Saudi Inflation Holds Firm Despite Energy Shock

Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)
Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)
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Saudi Inflation Holds Firm Despite Energy Shock

Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)
Riyadh’s commercial Tahlia Street. (AFP)

Saudi Arabia’s inflation rate held steady at 1.8% in June, underscoring the economy’s price stability as renewed conflict in the Middle East raises fears of higher energy costs and a fresh wave of global inflation.

The reading, released by the General Authority for Statistics on Wednesday, kept the Kingdom among the G20 economies with the lowest inflation rates and broadly aligned with Saudi government and International Monetary Fund forecasts.

The data showed that the Saudi economy entered the latest period of global volatility from a relatively strong position, with inflation remaining subdued despite uncertainty across energy and financial markets.

The June figures preceded renewed turbulence in global oil markets after the war in the Middle East resumed, pushing crude prices higher and raising concerns that energy costs could feed into consumer prices elsewhere.

For Saudi Arabia, stable inflation provides a buffer against any price pressures that may emerge in the coming months.

Housing remained the main driver of inflation. Prices for housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels rose 3.5% from a year earlier, led by a 4.4% increase in actual housing rents. The rise reflected stronger demand in major cities and rapid urban expansion linked to the Kingdom’s large development projects.

Transport prices increased 1.7%, while food and beverage prices rose 1.4%. Declines in several other categories helped contain the overall rate.

Prices for personal care, social protection and miscellaneous goods and services rose 3.8%, driven by a 14.7% jump in jewelry and watch prices amid record increases in global gold and precious-metal prices.

Recreation, sports and culture prices climbed 2.5%, reflecting a 4.2% increase in the cost of holiday packages and tourist trips.

By contrast, prices for furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance fell 0.6%, while clothing and footwear prices declined 0.4% year on year. The falls helped offset inflation in housing and other services and reflected continued competition across consumer markets.

Monthly rise remains modest

On a monthly basis, consumer prices rose 0.2% in June from May 2026.

Food and beverage prices increased 0.7%, driven by a rise of the same rate in food prices.

Housing, electricity and gas prices edged up 0.1%, while transport costs rose 0.4%.

Prices for personal care and social protection fell 1.0% from the previous month. Restaurant and accommodation services declined 0.1%, while communication prices also slipped 0.1%.

Among the G20’s lowest

Saudi Arabia's inflation remained below the levels recorded in several major economies.

Inflation stood at 3.5% in the United States in June, around 3% in Britain and close to 2% in the eurozone. Some emerging economies continued to post much higher rates.

That left Saudi Arabia among the least inflationary economies in the G20, even as it pressed ahead with large-scale investment and development programs.

The Kingdom’s inflation rate also remained below the average for advanced economies and well below that of emerging and developing markets, where food, energy and currency pressures have been more pronounced.

The figures point to Saudi Arabia’s ability to maintain price stability while expanding investment and implementing major development projects.

That contrasts with economies where stronger spending or higher energy costs have translated into faster inflation.

Official forecasts

The June reading was consistent with Saudi Finance Ministry forecasts for average inflation of about 2% in 2026.

It also aligned with IMF estimates issued in May and June, which projected that average inflation in Saudi Arabia would fall below 2% this year.

The IMF attributed the outlook to the strength of the Kingdom’s economic fundamentals and the effectiveness of domestic policies in containing inflationary pressures.

The fund expects global inflation to average 4.7% in 2026, up from 4.1% in 2025, before easing to 3.9% in 2027.

Those projections reflect continued pressure from tensions in the Middle East and higher energy prices. Saudi inflation, by comparison, is expected to remain below half the projected global average.

Why inflation has stayed low

Economists attribute the Kingdom’s low inflation to resilient economic fundamentals, effective monetary and fiscal policies, improved supply-chain efficiency and government measures aimed at maintaining adequate supplies of goods and services.

Rapid growth in non-oil activities and increased investment under Vision 2030 have also strengthened the economy’s ability to absorb external shocks without a significant pass-through to consumer prices.

Stable inflation helps preserve household purchasing power, but its effects extend further. It supports investor confidence, gives businesses greater visibility over future costs and reduces uncertainty around investment and consumption decisions.

