Saudi Arabia Completes 90% of Arabian Shield Survey

Drilling and excavation work at a site in the Arabian Shield region, Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Drilling and excavation work at a site in the Arabian Shield region, Saudi Arabia (SPA)
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Saudi Arabia Completes 90% of Arabian Shield Survey

Drilling and excavation work at a site in the Arabian Shield region, Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Drilling and excavation work at a site in the Arabian Shield region, Saudi Arabia (SPA)

Saudi Arabia is advancing its exploration of mineral resources in the Arabian Shield, a region covering 630,000 square kilometers, about a third of the country.

The Kingdom has completed 90% of the survey and released geological data covering 400,000 square kilometers, or 65% of the total survey area.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, CEO of the Saudi Geological Survey Abdullah Al-Shamrani affirmed that this aims to attract investment in the mining sector.

The Arabian Shield is crucial for Saudi Arabia, as it contains key metallic minerals such as silver, gold, zinc, and copper.

The Arabian Shield runs along the Red Sea coast and the Gulf of Aqaba, from northern Jordan to the Saudi-Yemeni border. It covers regions such as Tabuk, Madinah, Makkah, Al-Baha, Asir, and Jazan, spanning 630,000 square kilometers, or about one-third of Saudi Arabia's land.

The geological survey in this area plays a key role in developing the sector, providing accurate data to attract both local and international investments.

This supports economic growth and helps diversify income sources in line with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030.

In a statement to Asharq Al-Awsat at the fourth edition of the world’s leading platform on minerals, the Future Minerals Forum (FMF), Al-Shamrani revealed that a new batch of geological data covering 65% of the geophysical survey in the Arabian Shield was released.

This move opens up new opportunities for mining investors.

The project started in 2021, when the survey began collecting and analyzing data on the mineral wealth in the Arabian Shield.

After nine months of work, the database now covers 400,000 square kilometers, providing detailed information to guide investment decisions in mineral exploration, according to Al-Shamrani.

These data are not just technical but are driving increased demand for mining licenses, highlighting the value of accurate information in attracting investment.

Thanks to digital tools, investors worldwide can easily access this data, supporting investment in promising mining projects. With each new update, Saudi Arabia gets closer to completing the full survey of the Arabian Shield.

Al-Shamrani explained that the data includes interconnected layers of geophysical and geochemical information, such as analysis and drilling results. Each new update provides valuable insights for investors, helping them make data-driven decisions.

He also expected that the remaining data sets would be released soon, completing all work in the Arabian Shield.

Mustafa Maki, head of the National Geological Database Initiative at the Saudi Geological Survey, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the new coverage of the airborne geophysical survey includes magnetic and radiometric data, showing a 5% increase over previous periods.

Forty-three new squares have been added, bringing the total to 164 out of 252.

The data is now being processed and will soon be available to investors and visitors through the Saudi Geological Database.

The Saudi Geological Survey has launched new coverage for the surface geochemical survey of valley sediments, adding maps showing the distribution of individual elements and their statistical data.

This expansion covers an additional 20% of the previous area, bringing the total to 10 out of 50 geological squares.

The survey includes data on 57 out of 75 chemical elements, mapped to show their distribution in the squares. Statistical information on these elements has also been released, according to Maki.

Maki emphasized that geological data is crucial for the mining industry worldwide. Investors rely on this data to decide whether to proceed with investments or detailed exploration.

He added that the data from the Saudi Geological Survey, including geophysical and geochemical surveys, provides a strong knowledge base for investors.

This, along with technical reports and other geological data, helps investors make informed decisions about mining and exploration in the Arabian Shield.

Rana Zamai, Chair of the Women’s Empowerment Committee in Mining at the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources, confirmed to Asharq Al-Awsat that all necessary requirements for establishing the Women in Mining Association have been completed.

The association is expected to be launched on the upcoming International Women's Day.

Zamai highlighted that a special networking event was held at the FMF, bringing together women from the public and private sectors in mining from 80 countries.

The event was attended by five female leaders from major women’s mining organizations, representing countries like the UK, South Africa, Australia, and Türkiye.

She also pointed out that a key highlight this year was the participation of 25 geology students from King Abdulaziz University, the first group of its kind in Saudi Arabia. The students are expected to graduate in three to four years.



