Saudi Budget Results Highlight Progress in Implementing Reforms

A report issued by Riyad Bank expects the non-oil private sector to grow by 4.5% this year (SPA)
A report issued by Riyad Bank expects the non-oil private sector to grow by 4.5% this year (SPA)
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Saudi Budget Results Highlight Progress in Implementing Reforms

A report issued by Riyad Bank expects the non-oil private sector to grow by 4.5% this year (SPA)
A report issued by Riyad Bank expects the non-oil private sector to grow by 4.5% this year (SPA)

The Saudi budget statement for the first quarter of 2024 highlighted the government’s continued efforts to complete the reform process and achieve financial sustainability in the face of global challenges.
Saudi Arabia considers strengthening non-oil activities and empowering the private sector to be two pillars of Vision 2030. Last year, non-oil activities in Saudi Arabia grew by 4.7 percent, and recorded their highest contribution to real GDP ever at 50 percent.
Non-oil revenues in Saudi Arabia during the first quarter of 2024 amounted to about SAR 111.5 billion ($26.7 billion), an increase of 9 percent, compared to SAR 102.3 billion ($27.28 billion) in the same period last year.
Oil revenues reached SAR 181.9 billion ($48.5 billion), recording an increase of 2 percent compared to the first quarter of 2023, as total revenues reached SAR 293.433 billion ($78.2 billion).
This increase comes in light of the continued implementation of structural initiatives and reforms to diversify the economy and enhance non-oil revenues, in addition to developing tax administration and improving collection procedures.
Expenses
Total expenses in the first quarter of 2024 amounted to SAR 305.8 billion ($81.5 billion), recording an increase of 8 percent compared to the same period in 2023, where they reached SAR283.9 billion ($75.7 billion).
The government has continued to provide social support to those eligible, in addition to developing the level of public services provided to citizens and residents, and implementing many projects and strategies that achieve positive structural changes, with the aim to diversify the economic base.
Deficit
The budget deficit at the end of the first quarter of 2024 amounted to about SAR 12.4 billion ($3.3 billion), compared to about SAR 2.9 billion ($773 million) in the same period last year, due the Saudi trend to adopt expansionary spending for activities with economic returns, while accelerating the implementation of projects and programs with social and economic incomes.
At the same time, the Kingdom’s fiscal policy aims to achieve a balance between promoting economic growth, maintaining financial sustainability and developing non-oil revenues, while working to raise the efficiency of spending and increase the participation of the private sector in the economy.
Public debt
The total public debt until the end of the first quarter of 2024 was about SAR 1,115.8 trillion ($297.5 billion), including SAR 665.0 billion ($177.3 billion) in internal debt.
The figures of the first quarter of 2024 confirm that the government is completing the financial and economic reforms within the framework of Saudi Vision 2030, with the aim to achieve financial sustainability in the medium and long terms and enhance the strength of the economy, in the face of global economic challenges and developments.
Health and social development
Government support for the sectors of health, social development and municipal services is considered one of the pillars that contribute to improving and raising the quality of public services provided to citizens and residents, and thus promoting the quality of life, in accordance with Saudi Vision 2030.
Total spending on these sectors by the end of the first quarter of 2024 amounted to about SAR 87.3 billion ($23.28 billion), registering an increase of 22 percent compared to the same period last year.
Goods and services expenses
The first quarter report showed a significant increase in expenses on goods and services compared to the same period last year, as a result of a rise in expenditures on medical supplies for the health and social development sector, and the military.
This comes in parallel with an increase in spending on many programs and strategies related to promising sectors, including sports, in addition to the country’s efforts to develop the tourism sector.
The first quarter report also showed a significant increase in spending on the municipal services sector compared to the same period last year. This includes spending on developmental housing programs, which will contribute to raising the percentage of property ownership among Saudi families, as well as spending on a number of projects and initiatives aimed at improving the quality of life of citizens, such as the sports track project and the green suburbs initiative.
Non-oil revenues
The first quarter report also highlighted a rise in non-oil revenues compared to the same period or 2023.
The consumer spending index grew by about 10.6 percent during the first quarter, while bank credit granted to the private sector increased by about 10.1 percent and the number of factories that started production reached about 172 during the first two months of this year.
Economic strength
In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat, Shura Council member Fadl al-Buainain said that the results of the Saudi budget during the first quarter of 2024 confirmed Saudi Arabia’s trend to expand spending on the health and social development sectors.
He noted that the figures also showed the government’s keenness to complete financial and fiscal reforms within the framework of Saudi Vision 2030.

