Saudi Arabia Tops Hydrocarbon Producers in Oil, Gas Emissions

Mining is one of the sectors targeted to attract investments and diversify sources of income in Saudi Arabia (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Mining is one of the sectors targeted to attract investments and diversify sources of income in Saudi Arabia (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Arabia Tops Hydrocarbon Producers in Oil, Gas Emissions

Mining is one of the sectors targeted to attract investments and diversify sources of income in Saudi Arabia (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Mining is one of the sectors targeted to attract investments and diversify sources of income in Saudi Arabia (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia has been able to score higher than other hydrocarbon producers in many indicators related to the emissions performance of the oil and gas sector.

Over the past year, the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have updated their medium-term greenhouse gas emissions targets by submitting revised nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement.

The Kingdom, the UAE, and Bahrain announced their targets for zero-emissions neutrality in the middle of the century.

A recent study issued by the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) focused on how the GCC countries manage their energy and emissions and how they are in a position to advance towards circular economies of carbon or zero neutrality.

The study indicated that the first version of the Circular Carbon Economy Index (CCE) showed that the GCC countries’ ranks range from the twelfth to the twenty-seventh, with the UAE ranking the highest and Oman the lowest.

The study found that although each country will have its unique pathway to net-zero and CCEs, the GCC countries share several structural and other similarities, which create opportunities for both sharing lessons and cooperating on the road to net-zero emissions.

The paper found that, although as a group, the GCC countries outperform their non-OECD peers and neighbors in the Middle East and Africa region in most areas measured by the CCE Index, they should undertake further efforts if they wish to improve their position in the global CCE transition.

A Fellow II in the Climate and Sustainability Program, and a co-author of the paper, Mari Luomi, said that using the circular carbon economy concept can help countries increase their ambition in their climate goals and targeted actions.

Luomi noted that it broadens the scope of the available technology options.

She indicated that the circular carbon economy in the Gulf region could help achieve buy-ins from many industries with limited and cost-effective options to decarbonize without using fossil fuels.

Fatih Yilmaz, another co-author, noted that a critical enabler of circular carbon economies, the GCC countries’ average is higher than their non-industrialized peers but lower than those of the world’s top 20 oil producers.

The third co-author, Thamir al-Shehri, stressed that Saudi Arabia achieves higher scores than other hydrocarbon producers in many indicators of the oil and gas sector’s emissions performance.

The Kingdom’s exports of hydrocarbons will enjoy a competitive advantage as the country pursues full circularity, or net-zero emissions, according to Shehri.

Meanwhile, Saudi Industrial Production Index (IPI) increased by 17.7 percent compared to July 2021 in light of favorable growth rates due to the high production in mining & quarrying, manufacturing activity, and electricity and gas supply.

The General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT) issued Sunday its monthly bulletin for July, showing that mining and quarrying grew by 14.1 percent compared to July 2021 as Saudi Arabia increased its oil production to its highest level by more than 10 million barrels per day in July 2022.

The manufacturing activity increased by 32.6 percent compared to the same month of the previous year. The electricity and gas supplies rose by 5 percent.

Compared to June 2022, the overall IPI increased by 1.6 percent mining and quarrying showed a month-on-month growth rate of 1.6 percent, while the manufacturing sector grew 0.3 percent, and electricity and gas supplies saw a 14.6 rise.

The impact of growth in the electricity and gas supplies index on the IPI was limited due to its small weight in the index.

The General Authority for Statistics issues several statistical products related to the industry, including the Industrial Production Index (IPI).

The IPI is an economic indicator that reflects the relative changes in the volume of industrial output. It is calculated based on the industrial production survey.

The IPI data is based on the International Standard Industrial Classification of Economic Activities (ISIC 4), and the index is published monthly.



