Saudi Arabia Signs Renewable Energy Cooperation Program with 3 Countries at COP29

Saudi Energy Minister with Presidents of Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan (Ministry Website)
Saudi Energy Minister with Presidents of Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan (Ministry Website)
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Saudi Arabia Signs Renewable Energy Cooperation Program with 3 Countries at COP29

Saudi Energy Minister with Presidents of Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan (Ministry Website)
Saudi Energy Minister with Presidents of Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan (Ministry Website)

Saudi Arabia has signed a joint agreement with Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan to boost cooperation on renewable energy during the COP29 climate summit in Baku.

The deal focuses on developing and sharing renewable energy technologies, highlighting Saudi Arabia’s push for sustainable solutions under its Vision 2030 strategy. The partnership aims to strengthen regional collaboration and advance clean energy projects.

Saudi Energy Minister Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman signed the joint energy agreement with Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan during COP29 in Baku.

The signing, attended by the presidents of the three nations, aims to boost cooperation on renewable energy projects.

The new agreement focuses on building regional electricity connections using renewable energy to improve energy infrastructure and integrate clean energy into national grids, according to Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Energy.

It also aims to explore joint investment opportunities, supporting regional electricity projects and renewable energy initiatives led by Saudi firm ACWA Power in the three Central Asian countries.

The countries also agreed to share expertise through knowledge exchanges, conferences, and joint working sessions to strengthen cooperation.

This latest signing follows previous energy agreements between Saudi Arabia and Kazakhstan, signed in June 2023, and with Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan in May and August 2023, respectively.

At the event, Prince Abdulaziz also oversaw two strategic deals between ACWA Power and local entities to support renewable energy projects.

One agreement with Uzbekistan’s Ministry of Energy focuses on developing battery energy storage systems (BESS) to improve grid stability.

The other deal, with Azerbaijan’s SOCAR and UAE's Masdar, aims to develop offshore wind projects in the Caspian Sea, the first of its kind in Azerbaijan.

The Saudi Electricity Company, along with network operators from Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan, signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to develop regional interconnection projects.

Additionally, the company signed another MOU with Azerbaijan’s AzerEnergy to collaborate on electricity transmission and the integration of renewable energy sources into the electrical grid.



Japan to Recognize Cryptocurrency As 'Financial Assets'

A man stands near an advertisement of a cryptocurrency exchange in Tokyo, Japan March 30, 2018. Picture taken March 30, 2018. REUTERS/Toru Hanai 
A man stands near an advertisement of a cryptocurrency exchange in Tokyo, Japan March 30, 2018. Picture taken March 30, 2018. REUTERS/Toru Hanai 
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Japan to Recognize Cryptocurrency As 'Financial Assets'

A man stands near an advertisement of a cryptocurrency exchange in Tokyo, Japan March 30, 2018. Picture taken March 30, 2018. REUTERS/Toru Hanai 
A man stands near an advertisement of a cryptocurrency exchange in Tokyo, Japan March 30, 2018. Picture taken March 30, 2018. REUTERS/Toru Hanai 

Japan’s parliament approved new amendments on Wednesday that will recognize cryptocurrencies as financial assets, a move that would put their regulation under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act, according to Japanese Broadcaster NHK.

Crypto had previously been regulated mainly under Japan’s Payment Services Act, which treated it more as a payment method than an investment product.

With the latest change, cryptocurrency trading will become subject to rules closer to those governing stocks and other securities, including restrictions on trading based on insider information.

That could give regulators clearer grounds to pursue project founders, exchange employees and other people who trade before market-moving information becomes public.

The law also raises the maximum punishment for operating an unregistered crypto trading business from three years in prison and a fine of about $20,000 to 10 years and roughly $67,000.

The new regulations don’t limit themselves to the fight against insider trading. The regulations will require crypto exchanges to comply with the general structure of Japan’s financial services industry, according to Anderson Mori & Tomotsune Law Firm in Japan, according to Japanese law firm Anderson Mori & Tomotsune.

