Egypt Cuts Interest Rates for Fourth Time in 2025 as Inflation Eases

Prices in Egypt are expected to ease following an interest rate cut. (Ministry of Supply and Internal Trade)
Prices in Egypt are expected to ease following an interest rate cut. (Ministry of Supply and Internal Trade)
TT

Egypt Cuts Interest Rates for Fourth Time in 2025 as Inflation Eases

Prices in Egypt are expected to ease following an interest rate cut. (Ministry of Supply and Internal Trade)
Prices in Egypt are expected to ease following an interest rate cut. (Ministry of Supply and Internal Trade)

The Central Bank of Egypt cut its key interest rates by 1 percentage point on Thursday, the fourth reduction this year, as policymakers pointed to easing inflation and improved growth prospects. The move has sparked debate over whether consumers will see tangible relief in prices.

The bank said the decision was driven by a “broad-based decline” in monthly inflation over the past three months and “improving inflation expectations,” along with the fading effects of earlier economic shocks.

Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly welcomed the move, highlighting that Egypt’s economy grew by 4.4 percent in the fiscal year ending June 30, slightly above the government’s 4.2 percent target. He said stronger growth was already visible across the economy, particularly in sectors such as industry, tourism, and information technology, helping to stabilize prices.

Lawmakers and economists largely backed the decision. Senator Hany Halim called it “a key step to reduce financing burdens on productive sectors,” adding that lower borrowing costs should gradually feed through to lower production costs and, eventually, consumer prices.

Ali al-Dessouki, a member of parliament’s Economic Affairs Committee, told Asharq al-Awsat that repeated rate cuts “signal the success of monetary policy in supporting local production.”

He predicted modest price declines in the months ahead, but “only gradually.”

Economist Karim al-Omda described the cut as “expected and consistent with global moves to ease high interest rates.”

He argued that cheaper credit will encourage investment, stimulate industrial output, and strengthen exports by lowering costs for manufacturers and farmers.

“This will help make Egyptian products more competitive while supporting higher growth,” he said.

Official figures show inflation cooling. Annual consumer price inflation in Egyptian cities slowed for the third consecutive month to 12 percent in August, down from 13.9 percent in July, according to the national statistics agency.

Still, some analysts cautioned that risks remain. Economist Mohamed Anis noted the central bank limited its move to 1 percent, leaving space for future cuts while accounting for potential upward pressure from fuel prices.

The government has signaled that a further increase in fuel costs will come in October, which Madbouly said could be the “last major hike” as subsidies are scaled back.

Al-Omda stressed that moderating inflation does not mean a return to pre-crisis price levels. “It means the pace of increases will slow and return to more normal patterns, without the sharp spikes seen in previous years,” he said, adding that sustaining high growth is essential to keep momentum.



US Inflation Surges 3.3% as Iran War Impact Bites

A person shops at a grocery store as inflation levels lead to a consumer price surge, in New York, New York, USA, 10 April 2026. (EPA)
A person shops at a grocery store as inflation levels lead to a consumer price surge, in New York, New York, USA, 10 April 2026. (EPA)
TT

US Inflation Surges 3.3% as Iran War Impact Bites

A person shops at a grocery store as inflation levels lead to a consumer price surge, in New York, New York, USA, 10 April 2026. (EPA)
A person shops at a grocery store as inflation levels lead to a consumer price surge, in New York, New York, USA, 10 April 2026. (EPA)

Inflation in the United States rose sharply in March, government data showed Wednesday, as higher energy prices due to the war in the Middle East hit Americans hard.

The nationwide sticker shock put pressure on President Donald Trump, who has ordered peace talks with Iran and faces mid-term elections in November.

The rate of inflation rose to 3.3 percent year-on-year in March, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). By comparison, this same consumer price index (CPI) rose 2.4 percent year-on-year a month earlier.

Gasoline prices surged by 21.2 percent between February and March -- the largest monthly increase since the government began publishing a related index in 1967, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) said.

Excluding volatile energy and food prices, the inflation rate rose 2.6 percent compared to 2.5 a month earlier.

Markets had anticipated the surge, according to the consensus published by MarketWatch.

The United States and Israel began bombing Iran on February 28 and Tehran retaliated by blocking traffic in the Strait of Hormuz, a waterway used to carry a fifth of the world's oil and gas deliveries.

Despite being the world's top producer of crude oil, the United States also felt the pain, as prices at the gas pump shot up.

A gallon (3.78 liters) of regular gasoline currently costs an average of $4.15 in the United States, compared to approximately $3 just before the war.

- More price pain ahead -

The Trump administration -- elected in part on a promise to quash inflation -- maintains that the war's economic disruptions will be temporary.

US Vice President JD Vance said Friday he hoped for a "positive" outcome as he departed Washington for US-Iran peace talks being held in Pakistan this weekend.

But experts predicted more economic pain ahead due to the war in Iran, especially for middle and lower-income households in the United States already squeezed by rising energy and airfare prices.

Heather Long, chief economist at Navy Federal Credit Union, said that inflation soared in March to the highest level in almost two years.

"This is only the beginning. Food prices, travel and shipping costs are all going up in April and will exacerbate the pain," she said.

"March CPI was as expected, so no surprises. But there is a huge increase in fuel prices, boosting inflation" Christopher Low of FHN Financial told AFP.

"And we got the news last night that the ceasefire is not being honored by either side, apparently," he said. "There's still very little traffic through the Strait of Hormuz."

When Trump returned to the White House in January 2025, inflation was falling, compared to a peak in the spring of 2022.