Saudi Arabia, Syria Sign Joint Airline and Telecoms Deals

Officials pose after signing a framework agreement for developmental cooperation and the launch of 45 development initiatives between the Syrian Development Fund and Saudi Arabia's Development Committee at the People's Palace in Damascus, Syria, Saturday, Feb. 7, 2026. (AP)
Officials pose after signing a framework agreement for developmental cooperation and the launch of 45 development initiatives between the Syrian Development Fund and Saudi Arabia's Development Committee at the People's Palace in Damascus, Syria, Saturday, Feb. 7, 2026. (AP)
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Saudi Arabia, Syria Sign Joint Airline and Telecoms Deals

Officials pose after signing a framework agreement for developmental cooperation and the launch of 45 development initiatives between the Syrian Development Fund and Saudi Arabia's Development Committee at the People's Palace in Damascus, Syria, Saturday, Feb. 7, 2026. (AP)
Officials pose after signing a framework agreement for developmental cooperation and the launch of 45 development initiatives between the Syrian Development Fund and Saudi Arabia's Development Committee at the People's Palace in Damascus, Syria, Saturday, Feb. 7, 2026. (AP)

Syria and Saudi Arabia signed deals Saturday that include a joint airline and a $1-billion project to develop telecommunications, officials said, as Syria seeks to rebuild after years of war.

The new authorities in Damascus have worked to attract investment and have signed major agreements with several companies and governments.

Syrian Investment Authority chief Talal al-Hilali announced a series of deals including "a low-cost Syrian-Saudi airline aimed at strengthening regional and international air links".

The agreement also includes the development of a new international airport in the northern city of Aleppo, and redeveloping the existing facility.

Hilali also announced an agreement for a project called SilkLink to develop Syria's "telecommunications infrastructure and digital connectivity".

Syrian Telecommunications Minister Abdulsalam Haykal told the signing ceremony that the project would be implemented "with an investment of around $1 billion".

For decades, Syria was unable to secure significant investments because of Assad-era sanctions.

But the United States fully removed its remaining sanctions on Damascus late last year, paving the way for the full return of investments.

Syria and Saudi Arabia also inked an agreement on water desalination and development cooperation on Saturday.

At the ceremony, Saudi Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih announced the launch of an investment fund for "major projects in Syria with the participation of the (Saudi) private sector".

The deals are part of "building a strategic partnership" between the two countries, he said.

Syria's Hilali said the agreements targeted "vital sectors that impact people's lives and form essential pillars for rebuilding the Syrian economy".

Syria has begun the mammoth task of trying to rebuild its shattered infrastructure and economy.

In July last year, Riyadh signed investment and partnership deals with Damascus valued at $6.4 billion to help rebuild the country's infrastructure, telecommunications and other major sectors.

A month later, Syria signed agreements worth more than $14 billion, including investments in Damascus airport and other transport and real estate projects.

This week, Syria signed a preliminary deal with US energy giant Chevron and Qatari firm Power International to explore for oil and gas offshore.


India’s Modi Lauds Interim Trade Pact After US Tariff Rollback

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi addresses the media before the budget session of Parliament at Parliament House in New Delhi, India, 29 January 2026. (EPA)
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi addresses the media before the budget session of Parliament at Parliament House in New Delhi, India, 29 January 2026. (EPA)
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India’s Modi Lauds Interim Trade Pact After US Tariff Rollback

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi addresses the media before the budget session of Parliament at Parliament House in New Delhi, India, 29 January 2026. (EPA)
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi addresses the media before the budget session of Parliament at Parliament House in New Delhi, India, 29 January 2026. (EPA)

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday hailed an interim trade agreement with the United States, saying it would bolster global growth and deepen economic ties between the two countries.

The pact cuts US "reciprocal" duties on Indian products to 18 percent from 25 percent, and commits India to large purchases of US energy and industrial goods.

US President Donald Trump, while announcing the deal Tuesday, had said Modi promised to stop buying Russian oil over the war in Ukraine.

The deal eases months of tensions over India's oil purchases -- which Washington says fund a conflict it is trying to end -- and restores the close ties between Trump and the man he describes as "one of my greatest friends."