Trump Treasury Pick Bessent Backs Fed Independence, Dollar, Sanctions on Russian Oil

 Scott Bessent, US President-elect Donald Trump's nominee to be secretary of treasury, looks on as he testifies during a Senate Committee on Finance confirmation hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, US, January 16, 2025. (Reuters)
Scott Bessent, US President-elect Donald Trump's nominee to be secretary of treasury, looks on as he testifies during a Senate Committee on Finance confirmation hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, US, January 16, 2025. (Reuters)
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Trump Treasury Pick Bessent Backs Fed Independence, Dollar, Sanctions on Russian Oil

 Scott Bessent, US President-elect Donald Trump's nominee to be secretary of treasury, looks on as he testifies during a Senate Committee on Finance confirmation hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, US, January 16, 2025. (Reuters)
Scott Bessent, US President-elect Donald Trump's nominee to be secretary of treasury, looks on as he testifies during a Senate Committee on Finance confirmation hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, US, January 16, 2025. (Reuters)

President-elect Donald Trump's pick for Treasury secretary, Scott Bessent, said on Thursday that the dollar should remain the world's reserve currency, the Federal Reserve should stay independent and that he is ready to impose tougher sanctions on Russia's oil sector.

Bessent, testifying at a Senate Finance Committee confirmation hearing, underscored an urgent need to extend Trump's 2017 individual tax cuts, saying that allowing them to expire at the end of this year would unleash a $4 trillion tax hike that could crush the US economy.

"If we do not renew and extend, then we will be facing an economic calamity," Bessent said. "We will see a gigantic middle class tax increase."

Bessent, a hedge fund manager and founder of Key Square Capital Management, voiced support for Trump's plans to impose steep tariffs, saying they would combat unfair trade practices, raise revenues and increase US negotiating leverage, including on non-trade issues.

In prepared remarks he said pro-growth tax, investment, trade and energy policies would usher in a "a new economic golden age" of prosperity.

RUSSIAN OIL SANCTIONS

Bessent said that US sanctions against Russia's oil sector have been too weak, partly because the Biden administration was too concerned about increasing prices at the same time it was constraining US oil output. Increased US oil production would allow for tougher sanctions on Russian oil majors, he said.

"I think if any officials in the Russian Federation are watching this confirmation hearing, they should know that if I'm confirmed, and if President Trump requests as part of his strategy to end the Ukraine war, that I will be 100% on board with taking sanctions up - especially on the Russian oil majors - to levels that would bring the Russian Federation to the table," Bessent said.

He also had harsh words for China, calling it "the most imbalanced, unbalanced economy in the history of the world," one that was trying to export its way out of a "severe recession/depression" and the US could not allow China to flood US or world markets with cheap goods.

NO DRAMA

In a hearing marked by few testy exchanges, Bessent coolly fielded questions ranging from child tax credits to tariff impacts on farmers and did not stray from answers consistent with previous Republican Treasury nominees, but without contradicting Trump's policy plans.

He said that US spending on President Joe Biden's clean energy tax credit was "wildly out of control" and that high deficits in recent years were due to a "spending problem." Asked if a 100% tax credit for business research and development needed to be restored, he said his "inclination" would be to support that.

Democrats chided Bessent for taking advantage of a tax loophole, the legality of which has been disputed by the Internal Revenue Service, to reduce the Medicare taxes paid by his hedge fund by $910,000 over three years.

"This is exactly the kind of abusive scheme that leaves Americans feeling disgusted with our tax system," said Senator Ron Wyden, the panel's top Democrat.

Bessent said that he would set aside funds to pay any taxes owing once the case is decided. He has pledged to shutter Key Square to avoid conflicts of interest if his nomination is confirmed.

FED INDEPENDENCE

Markets were expected to scrutinize Bessent's comments on keeping the Federal Reserve independent for clues as to whether Trump would try to exert control over the US central bank given the president-elect's frequent complaints over Fed interest rate decisions.

But Bessent came down firmly on the side of Fed monetary policy independence, adding that Trump would still make his views known.

"I think on monetary policy decisions, the FOMC should be independent," he said, referring to the Fed's rate-setting panel, the Federal Open Market Committee.

Although some economists have said that Trump's plans to impose tariffs, cut taxes and curb immigration would be inflationary, Bessent disagreed, saying Trump's plans, including increased energy production, would lower inflation to the Fed's 2% target while increasing wages.

Despite Trump's longstanding complaints about a strong dollar hurting US exports, Bessent said: "Critically - critically - we must ensure that the dollar remains the world's reserve currency."

Bessent also rejected the idea of a central bank digital currency for the Fed, saying that the dollar's wide use and security made this unnecessary. He said he was open to the idea of creating a US sovereign wealth fund, but said the US needed to get control over short-term deficit growth first.

HIGH DEBT, LESS CAPACITY

Bessent vowed that there would be no debt default on US Treasury debt under his watch. Asked whether Congress should abandon the federal debt ceiling, Bessent said that if Trump requested that, he would work with Congress to make it happen.

The high debt level means that there is less capacity to borrow heavily to combat a crisis, Bessent said, citing examples of the 1930s Great Depression, World War Two and the recent COVID-19 pandemic.

"Treasury – along with the whole of government and Congress - has used its borrowing capacity to save the union, save the world, and save the American people," Bessent said. "What we currently have now, we would be hard pressed to do the same."