Swedish Minister: FII Opportunity to Bolster Cooperation, Development with Africa

Sweden’s Minister for International Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade Benjamin Dousa. (Turky Al-Agili)
Sweden’s Minister for International Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade Benjamin Dousa. (Turky Al-Agili)
TT

Swedish Minister: FII Opportunity to Bolster Cooperation, Development with Africa

Sweden’s Minister for International Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade Benjamin Dousa. (Turky Al-Agili)
Sweden’s Minister for International Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade Benjamin Dousa. (Turky Al-Agili)

Sweden’s Minister for International Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade Benjamin Dousa stressed that the Future Investment Initiative, currently underway in Riyadh, was an ideal opportunity to bolster experiences and create a transformation in the cooperation and trade movement.

In an interview with Asharq Al-Awsat, he underlined the need to create economic integration with African countries and benefit from their natural resources to boost cooperation and sustainable development and combat poverty.

He also emphasized the importance of trade, private investment and loans to achieve sustainable development goals. No country can be removed from poverty by solely relying on development assistance, he remarked.

* What is your assessment of Saudi-Swedish relations? What are the most prominent areas of cooperation? What is the volume of trade exchange and what is the growth rate?

Saudi-Swedish relations are excellent. Saudi Arabia is an important partner for Sweden and our largest trading partner in the MENA-region. Trade and investments, with a focus on innovation and green solutions, are at the heart of our cooperation and constantly growing.

Over the last five years, Swedish exports to Saudi Arabia increased with 72% to 1.3 billion USD. To me, these figures clearly prove that Swedish companies have a lot to offer in the fast and impressive reformation of the Saudi society in line with Vision 2030. Swedish companies, such as Ericsson, Siemens Energy, Scania, Astra Zeneca and the Volvo Group, are ready to contribute with their expertise in telecom, energy, the automobile industry, and life sciences.

Swedish companies, such as Hitachi Energy and Molnlycke, see great potential in the Saudi market and have made significant investments into local manufacturing, creating new jobs, transferring knowledge and contributing to in-country investment.

* What is the nature of your participation in the Future Investment Initiative (FII) in Riyadh? What are the most important topics that interest you at this event?

The FII-conference serves as a perfect opportunity for me, as a newly appointed Swedish minister for foreign trade, to get a crash course on the Saudi market and Swedish business interests in Saudi Arabia. I especially look forward to learning more about Vision 2030 and the giga-projects, which are truly impressive. I will be speaking at a panel on economic integration in Africa. My visit to Riyadh is also an opportunity for me to meet Saudi cabinet ministers and other high ranking Saudi officials. I know that my predecessor was very pleased with his visit to FII last year.

* Is there a new project under study and research for cooperation between the two countries and what is its nature?

The cooperation between King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) and Ericsson is exemplary in this regard. Beyond working together on research and science, they have just announced a joint program with The Garage, a Saudi hub for innovation and entrepreneurship. The project aims to support Saudi game developers. Swedish innovators have a lot of experience to share in this field.

I would also like to highlight the third Swedish-Saudi Joint Commission that will take place in Riyadh next week. The Joint Commission is an excellent showcase of the multifaceted cooperation between Sweden and Saudi Arabia. The commission serves as a government-led platform for identification of concrete actions in support of trade and cooperation in areas ranging from export financing instruments, trade policy, healthcare, energy, tourism, to innovation and promotion of small and medium enterprises.

* What is the Swedish plan to maximize development cooperation and increase foreign trade?

Sweden is a strong proponent of free trade. I am convinced that fewer trade barriers and simplified trade procedures boost competition and productivity and reduce global value chain vulnerabilities. Unfortunately, in recent years, we have seen many countries introducing new trade barriers and export restrictions. I believe that free, sustainable, and rules-based international trade and globally accepted standards is the only way forward. Sweden’s own journey from a poor country based on farming to one of the world’s most innovative nations was only possible through international trade.

My government is changing the course of Swedish development cooperation. Sweden will continue to be major donor of both development assistance and humanitarian aid, but we are putting a much stronger emphasis on the essential link between trade and development.

Trade, private investment, loans, and domestic resource mobilization is necessary for countries to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. No country can be lifted out of poverty with the help of development assistance alone. Swedish development cooperation should contribute to creating conditions for developing countries and for people to go from poverty to prosperity through trade and economic development.

* What is the impact of geopolitical events in the region on development cooperation, foreign trade and supply chains?

I am deeply worried by the ongoing escalation in the region. Sweden fully supports diplomatic efforts for regional de-escalation and ceasefires in Lebanon and Gaza. We greatly appreciate Saudi Arabia’s initiatives for peace and de-escalation, as exemplified by the kingdom’s efforts to, again, bring new momentum for a two-state solution.