Additionally, some crypto issuers will have to make certain disclosure requirements similar to those made by firms issuing securities.

Crypto lenders will be subjected to regulation, and firms that offer wallets and other technologies to exchanges may face new notification and compliance requirements, per the report.

Economic Plan

Separately, Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi on Wednesday said she saw no link between her government's draft economic blueprint ‌and a recent market rout that has driven Japanese government bond (JGB) yields to multi-decade highs.

“I do not believe that a single draft government document, which has not even been approved by the cabinet yet, ⁠is the cause of the market shock,” Takaichi told parliament.

Concerns about political interference in monetary policy have grown since the government in its draft blueprint said it was "very important for monetary policy to be guided appropriately to achieve a stronger economy". The draft was followed by a selloff in JGBs.

Takaichi also said interest rates, as ‌well ⁠as foreign exchange rates, are "determined by a variety of factors. Looking at today's market moves, for example, there are influences from US interest rates and employment data," she said.

The prime ⁠minister said she saw the current debate on temporary cuts in food sales tax as a chance to establish a ⁠system in which consumption tax rates could be changed flexibly.

Asked about the yen's persistent weakness, she said boosting ⁠domestic investment and strengthening international competitiveness would raise potential growth and maintain confidence in the yen.

 

 


Global Economy Faces Fresh Supply Shock as Hormuz Crisis Escalates

 A ship crosses the Strait of Hormuz off Oman’s Musandam governorate on April 12. REUTERS
A ship crosses the Strait of Hormuz off Oman’s Musandam governorate on April 12. REUTERS
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Global Economy Faces Fresh Supply Shock as Hormuz Crisis Escalates

 A ship crosses the Strait of Hormuz off Oman’s Musandam governorate on April 12. REUTERS
A ship crosses the Strait of Hormuz off Oman’s Musandam governorate on April 12. REUTERS

A fresh escalation in US-Iranian tensions has plunged global trade and financial markets back into deep uncertainty, threatening to slow economic growth and drive shipping and marine insurance costs to record highs.

With the conflict hanging over vital sea lanes, the global economy is also grappling with mounting structural strain.

Strategic oil reserves are lower, while investors are increasingly reluctant to commit to long-term plans, leaving markets exposed to the sharpest supply shock since the start of the year.

Fadl bin Saad al-Buainain, a member of Saudi Arabia’s Shura Council, said the renewed tensions were gathering force like a “snowball,” with the risks growing steadily.

He said rising uncertainty would weigh particularly heavily on regional economies, disrupting foreign investment flows and undermining government spending on development projects.

Al-Buainain said any direct confrontation would hit critical sectors immediately.

Energy supplies could be disrupted by the closure of the Strait of Hormuz or attacks on oil facilities, sending prices sharply higher.

Major shipping routes could be cut, paralyzing supply chains. Government budgets would also come under pressure, especially in countries without alternative routes for crude exports, threatening both revenues and imports.

He warned against allowing the political deadlock to drag on and urged the activation of serious diplomatic channels.

Without genuine diplomacy, he said, proposed negotiations and agreements risk becoming little more than a means of buying time and preparing for a wider military confrontation.

Al-Buainain also called on the international community, through the United Nations and the Security Council, to adopt a clear resolution guaranteeing freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz.

He said an international force should be formed to protect oil tankers and cargo vessels from continued Iranian threats to civilian assets and economic facilities.

Economy caught in the ‘Hormuz vise’

Abdulrahman Baeshen, head of the Al-Shorouq Center for Economic Studies in Jazan, said recent US statements that memorandums of understanding with Tehran were no longer in effect, combined with renewed strikes on Iranian ports and cities, had piled further pressure on global markets already under strain for months.

The impact was immediate, with oil prices rising by more than $4 a barrel.