"Great news for India and USA!" Modi said on X on Saturday, praising US President Donald Trump's "personal commitment" to strengthening bilateral ties.

The agreement, he said, reflected "the growing depth, trust and dynamism" of their partnership.

Modi's remarks came hours after Trump issued an executive order scrapping an additional 25 percent levy imposed over New Delhi's purchases of Russian oil, in a step to implement the trade deal announced this week.

Modi, who has faced criticism at home about opening access of Indian agricultural markets to the United States and terms on oil imports, did not mention Russian oil in his statement.

"This framework will also strengthen resilient and trusted supply chains and contribute to global growth," he said.

It would also create fresh opportunities for Indian farmers, entrepreneurs and fishermen under the "Make in India" initiative.

In a separate statement, Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal said the pact would "open a $30 trillion market for Indian exporters".

Goyal also said the deal protects India's sensitive agricultural and dairy products, including maize, wheat, rice, soya, poultry and milk.

Other terms of the agreement include the removal of tariffs on certain aircraft and parts, according to a separate joint statement released Friday by the White House.

The statement added that India intends to purchase $500 billion of US energy products, aircraft and parts, precious metals, tech products and coking coal over the next five years.

The shift marks a significant reduction in US tariffs on Indian products, down from a rate of 50 percent late last year.

Washington and New Delhi are expected to sign a formal trade deal in March.


Gold Bounces Back on Softer Dollar, US-Iran Concerns; Silver Rebounds

Gold and silver bars are stacked in the safe deposit boxes room of the Pro Aurum gold house in Munich, Germany, January 10, 2025. REUTERS/Angelika Warmuth
Gold and silver bars are stacked in the safe deposit boxes room of the Pro Aurum gold house in Munich, Germany, January 10, 2025. REUTERS/Angelika Warmuth
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Gold Bounces Back on Softer Dollar, US-Iran Concerns; Silver Rebounds

Gold and silver bars are stacked in the safe deposit boxes room of the Pro Aurum gold house in Munich, Germany, January 10, 2025. REUTERS/Angelika Warmuth
Gold and silver bars are stacked in the safe deposit boxes room of the Pro Aurum gold house in Munich, Germany, January 10, 2025. REUTERS/Angelika Warmuth

Gold rebounded on Friday and was set for a weekly gain, helped by bargain hunting, a slightly weaker dollar and lingering concerns over US-Iran talks in Oman, while silver recovered from a 1-1/2-month low.

Spot gold rose 3.1% to $4,916.98 per ounce by 09:31 a.m. ET (1431 GMT), recouping losses posted during a volatile Asia session that followed a fall of 3.9% on Thursday. Bullion was headed for a weekly gain of about 1.3%.

US gold futures for April delivery gained 1% to $4,939.70 per ounce.

The US dollar index fell 0.3%, making greenback-priced bullion cheaper for the overseas buyers.

"The gold market is seeing perceived bargain hunting from bullish traders," said Jim Wyckoff, senior analyst at Kitco Metals.

Iran and the US started high-stakes negotiations via Omani mediation on Friday to try to overcome sharp differences over Tehran's nuclear program.

Wyckoff said gold's rebound lacks momentum and the metal is unlikely to break records without a major geopolitical trigger.

Gold, a traditional safe haven, does well in times of geopolitical and economic uncertainty.

Spot silver rose 5.3% to $74.98 an ounce after dipping below $65 earlier, but was still headed for its biggest weekly drop since 2011, down over 10.6%, following steep losses last week as well.

"What we're seeing in silver is huge speculation on the long side," said Wyckoff, adding that after years in a boom cycle, gold and silver now appear to be entering a typical commodity bust phase.

CME Group raised margin requirements for gold and silver futures for a third time in two weeks on Thursday to curb risks from heightened market volatility.

Spot platinum added 3.2% to $2,052 per ounce, while palladium gained 4.9% to $1,695.18. Both were down for the week.