Number of Syrian Refugees in Türkiye Hits Lowest in 7 Years

Syrian refugees return home from Bab al-Hawa crossing (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Syrian refugees return home from Bab al-Hawa crossing (Asharq Al-Awsat)
TT

Number of Syrian Refugees in Türkiye Hits Lowest in 7 Years

Syrian refugees return home from Bab al-Hawa crossing (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Syrian refugees return home from Bab al-Hawa crossing (Asharq Al-Awsat)

The number of Syrian refugees under temporary protection registered in Türkiye has decreased significantly in 2023, registering its lowest level in seven years, according to data published by the Turkish General Directorate of Migration Management on Monday.

The Directorate said that since the beginning of this year, the number of Syrian refugees has decreased by 247,143 people, while the number of registered refugees has decreased by 19,127 people in October compared to September,.

It said the number of registered Syrian refugees in Türkiye has dropped to 3,288,755 Syrians, the lowest number in seven years.

According to the age range table published by the Directorate, Syrian men make up 52,4% of the total number of Syrians. The percentage of Syrian women is 47,6%.

The data also showed that 97,7% of Syrians live in cities and that their proportion to the Turkish population varies according to the population density and residence preferences.

In June, following the May parliamentary and presidential elections, Turkish authorities launched a security campaign targeting illegal migrants and violators of residency permits, during which thousands of Syrian refugees have been deported.

Last month, Turkish Interior Minister Ali Yerlikaya announced the deportation of 42,875 irregular migrants between June 1 and Sept. 22, 2023.

In statements following a meeting of the Turkish government in Ankara, Yerlikaya pointed out that about 100,000 irregular migrants have been arrested since his assumption of duty on June 1 until Sept. 22, 2023. He pointed out that such figures do not include infiltration attempts through the borders.

Separately in Syria, Turkish forces, Syrian government forces and the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) continued to clash in Aleppo, amid an ongoing escalation in the de-escalation zones in northwestern Syria, known as “Putin-Erdogan” area, which witnessed fighting between Syrian forces and armed factions, while Russian warplanes hit Idlib, Latakia and Hama.

On Sunday, Turkish forces targeted the village of Sheikh Issa in northern Aleppo, injuring a civilian.

Also, Turkish forces injured a Syrian soldier when it hit a Syrian army position near the village of Mayasa, adjacent to the Shirawa village in the countryside of Afrin. The villages are located within the deployment areas of SDF fighters and the Syrian army in the countryside of northern Aleppo.

Meanwhile, Syrian regime forces renewed ground shelling on several villages in the “Putin-Erdogan” area, where they fired heavy artillery shells on the two villages of Kafr Ta’al and Kafr Nouran Villages in western Aleppo countryside.

On Saturday, the Turkish Defense Ministry said three SDF members were killed in Aleppo while trying to carry out attacks on the Olive Branch and Peace Spring areas, which are under the control of Turkish forces and factions of the pro-Ankara Syrian National Army.

Also amid the ongoing escalation in the Putin-Erdogan area in northwest Syria, the Russian warplanes launched an airstrike on the vicinity of Al-Saramaniyah village in Sahil Al-Ghab area in the western countryside of Hama.

Also, a Russian warplane fired highly explosive missiles on the vicinity of Arnaba village in southern Idlib countryside and the frontlines of Kibana Hills in northern Lattakia countryside.

In the last 24 hours, Russian warplanes carried out four airstrikes targeting positions in Telal Al-Kabinah in the northern countryside of Latakia.

A Syrian soldier was killed during fighting between regime forces and factions of “Al-Fath Al-Mubin” on the frontline of Jourin in Sahil Al-Ghab area in the western countryside of Hama.

Meanwhile, regime forces fired heavy artillery shells on the vicinity of Tadil and Kafar Taal villages in the western countryside of Aleppo.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said it has documented 333 operations in the “de-escalation zone” since early 2023, including attacks, gunfire by snipers and bombardment, which left 518 combatants and civilians dead.



Washington Tightens Conditions on Lebanese Army, Unconditional Aid Ends

Passersby near the United States Capitol (Reuters)
Passersby near the United States Capitol (Reuters)
TT

Washington Tightens Conditions on Lebanese Army, Unconditional Aid Ends

Passersby near the United States Capitol (Reuters)
Passersby near the United States Capitol (Reuters)

As US-brokered direct talks between Lebanon and Israel unfold in Washington, Congress is stepping up pressure of a different kind, pushing the Lebanese army to act on pledges to disarm Hezbollah or face a freeze in annual US military aid.

Senior congressional sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that Republicans have “grown tired of hearing promises from the Lebanese army to disarm Hezbollah without seeing real effort on the ground.”

The sources, who spoke on condition of anonymity due to ongoing internal deliberations, said “the time has come for serious action,” adding that the army must prove its credibility.

They noted that funding approved by Congress comes from US taxpayers, stressing that amid heightened scrutiny of public spending under President Donald Trump, lawmakers want to ensure “every dollar is spent for a meaningful purpose.”