The war in Ukraine, which had started a few months earlier, had driven prices at the pump even higher than they are today.

The CPI index was rising by 2.3 percent year-over-year in April 2025 -- coinciding with the US president's announcement of a sharp increase in tariffs on imported goods.

Inflation started to creep up, though Washington refused to acknowledge this as a consequence of the tariff war.

Price growth slowed again late last year, largely thanks to gasoline prices, relatively moderate at the time.

During the Federal Reserve's most recent meeting in mid-March, Chairman Jerome Powell explained that the war risked delaying efforts to bring inflation under control in the United States.

The US central bank's target for inflation is two percent -- an objective it has not met in five years due to a succession of shocks to the economy: the Covid-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, and tariffs.


EU, US Reportedly Near Critical Minerals Deal to Combat Chinese Control

FILE PHOTO: A block with the symbol, atomic number and mass number of Dysprosium (Dy), a heavy rare earth, in this illustration taken January 21, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A block with the symbol, atomic number and mass number of Dysprosium (Dy), a heavy rare earth, in this illustration taken January 21, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo
TT

EU, US Reportedly Near Critical Minerals Deal to Combat Chinese Control

FILE PHOTO: A block with the symbol, atomic number and mass number of Dysprosium (Dy), a heavy rare earth, in this illustration taken January 21, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A block with the symbol, atomic number and mass number of Dysprosium (Dy), a heavy rare earth, in this illustration taken January 21, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo

The European Union and Washington are closing in on an agreement to coordinate on producing and securing critical minerals, Bloomberg News reported on Friday.

The potential deal would include incentives such as minimum price guarantees that could favor non-Chinese suppliers, the report said, citing an "action plan".

The EU and US would also ⁠cooperate on standards, investments ⁠and joint projects, along with increased coordination on any supply disruptions by countries like China, the report added.

The European Commission declined to comment on the report. The office of the ⁠US Trade Representative did not immediately respond to Reuters' requests for comment.

EU trade commissioner Maros Sefcovic said in March he had a "very positive" meeting with US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer on the sidelines of a World Trade Organization ministerial meeting in Cameroon, where the two sides agreed to further advance work on ⁠critical ⁠minerals and also discussed tariffs.

The EU-US deal would cover “critical minerals along the entire value chain and life-cycle management, including exploration, extraction, processing, refining, recycling and recovery,” Bloomberg reported, citing a non-binding memorandum of understanding.

The US has been scrambling to get access to critical mineral reserves, especially rare earth supply chains currently dominated by Chinese players.


Gold Set for Third Weekly Gain as US Rate Outlook Offsets Dollar Strength

FILE PHOTO: Customers crowd around a jewelry showroom during Akshaya Tritiya, a major gold-buying festival, in Kochi, India April 28, 2017. REUTERS/Sivaram V/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: Customers crowd around a jewelry showroom during Akshaya Tritiya, a major gold-buying festival, in Kochi, India April 28, 2017. REUTERS/Sivaram V/File Photo
TT

Gold Set for Third Weekly Gain as US Rate Outlook Offsets Dollar Strength

FILE PHOTO: Customers crowd around a jewelry showroom during Akshaya Tritiya, a major gold-buying festival, in Kochi, India April 28, 2017. REUTERS/Sivaram V/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: Customers crowd around a jewelry showroom during Akshaya Tritiya, a major gold-buying festival, in Kochi, India April 28, 2017. REUTERS/Sivaram V/File Photo

Gold steadied on Friday as US-Iran ceasefire uncertainty lingered, but the metal stayed on course for a third consecutive weekly climb as investors priced in earlier and deeper US rate cuts, supporting non-yielding bullion.

Spot gold held its ground at $4,764.54 per ounce by 0532 GMT. The metal, however, has gained 1.8% so far this week.

US gold futures for June delivery fell 0.6% to $4,787.80.

The ‌dollar index strengthened, ‌making greenback-priced bullion more expensive for holders of other currencies, Reuters said.

"There's ‌a ⁠lack of clarity ⁠about the way that the ceasefire is evolving in the Middle East and what that means to energy markets... so we're in sort of a little bit of a holding pattern (with gold) going into the final session of the week," said Kyle Rodda, senior financial market analyst at Capital.com.

Spot gold has fallen about 10% since the US-Israel conflict with Iran ⁠erupted on February 28, with elevated energy prices sparking ‌inflation concerns and the prospect of ‌higher US interest rates.

The fragile two-week ceasefire between the US and Iran showed further ‌strain on Friday, as Washington accused Tehran of breaching promises on ‌the Strait of Hormuz.

Brent crude, however, has slid more than 11% this week on optimism that the ceasefire could reopen the Strait of Hormuz, through which about 20% of the world's oil and liquefied natural gas passes.

"If things break down, (gold) ‌could end up back in mid-$4,000's pretty quickly. But if the ceasefire holds and the peace deal starts ⁠to look more ⁠likely, then we could push through $5,000," Rodda added.

On the data front, the US Personal Consumption Expenditures index, the Federal Reserve's preferred inflation gauge, advanced 2.8% in the 12 months through February, in line with estimates, and likely rose further in March.

Investors are now looking out for March's US Consumer Price Index data, due later in the day, for further clues on Fed's monetary policy direction.

Markets are pricing in a 31% chance for a US rate cut of at least 25 basis points at the Fed's December meeting, according to CME's FedWatch Tool, up from 20% in the prior session.

Among other metals, spot silver rose 1.3% to $76.03 per ounce, platinum lost 2% to $2,061.10, and palladium fell 0.2% to $1,553.92.