Baeshen warned that the continued militarization or closure of the Strait of Hormuz would deliver a series of severe shocks to the global economy.

Energy, food, agriculture, pesticides and fertilizers would be among the first sectors hit, he said.

He said a return to economic stability and market certainty depended on the parties resuming serious negotiations and halting reciprocal attacks, allowing the strategic waterway to reopen and shipping to resume safely.

Supply shocks return as recovery falters

Khaled Ramadan, head of the International Center for Strategic Studies in Cairo, said renewed military conflict around the Strait of Hormuz threatened to revive the supply shock that hit the world in early 2026.

He said the escalation could push crude prices close to $100 a barrel in the near term, disrupt petrochemical and food supplies and trigger a renewed surge in energy inflation.

The global economy had only begun to recover from the spring crisis, Ramadan said, but was now entering another period of instability.

The risks are greater because major economies have already drawn down part of their strategic petroleum reserves, he added.

Ramadan said the sectors most at risk were:

Shipping and maritime transport: Hit by record bunker fuel prices and soaring war-risk insurance costs.

Agriculture and fertilizers: Pressured by an expected rise in natural gas prices, raising the risk of a global food crisis that would hit developing countries hardest.

Heavy and energy-intensive industries: Including aluminum, steel, cement and chemicals.

Aviation and tourism: Exposed to higher jet fuel prices and rising airfares.

Options for confronting the crisis

Ramadan said the deep imbalances caused by tensions in the Strait of Hormuz required a two-track response to the cumulative strain.

The first track would focus on urgent action.

That would include immediately activating alternative pipelines, such as Saudi Arabia’s East-West pipeline and pipelines in the United Arab Emirates, increasing production from independent producers including the United States, Brazil and Canada, and redirecting trade through alternative logistics networks.

The second track would focus on longer-term structural measures.

These would include accelerating energy diversification, building larger strategic reserves capable of absorbing prolonged shocks and creating strong regional energy alliances linking Gulf producers with consumers in fast-growing Asian markets.


Saudi Inflation Holds Firm Despite Energy Shock

Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)
Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)
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Saudi Inflation Holds Firm Despite Energy Shock

Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)
Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)

Saudi Arabia’s inflation rate held steady at 1.8% in June, underscoring the economy’s price stability as renewed conflict in the Middle East raises fears of higher energy costs and a fresh wave of global inflation.

The reading, released by the General Authority for Statistics on Wednesday, kept the Kingdom among the G20 economies with the lowest inflation rates and broadly aligned with Saudi government and International Monetary Fund forecasts.

The data showed that the Saudi economy entered the latest period of global volatility from a relatively strong position, with inflation remaining subdued despite uncertainty across energy and financial markets.

The June figures preceded renewed turbulence in global oil markets after the war in the Middle East resumed, pushing crude prices higher and raising concerns that energy costs could feed into consumer prices elsewhere.

For Saudi Arabia, stable inflation provides a buffer against any price pressures that may emerge in the coming months.

Housing remained the main driver of inflation. Prices for housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels rose 3.5% from a year earlier, led by a 4.4% increase in actual housing rents. The rise reflected stronger demand in major cities and rapid urban expansion linked to the Kingdom’s large development projects.

Transport prices increased 1.7%, while food and beverage prices rose 1.4%. Declines in several other categories helped contain the overall rate.

Prices for personal care, social protection and miscellaneous goods and services rose 3.8%, driven by a 14.7% jump in jewelry and watch prices amid record increases in global gold and precious-metal prices.

Recreation, sports and culture prices climbed 2.5%, reflecting a 4.2% increase in the cost of holiday packages and tourist trips.

By contrast, prices for furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance fell 0.6%, while clothing and footwear prices declined 0.4% year on year. The falls helped offset inflation in housing and other services and reflected continued competition across consumer markets.

Monthly rise remains modest

On a monthly basis, consumer prices rose 0.2% in June from May 2026.