Pressure builds

The message is echoed by key Senate Republicans.

Senator Roger Wicker, the chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, issued a public call to halt US support to the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) unless they act to “completely” and “immediately” disarm Hezbollah.

Wicker made the statement on X after a French service member was killed in southern Lebanon. France has accused Hezbollah of killing the peacekeeper.

“Hezbollah’s killing of a French service member in southern Lebanon, only days after Israel agreed to a ceasefire, is a critical test for the Lebanese Armed Forces. Congress should not support the LAF unless it acts to disarm Hezbollah completely — and immediately,” Wicker wrote on X.

On Tuesday, Senator Jim Risch, who heads the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, made a similar call.

Risch said he agreed with Wicker, adding it was “well past time for the LAF to take tangible action to fully disarm Hezbollah and for the Lebanese government to follow through on long-promised economic reform.”

Risch said “the era of complacency and unconditional bailouts must come to an end.”

Commander under fire

In Washington, doubts are growing over Lebanese army commander Rodolphe Haykal.

Most US officials have avoided publicly calling for his removal, but Republican Senator Lindsey Graham did not. He said this week he does not trust the army to disarm Hezbollah and that Haykal should be replaced before there can be a credible plan.

Graham added that no peace deal in Lebanon will happen without a “credible path” to disarm the group.

Tensions surfaced during Haykal’s February visit to Washington, when Graham cut short a meeting after the Lebanese commander declined to label Hezbollah a terrorist organization, saying it was not so in the context of Lebanon.

"As long as this attitude persists within the Lebanese Armed Forces, I don't think we have a reliable partner in them," Graham said, echoing sentiment circulating in Congress, where lawmakers say disarming Hezbollah is the priority.

Talks seen as positive

Despite warnings about the lack of alternatives to the Lebanese army, congressional sources said aid cannot continue to be sent “blindly,” calling for strict conditions.

Lawmakers are closely watching the US-backed talks between Lebanon and Israel, describing the track as “positive” and strongly supporting the White House effort.

They acknowledge the complexity of the Lebanese file but say past approaches have failed, calling for a shift in strategy.

Wider US role

The US president’s move to return Lebanon to Washington’s strategic agenda, alongside a pledge to “make Lebanon great again,” includes tasking Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Vice President JD Vance, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Dan Caine with working alongside Israel and Lebanon toward “sustainable peace.”

The inclusion of Caine suggests a more active US military role.

Former US ambassador to Lebanon David Hale said one lesson Washington drew from last year is that the role of US Central Command in the monitoring group was limited, with forces confined to observation.

Speaking at a Middle East Institute event in Washington attended by Asharq Al-Awsat, he said the United States needs to go beyond monitoring, while stressing this does not mean imposing Lebanese sovereignty.

Hale noted that the Lebanese army must remain the implementing force, but Washington can be more engaged, not only through equipment and aid, but also by providing advice and more active intelligence support.

He said strong person-to-person ties between the US and Lebanese militaries could help build confidence and motivation among Lebanese personnel to carry out their duties.

Reform, sanctions in focus

Economic reform is also high on the agenda.

Congressional sources said failure to advance banking reforms creates “a major loophole” that allows Hezbollah to maintain its influence.

“We are in a vicious cycle. If Lebanon’s political class is not prepared to turn words into action, why should we continue to bail it out?” the sources said.

They added that lawmakers are watching Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri, warning that sanctions against reform obstructers remain possible.

Aid under review

As Congress sets defense spending priorities, some lawmakers are moving to translate their stance into amendments to final bills.

Since 2006, the United States has provided more than $2.5 billion in military aid to Lebanon to bolster border security, counterterrorism, and the army as a state institution.

Under Trump’s second administration, more than $117 million announced in January 2025 is aimed at helping the army maintain the ceasefire with Israel and implement UN Security Council Resolution 1701.

In October 2025, Washington approved $230 million in security assistance, including $190 million for the army and $40 million for internal security forces, following a separate $14.2 million package announced in September to boost the army’s ability to dismantle weapons stockpiles and infrastructure of non-state actors, including Iran-backed Hezbollah.


Israeli Fire Kills Five in Gaza and the West Bank, Medics Say

 Election campaign banners showing candidates for the upcoming municipal elections hang on a building in Deir el-Balah in the central Gaza Strip on April 21, 2026.  (Photo by Eyad Baba / AFP)
Election campaign banners showing candidates for the upcoming municipal elections hang on a building in Deir el-Balah in the central Gaza Strip on April 21, 2026. (Photo by Eyad Baba / AFP)
TT

Israeli Fire Kills Five in Gaza and the West Bank, Medics Say

 Election campaign banners showing candidates for the upcoming municipal elections hang on a building in Deir el-Balah in the central Gaza Strip on April 21, 2026.  (Photo by Eyad Baba / AFP)
Election campaign banners showing candidates for the upcoming municipal elections hang on a building in Deir el-Balah in the central Gaza Strip on April 21, 2026. (Photo by Eyad Baba / AFP)

Israeli airstrikes killed at least four Palestinians in Gaza on Thursday, while soldiers shot and killed a 15-year-old child during an army raid in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, Palestinian health officials said.