 

 



World Food Prices Dip in October, but Remain Higher Than a Year Ago

A worker carries loaves of bread for sale at a bakery in the capital city of Cairo, Egypt November 4, 2026. (Reuters)
A worker carries loaves of bread for sale at a bakery in the capital city of Cairo, Egypt November 4, 2026. (Reuters)
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World Food Prices Dip in October, but Remain Higher Than a Year Ago

A worker carries loaves of bread for sale at a bakery in the capital city of Cairo, Egypt November 4, 2026. (Reuters)
A worker carries loaves of bread for sale at a bakery in the capital city of Cairo, Egypt November 4, 2026. (Reuters)

World food prices edged lower in October as weaker import demand contributed to monthly declines in cereal, dairy and meat prices, but were still nearly 6% higher than a year earlier, the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization said on Friday.

The FAO Food Price Index, which tracks monthly changes in international prices for a basket of food commodities, ‌averaged 133.9 points ‌in October, down from a revised ‌135.6 ⁠in September.

The index ⁠was 5.9% higher than a year earlier, but remained 16.4% below its March 2022 peak.

FAO's cereal price index fell 4.5% from September and was 12.6% lower than a year ago, as wheat and maize quotations declined. Wheat prices eased on weak import demand ⁠and improved production prospects, especially in Argentina.

"Expectations of ‌easing constraints on Black ‌Sea export flows added to the downward pressure on prices, ‌although continued disruptions to Black Sea logistics limited the decline," ‌FAO said in a statement.

Maize prices also eased after reaching a three-year high in September, pressured by the US harvest, expectations of ample supplies in South America and renewed ‌prospects of easing tensions in the Black Sea region.

Vegetable oil prices edged up 0.3%, ⁠as ⁠higher soybean and sunflower oil prices more than offset a fall in rapeseed oil prices.

Sugar prices rose 6.6%, their fourth straight monthly increase, to the highest level since December 2024, after rainfall disrupted harvesting in Brazil. They were now 28.8% above a year ago.

The dairy index fell 1.1%, as lower butter and cheese prices linked to ample supplies and subdued demand outweighed gains in milk powder.

The meat index declined 1.2%, while still slightly above its year-earlier level, as ovine and bovine meat prices fell.


Copper Falls, Set for Worst Week Since March on AI Rout

Copper at the Aurubis copper smelting and refining plant in Hamburg, Germany. (Reuters)
Copper at the Aurubis copper smelting and refining plant in Hamburg, Germany. (Reuters)
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Copper Falls, Set for Worst Week Since March on AI Rout

Copper at the Aurubis copper smelting and refining plant in Hamburg, Germany. (Reuters)
Copper at the Aurubis copper smelting and refining plant in Hamburg, Germany. (Reuters)

Copper dropped on Friday and was set for its biggest weekly drop in London since March, as a rout in technology stocks battered markets.

Benchmark three-month copper on the London Metal Exchange was down 1.3% at $13,663 a metric ton by 0700 GMT. That placed it on track to fall 3.44% in the week, Reuters said.

The most-traded copper contract on the Shanghai Futures Exchange fell 1.08% to 106,830 yuan ($16,018.17) a ton.