Analysts said moderate inflation also gives policymakers more room to support economic growth as global markets brace for the impact of higher energy prices.

They expect the effect of those pressures on Saudi consumer prices to be more limited than in many other economies.

More certainty for businesses

Hisham Abu Jamea, chief adviser at Naif Al Rajhi Company, said stable inflation was a positive sign for prices and purchasing power and reinforced Saudi Arabia’s position among the G20 economies with the lowest inflation rates.

“Stable inflation provides a more predictable environment for individuals and the business sector and gives decision-makers greater room to focus on supporting economic growth,” he told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Abu Jamea said Saudi Arabia had managed to keep inflation below 2% despite global disruptions and economic challenges.

Housing remained the main source of pressure because of its large weighting in the consumer price index, he added.

However, recent government initiatives in the real estate sector were expected to ease price pressures and help bring inflation down, he stressed.

Growth without sharp price increases

Salem Baajajah, a professor of economics at King Abdulaziz University, said the 1.8% reading showed that economic growth in Saudi Arabia was no longer necessarily accompanied by sharp price increases.

He described that as an important shift from the experience of many global economies in recent years.

Maintaining inflation at its current level gives policymakers more room to proceed with major projects and economic diversification programs without allowing higher prices to undermine consumption or investment, he told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“The most important indicator is not merely that inflation remains low, but the quality of that stability,” Baajajah said.

“If it is supported by increased domestic production, broader competition and improved supply-chain efficiency, it becomes sustainable rather than temporary,” he remarked.

“The challenge in the next stage will not be to push inflation even lower, but to keep it within a moderate range that is consistent with an economy growing rapidly and attracting substantial investment,” he added.



Egyptian Central Bank Issues Regulations for Digital Financial Identity Services

The headquarters of the Central Bank of Egypt in downtown Cairo (Photography: Abdul Fattah Faraj)
The headquarters of the Central Bank of Egypt in downtown Cairo (Photography: Abdul Fattah Faraj)
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Egyptian Central Bank Issues Regulations for Digital Financial Identity Services

The headquarters of the Central Bank of Egypt in downtown Cairo (Photography: Abdul Fattah Faraj)
The headquarters of the Central Bank of Egypt in downtown Cairo (Photography: Abdul Fattah Faraj)

Egypt's central bank has approved regulations for a digital financial identity platform that will enable remote customer verification and identification, it said on Sunday, as it seeks to expand access to ⁠financial services.

According to Reuters, it said ⁠the move was part of efforts to support digital transformation, promote financial inclusion ⁠and modernize the banking sector's digital infrastructure.

Governor Hassan Abdalla said the platform will enable more citizens to open bank accounts and access banking products and services online without visiting branches.

The ⁠regulations set out a governance framework, defining the roles and responsibilities of relevant parties, along with technical, data protection, and cybersecurity requirements, the central bank said.


Sinopec's Half-year Profit Grew 19.3% on Year Despite Iran War

Oil storage tanks and facilities of a Sinopec plant in Shanghai, China, March 26, 2026. REUTERS/Go Nakamura
Oil storage tanks and facilities of a Sinopec plant in Shanghai, China, March 26, 2026. REUTERS/Go Nakamura
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Sinopec's Half-year Profit Grew 19.3% on Year Despite Iran War

Oil storage tanks and facilities of a Sinopec plant in Shanghai, China, March 26, 2026. REUTERS/Go Nakamura
Oil storage tanks and facilities of a Sinopec plant in Shanghai, China, March 26, 2026. REUTERS/Go Nakamura

China's Sinopec reported an unexpected 19.3% year-on-year increase in net profit for the first half of 2026, despite a litany of issues including the Middle East conflict and falling demand for fuel domestically, but said it had to write down its inventories by 16 billion yuan.

Net profit over the January-June period stood at 25.63 billion yuan ($3.81 billion) under Chinese accounting standards, versus the 21.48 billion yuan a year earlier, Sinopec said in a filing at the Shanghai stock exchange on Sunday.

In a separate filing, the company said it set aside provisions for asset impairment of 16 billion yuan as a result of the volatility in oil and fuel prices in the first six months of this year.

