no famine today, but decent housing is not available, even temporarily, at least.” He said Israel “continues to impose restrictions” on this front, calling housing “an absolute priority.”

 

“We do not want to talk about big things. Let us simplify matters,” Mustafa added. “After food and water, the most basic need is for people to live in a dignified place. We are not asking for apartment buildings or villas, just temporary housing, a ready place, a room of 70 or 100 square meters for a family to live with dignity.”

 

Two conditions for economic recovery

 

The Palestinian prime minister said the second step after providing temporary housing was “seriously thinking about launching economic recovery and reconstruction, even in their initial stages.”

 

While acknowledging that arrangements are complex, he said they hinge on two essential conditions: opening the crossings and restoring security.

 

“Without opening the crossings, construction materials will not enter, and without security, there will be no reconstruction, no economy, nothing at all,” he said.

 

He added that the next step must be to allow crossings to open for the entry of construction materials and to begin repairing infrastructure to restore basic services, stressing that this “necessarily requires improving the security situation.”

 

Security and institution-building

 

Mustafa said improving security must be based on recognizing that the current situation is temporary and that, “ultimately, after around two years, full authority must return to the Palestinian Authority.”

 

“We want to build all institutions, including the security institution, and we are taking this into account,” he said.

 

In this context, he said efforts were underway to accelerate work with partners, particularly Egypt, Europeans, and Jordan, to reestablish or strengthen the Palestinian security force, especially the Palestinian police, so that it can maintain security in Gaza.

 

He added that an international military peace force, if deployed, could provide additional support and help preserve calm with Israel.

 

Unifying institutions between Gaza and the West Bank

 

Mustafa said the government is working to develop the performance of institutions in Gaza so they can carry out their duties in delivering services to citizens, but within unified institutional and legal frameworks linking Gaza and the West Bank.

 

He said the ultimate goal is the unity of Gaza and the West Bank as a step toward establishing a Palestinian state, as agreed at the New York conference led by Saudi Arabia and France, and as outlined in President Donald Trump’s plan and UN Security Council Resolution 2803.

 

That resolution, he said, stipulates that the process begins with a ceasefire and ends with self-determination and the establishment of a Palestinian state.

 

Asked whether displacement plans still pose a real threat, Mustafa said: “We hope displacement will not be real and will not succeed. But to ensure its failure, we must achieve what we talked about: reconstruction, relief, housing, and security.”

 

“How can people live?” he asked, warning that the absence of these fundamentals would push people to look for any opportunity to leave, which he said is what Israel wants.