The weakness reflects worries over AI investment, ‌with copper increasingly ‌influenced by "sentiment towards data center expansion," said ‌Craig ⁠Lang, principal analyst ⁠at CRU.

Technology shares were battered after Democratic wins in the US midterms fueled concerns that new regulatory oversight could cap the AI buildout.

On the other hand, supply constraints cushioned copper's decline.

"I would be cautious about calling this a sustained correction, given ongoing mine supply challenges and exceptionally tight ⁠metal availability outside the US," Lang said.

Copper stocks ‌in SHFE-monitored warehouses <CU-STX-SGH> fell by ‌over 24% this week to just 33,848 tons — the lowest ‌in almost three years. The closely watched Yangshan copper ‌premium <SMM-CUYP-CN>, a gauge of appetite for imports into key consumer China, increased to $210 a ton on Thursday, matching its record high.

Smelters in the country are facing a double squeeze of negative treatment ‌charges and lower sulfuric acid prices.

Meanwhile, warehouse inventories outside the US have been drawn ⁠down as ⁠material was pulled into the country ahead of a potential tariff on imports of refined copper.

"These physical constraints should provide some support against weaker investor sentiment," Lang said.

Among LME metals, aluminium lost 0.54%, zinc lost 1.42%, lead lost 0.45%, nickel dipped 0.23% and tin gained 0.83%.

On the SHFE, aluminium nudged down only 0.04%, zinc lost 1.35%, lead was little changed, down only 0.03%, nickel rose 2.14% and tin dropped 3.45%.

SHFE inventories were down across the board this week, led by sharp drops in aluminium <AL-STX-SGH> and lead <PB-STX-SGH>.


Emerging Economies Set to Match Advanced Nations’ Renewable Capacity Additions, IEA Says

Workers walk at Kalyon Karapinar solar power plant in Karapinar, Konya province, Türkiye, Oct. 14, 2026. (AP)
Workers walk at Kalyon Karapinar solar power plant in Karapinar, Konya province, Türkiye, Oct. 14, 2026. (AP)
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Emerging Economies Set to Match Advanced Nations’ Renewable Capacity Additions, IEA Says

Workers walk at Kalyon Karapinar solar power plant in Karapinar, Konya province, Türkiye, Oct. 14, 2026. (AP)
Workers walk at Kalyon Karapinar solar power plant in Karapinar, Konya province, Türkiye, Oct. 14, 2026. (AP)

Emerging ‌and developing economies outside China are expected to add as much new renewable energy capacity as advanced economies for the first time over the next five years, driven by the current energy crisis, the International Energy Agency said on Friday.

Gas and oil prices have soared this year as the US-Iran war disrupts traffic through the Strait of Hormuz, a key route for global oil and gas trade.

Global renewable energy ‌capacity is forecast ‌to increase by almost 4,800 gigawatts ‌between ⁠2026 and 2031, ⁠the IEA said in its annual outlook.

Emerging and developing economies are expected to add about 1,100 GW, roughly the same as advanced economies, with China adding around 2,550 GW, the agency said.

Capacity growth in Southeast Asia, Africa and the Middle East is ⁠expected to triple over the period, ‌led mainly by solar installations, ‌the IEA said.

China will remain the biggest contributor to ‌global renewable energy growth, although its share is ‌forecast to fall to 53% by 2031 from 60% in 2025.

India is emerging as the world's second-fastest deployer of renewables and is expected to more than double its contribution ‌to global growth by 2031 to nearly 8.5%.

Grid connection delays remain ⁠a major ⁠challenge, with projects awaiting connections worldwide rising 60% over the past year, equivalent to four times the wind and solar capacity connected to grids during the same period.

Grid constraints are expected to slow growth in advanced economies, with annual additions in Europe through 2031 forecast to remain broadly in line with 2025 levels.

Renewable energy is expected to meet 6% of global transport energy demand by 2031, while higher fuel-blending mandates prompted the IEA to raise its biofuels forecast by 40% from last year's report.