One person was killed in a strike in southern Gaza's Khan Younis in which several others were wounded, local medics said. Israel's military said it had targeted militants transporting munitions, who it said had posed a threat to Israeli soldiers, Reuters reported.

Three others, including a rescue worker, were killed in a separate strike in Maghazi, a Palestinian refugee camp in the Deir al Balah area in central Gaza, health officials said. Israel's military had no immediate comment on that strike.

Israel has carried out repeated strikes on Gaza since a US-brokered ceasefire came into effect in October. Both Israel and Hamas have accused each other of ceasefire violations.

There is no mechanism for enforcing the ceasefire. Four Israeli soldiers and more than 780 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza since the ceasefire started.

At Gaza City's Al Shifa Hospital, the territory's largest medical facility, relatives stood among mourners gathered to bury five people, including three children, who were killed on Wednesday in an Israeli airstrike on a northern Gaza town.

"There is no ceasefire, no truce, nothing at all," said Mohammed Baalousha, a relative of one of the victims. "There is no safety in any area."

Israel's military has not commented on the strike.

WEST BANK VIOLENCE

In the West Bank city of Nablus, health officials said Israeli forces shot and killed a teenager during an ongoing raid in the city.

The health ministry said Israeli settlers shot and killed a 25-year-old Palestinian man in Deir Dibwan town near Ramallah a day ago, in the latest in what human rights groups have described as a surge in violence against Palestinians waged by Israeli settlers and soldiers.

The Israeli military did not immediately comment on either incident. The Palestinian health ministry said at least 15 people had been killed by Israeli settlers' attacks so far this year.


Disputes Over Quotas Stall Iraq Government Talks

A handout image released by the Iraqi Parliament Media Office on April 11, 2026, shows Iraqi members of parliament attending a session to elect a new president, in Baghdad. (Photo by IRAQ PARLIAMENT MEDIA OFFICE / AFP)
A handout image released by the Iraqi Parliament Media Office on April 11, 2026, shows Iraqi members of parliament attending a session to elect a new president, in Baghdad. (Photo by IRAQ PARLIAMENT MEDIA OFFICE / AFP)
TT

Disputes Over Quotas Stall Iraq Government Talks

A handout image released by the Iraqi Parliament Media Office on April 11, 2026, shows Iraqi members of parliament attending a session to elect a new president, in Baghdad. (Photo by IRAQ PARLIAMENT MEDIA OFFICE / AFP)
A handout image released by the Iraqi Parliament Media Office on April 11, 2026, shows Iraqi members of parliament attending a session to elect a new president, in Baghdad. (Photo by IRAQ PARLIAMENT MEDIA OFFICE / AFP)

Rivalries within Iraq’s Shiite Coordination Framework have led to a political deadlock over naming a new prime minister, as internal disagreements persist over both the selection mechanism and the division of ministerial posts among the bloc’s factions.

According to sources, a meeting of Coordination Framework leaders - postponed several times in recent days - will focus on finding a solution that reconciles two approaches: one based on the “electoral weight” of member blocs, and the other on “political consensus” to choose a compromise candidate acceptable to all parties.

The bloc has failed to agree on a nominee during two previous meetings after votes between two leading candidates ended in a tie, deepening divisions and delaying a decision. The upcoming session is seen as potentially decisive, though another postponement remains possible if differences persist.

An Iraqi political source said a decision on the prime minister could come within hours as the constitutional deadline approaches.

“I expect the matter to be settled one way or another, because next Saturday marks the final deadline, and continued delay is already having a negative impact even among their own base,” the source said.

The source added that if the alliance adopts the criterion of electoral weight, Ihsan al-Awadi, the candidate backed by Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani, would have the strongest chances. However, if the decision remains confined to the bloc’s leadership, the contest would stay within a pool of 12 votes, with the balance possibly tipping in favor of Bassem al-Badri.

The dispute extends beyond the selection mechanism to include internal bargaining over the distribution of ministries and sovereign portfolios. Some factions have tied their support for any candidate to the size of their share in the next government, further complicating negotiations.

Two prominent candidates have emerged with nearly equal backing within the Coordination Framework, resulting in a deadlock and reviving the option of a compromise candidate if neither consensus nor a majority decision can be reached.

The Coordination Framework, formed after the most recent elections, includes several major Shiite forces, among them alliances led by former prime ministers Nouri al-Maliki and Haider al-Abadi, as well as the bloc of current Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani, who is heading a caretaker government. Political pressure is mounting as the constitutional deadline nears for the president to designate a new prime minister.

The election of President Nizar Amidi has triggered the formal government formation process, with a constitutional deadline set to expire on April 26, placing political forces under pressure to avoid a return to prolonged deadlock.

With complications persisting, there are many scenarios, including a last-minute agreement, further delay, or a shift toward a compromise candidate. The standoff underscores fragile cohesion within the Shiite camp and a widening gap between electoral calculations and the demands of political consensus.