Food and beverage prices increased 0.7%, driven by a rise of the same rate in food prices.

Housing, electricity and gas prices edged up 0.1%, while transport costs rose 0.4%.

Prices for personal care and social protection fell 1.0% from the previous month. Restaurant and accommodation services declined 0.1%, while communication prices also slipped 0.1%.

Among the G20’s lowest

Saudi Arabia's inflation remained below the levels recorded in several major economies.

Inflation stood at 3.5% in the United States in June, around 3% in Britain and close to 2% in the eurozone. Some emerging economies continued to post much higher rates.

That left Saudi Arabia among the least inflationary economies in the G20, even as it pressed ahead with large-scale investment and development programs.

The Kingdom’s inflation rate also remained below the average for advanced economies and well below that of emerging and developing markets, where food, energy and currency pressures have been more pronounced.

The figures point to Saudi Arabia’s ability to maintain price stability while expanding investment and implementing major development projects.

That contrasts with economies where stronger spending or higher energy costs have translated into faster inflation.

Official forecasts

The June reading was consistent with Saudi Finance Ministry forecasts for average inflation of about 2% in 2026.

It also aligned with IMF estimates issued in May and June, which projected that average inflation in Saudi Arabia would fall below 2% this year.

The IMF attributed the outlook to the strength of the Kingdom’s economic fundamentals and the effectiveness of domestic policies in containing inflationary pressures.

The fund expects global inflation to average 4.7% in 2026, up from 4.1% in 2025, before easing to 3.9% in 2027.

Those projections reflect continued pressure from tensions in the Middle East and higher energy prices. Saudi inflation, by comparison, is expected to remain below half the projected global average.

Why inflation has stayed low

Economists attribute the Kingdom’s low inflation to resilient economic fundamentals, effective monetary and fiscal policies, improved supply-chain efficiency and government measures aimed at maintaining adequate supplies of goods and services.

Rapid growth in non-oil activities and increased investment under Vision 2030 have also strengthened the economy’s ability to absorb external shocks without a significant pass-through to consumer prices.

Stable inflation helps preserve household purchasing power, but its effects extend further. It supports investor confidence, gives businesses greater visibility over future costs and reduces uncertainty around investment and consumption decisions.

Analysts said moderate inflation also gives policymakers more room to support economic growth as global markets brace for the impact of higher energy prices.

They expect the effect of those pressures on Saudi consumer prices to be more limited than in many other economies.

More certainty for businesses

Hisham Abu Jamea, chief adviser at Naif Al Rajhi Company, said stable inflation was a positive sign for prices and purchasing power and reinforced Saudi Arabia’s position among the G20 economies with the lowest inflation rates.

“Stable inflation provides a more predictable environment for individuals and the business sector and gives decision-makers greater room to focus on supporting economic growth,” he told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Abu Jamea said Saudi Arabia had managed to keep inflation below 2% despite global disruptions and economic challenges.

Housing remained the main source of pressure because of its large weighting in the consumer price index, he added.

However, recent government initiatives in the real estate sector were expected to ease price pressures and help bring inflation down, he stressed.

Growth without sharp price increases

Salem Baajajah, a professor of economics at King Abdulaziz University, said the 1.8% reading showed that economic growth in Saudi Arabia was no longer necessarily accompanied by sharp price increases.

He described that as an important shift from the experience of many global economies in recent years.

Maintaining inflation at its current level gives policymakers more room to proceed with major projects and economic diversification programs without allowing higher prices to undermine consumption or investment, he told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“The most important indicator is not merely that inflation remains low, but the quality of that stability,” Baajajah said.

“If it is supported by increased domestic production, broader competition and improved supply-chain efficiency, it becomes sustainable rather than temporary,” he remarked.

“The challenge in the next stage will not be to push inflation even lower, but to keep it within a moderate range that is consistent with an economy growing rapidly and attracting substantial investment,” he added.