Sinopec, ⁠the world's biggest ⁠refiner, relies on the Middle East for half of its crude oil needs, making it vulnerable to the worst supply crisis in history as the Strait of Hormuz - through which it usually imports large quantities of oil - has remained largely closed since March.

It also processed 5.6% less crude oil between January and June versus the same year-ago period, at 113.31 million metric tons, or 4.57 million barrels per day (bpd), according to the filing.

The company said its refining margin was up 44.1% on ⁠the year in the first half of 2026 - up 139 yuan per metric ton to 453 yuan per metric ton - a surprising jump given domestic fuel price hikes lagged the surges in crude oil cost.

Its refining segment reported a 381.5% growth in operating profit by "broadening crude oil sourcing outside the Middle East, closely managing the timing of purchases in line with market conditions, and optimizing its product mix based on product profitability," the filing showed, according to Reuters.

China has drastically cut oil imports since the war began in March, freeing up barrels for others and keeping a lid on global prices. Sinopec's result is all the more surprising given how exposed it was to the Strait and the way in which Beijing has forced the refiner, and others like it, to ⁠absorb the oil price shock ⁠by limiting their ability to pass higher oil prices through to fuel consumers

Conflict in the Middle East caused "sharp volatility in international crude oil prices and a substantial increase in imported crude procurement costs", while the domestic refined product and chemicals markets remained weak, the management stated in the filing.

But the company said it "closely monitored changing conditions, dynamically adjusted production and operating arrangements, and effectively responded to unexpected shocks and challenges on multiple fronts."

The chemicals segment remained loss-making, recording an operating loss of over 200 million yuan, but losses narrowed sharply by around 4 billion yuan, it said.

Output of ethylene, a key building block for petrochemicals, sank 15.5% on the year to 6.4 million tons in the first half, as the company faced industry over-capacity and competition from the private sector.

Sinopec projects crude throughput for July–December at 113 million metric tons, roughly flat versus the amount processed in the first half.


ECB Chief Lagarde Reportedly 'Ready to Serve' WEF

President of European Central Bank Christine Lagarde addresses the media in Frankfurt, Germany, Thursday, July 23, 2026, after a meeting of the ECB's governing council. (AP Photo/Michael Probst)
President of European Central Bank Christine Lagarde addresses the media in Frankfurt, Germany, Thursday, July 23, 2026, after a meeting of the ECB's governing council. (AP Photo/Michael Probst)
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ECB Chief Lagarde Reportedly 'Ready to Serve' WEF

President of European Central Bank Christine Lagarde addresses the media in Frankfurt, Germany, Thursday, July 23, 2026, after a meeting of the ECB's governing council. (AP Photo/Michael Probst)
President of European Central Bank Christine Lagarde addresses the media in Frankfurt, Germany, Thursday, July 23, 2026, after a meeting of the ECB's governing council. (AP Photo/Michael Probst)

Christine Lagarde, chief of the European Central Bank, could take over the presidency of the World Economic Forum at some point in 2027, Swiss newspaper NZZ reported on Sunday.

At a board meeting near Geneva this week, Lagarde was reportedly described as a "putative candidate" to lead the organization behind the annual Davos gathering of political and business leaders.

According to sources cited by the newspaper, she also said she was "ready to serve.”

The WEF's board ⁠is currently co-chaired ⁠by Roche vice-chairman André Hoffmann and BlackRock CEO Larry Fink, who are navigating a leadership transition after founder Klaus Schwab stepped down last year.

At the board meeting, Singapore's President Tharman Shanmugaratnam said that the succession to Fink ⁠and Hoffmann should be resolved internally as suitable candidates were available, NZZ reported.

Lagarde, who has been a member of the WEF's board for several terms, thanked the members of the 28-strong body for their confidence in her, according to the paper's reporting.

The board did not determine exactly when Lagarde should take over the presidency, NZZ said, based on sources, adding that the ⁠only point ⁠of agreement was that Fink and Hoffmann should still chair the annual meeting in Davos in January 2027.

The WEF did not immediately reply to a Reuters request for comment.

Christine Lagarde said last year she was determined to complete her term at the ECB, following speculation she might leave early to take up a role leading the WEF.

Her eight-year presidential term at the ECB runs out at the end of October 2027.