The Houthi attacks on free trade in the Red Sea have now been impeding trade flows for over a year. Over 12 percent of the world maritime trade used to pass through the Red Sea. This is a global concern. Many Swedish businesses have been affected by delayed deliveries linked to the situation in the Red Sea. Sweden is contributing to the EU defensive military force Operation Aspides in the Red Sea, aiming at protecting vessels. The attacks on free trade must come to an end for the benefit of all.



IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
TT

IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference on Emerging Market Economies (EME) to enhance cooperation between the two institutions.

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki, SPA reported.

The agreement aims to strengthen coordination in economic and financial policy areas, including surveillance and lending activities, data and analytical exchange, capacity building, and the provision of technical assistance, in support of regional financial and economic stability.

Both sides affirmed that the MoU represents an important step toward deepening their strategic partnership and strengthening the regional financial safety net, serving member countries and enhancing their ability to address economic challenges.


Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
TT

Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT

The Federation of Saudi Chambers announced the formation of the first joint Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council for its inaugural term (1447–1451 AH) and the election of Salman bin Hassan Al-Oqayel as its chairman.

Al-Oqayel said the council’s formation marks a pivotal milestone in economic relations between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, reflecting a practical approach to enabling the business sectors in both countries to capitalize on promising investment opportunities and strengthen bilateral trade and investment partnerships, SPA reported.

He noted that trade between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait reached approximately SAR9.5 billion by the end of November 2025, including SAR8 billion in Saudi exports and SAR1.5 billion in Kuwaiti imports.


Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
TT

Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).

Harvard University economics professor Pol Antràs said Saudi Arabia represents an exceptional model in the shifting global trade landscape, differing fundamentally from traditional emerging-market frameworks. He also stressed that globalization has not ended but has instead re-formed into what he describes as fragmented integration.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Antràs said Saudi Arabia’s Vision-driven structural reforms position the Kingdom to benefit from the ongoing phase of fragmented integration, adding that the country’s strategic focus on logistics transformation and artificial intelligence constitutes a key engine for sustainable growth that extends beyond the volatility of global crises.

Antràs, the Robert G. Ory Professor of Economics at Harvard University, is one of the leading contemporary theorists of international trade. His research, which reshaped understanding of global value chains, focuses on how firms organize cross-border production and how regulation and technological change influence global trade flows and corporate decision-making.

He said conventional classifications of economies often obscure important structural differences, noting that the term emerging markets groups together countries with widely divergent industrial bases. Economies that depend heavily on manufacturing exports rely critically on market access and trade integration and therefore face stronger competitive pressures from Chinese exports that are increasingly shifting toward alternative markets.

Saudi Arabia, by contrast, exports extensively while facing limited direct competition from China in its primary export commodity, a situation that creates a strategic opportunity. The current environment allows the Kingdom to obtain imports from China at lower cost and access a broader range of goods that previously flowed largely toward the United States market.

Addressing how emerging economies should respond to dumping pressures and rising competition, Antràs said countries should minimize protectionist tendencies and instead position themselves as committed participants in the multilateral trading system, allowing foreign producers to access domestic markets while encouraging domestic firms to expand internationally.

He noted that although Chinese dumping presents concerns for countries with manufacturing sectors that compete directly with Chinese production, the risk is lower for Saudi Arabia because it does not maintain a large manufacturing base that overlaps directly with Chinese exports. Lower-cost imports could benefit Saudi consumers, while targeted policy tools such as credit programs, subsidies, and support for firms seeking to redesign and upgrade business models represent more effective responses than broad protectionist measures.

Globalization has not ended

Antràs said globalization continues but through more complex structures, with trade agreements increasingly negotiated through diverse arrangements rather than relying primarily on multilateral negotiations. Trade deals will continue to be concluded, but they are likely to become more complex, with uncertainty remaining a defining feature of the global trading environment.

Interest rates and artificial intelligence

According to Antràs, high global interest rates, combined with the additional risk premiums faced by emerging markets, are constraining investment, particularly in sectors that require export financing, capital expenditure, and continuous quality upgrading.

However, he noted that elevated interest rates partly reflect expectations of stronger long-term growth driven by artificial intelligence and broader technological transformation.

He also said if those growth expectations materialize, productivity gains could enable small and medium-sized enterprises to forecast demand more accurately and identify previously untapped markets, partially offsetting the negative effects of higher borrowing costs.

Employment concerns and the role of government

The Harvard professor warned that labor markets face a dual challenge stemming from intensified Chinese export competition and accelerating job automation driven by artificial intelligence, developments that could lead to significant disruptions, particularly among younger workers. He said governments must adopt proactive strategies requiring substantial fiscal resources to mitigate near-term labor-market shocks.

According to Antràs, productivity growth remains the central condition for success: if new technologies deliver the anticipated productivity gains, governments will gain the fiscal space needed to compensate affected groups and retrain the workforce, achieving a balance between addressing short-term disruptions and investing in long-term strategic gains.