Iraq’s Ruling Coalition Warns Factions to Lay Down Weapons by Sept 30 Deadline

Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi (second left) chairs the meeting of the State Administration Coalition on Wednesday. (INA)
Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi (second left) chairs the meeting of the State Administration Coalition on Wednesday. (INA)
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Iraq’s Ruling Coalition Warns Factions to Lay Down Weapons by Sept 30 Deadline

Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi (second left) chairs the meeting of the State Administration Coalition on Wednesday. (INA)
Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi (second left) chairs the meeting of the State Administration Coalition on Wednesday. (INA)

Iraq's State Administration Coalition, which boasts Shiite, Sunni and Kurdish forces, made a firmer stance against factions that continue to carry weapons outside the authority of the state.

It stressed that any armed movement that takes place after the September 30 deadline for the factions to hand over their weapons will be dealt with according to the law, including the counter-terrorism law.

The move marked a political and security escalation in one of Iraq’s thorniest issues since the 2003 American invasion and ouster of the former regime.

Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi hosted on Wednesday the 37th regular meeting of the State Administration Coalition, attended by the president, president of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, parliament speaker and president of the Supreme Judicial Council.

The meeting reviewed the overall political, security, economic and service situation in the country, as well as regional developments and their implications for Iraq, reported the country’s state news agency INA.

In a statement after the meeting, the alliance said: “The State Administration Coalition reaffirmed its support for continued efforts to preserve security and stability, as well as the government’s efforts to ensure that all arms remain under state authority, in accordance with the Government Program approved by the parliament and now in force.”

“It also stressed the need to prevent Iraqi territory from being used as a launching point for attacks against neighboring countries or from drawing Iraq into conflicts that do not serve the interests of its people,” it added.

“The Coalition considered that anyone engaging in such conduct commits the crime of threatening the country’s security and shall be regarded as being outside the law,” it stressed.

“Such individuals must be confronted in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, which prohibit the use of arms outside the authority of the state or the formation of any armed organization outside the official Armed Forces,” it urged.

'Bold' statement

The coalition met days after Hadi al-Ameri, one of the leading members of pro-Iran Coordination Framework and leader of the Badr Organization, resisted calls to lay down the weapons of his armed faction.

He said that he “will be the first rifle to turn against anyone who encroaches on the weapons of the resistance.” He made his remarks during a meeting with Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, who was in Iraq on a religious visit to the cities of Najaf and Karbala.

The government had set the end of September as a deadline for factions to turn over their weapons to the state. American forces deployed in Iraq as part of the anti-ISIS coalition are also set to pull out of the country on the same date.

Other armed factions, such as the Iran-aligned Kataib Hezbollah, have declared in recent days their refusal to lay down their weapons. Kataib Hezbollah called for keeping the “resistance’s weapons” and developing its arsenal to confront “challenges” and “enemies.”

Political science professor at the Al-Mustansiriyah University Taleb Mohammed Karim said the government’s statement is an attempt to “organize” relations between the state and armed factions that emerged during extraordinary circumstances after 2003.

Supporters of the plan to impose state monopoly over arms deem it necessary for Iraq to consolidate its sovereignty, while opponents see it as an attempt to target them politically given the lack of trust between parties, he noted.

Head of the Center for Political Thinking in Iraq Dr. Ihssan Shmary described the statement as “bold” compared to previous ones.

It reflects the government and political parties’ seriousness in wanting to resolve the issue of weapons outside state control, he remarked, highlighting that the statement said that the arms would be dealt with according to the counter-terrorism law.

Meanwhile, President of the Supreme Judicial Council Judge Faiq Zidan and head of the Counter-Terrorism Service Lieutenant General Staff Zaid Houshi discussed joint cooperation and coordination on Thursday.

They tackled enhancing cooperation and coordination between the judiciary and the Counter-Terrorism Service in a manner that strengthens the rule of law, said INA.

Zidan also received Director of the Office of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces Lieutenant General Abdul Amir Al-Shammari to discuss measures to ensure the rule of law and support security.



Trump Praises Aoun’s Leadership During Critical Period

Lebanon’s President Joseph Aoun holds a meeting with former head of the Progressive Socialist Party, Walid Jumblatt and his son, MP Taymour Jumblatt, at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on Monday (Lebanese Presidency)
Lebanon’s President Joseph Aoun holds a meeting with former head of the Progressive Socialist Party, Walid Jumblatt and his son, MP Taymour Jumblatt, at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on Monday (Lebanese Presidency)
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Trump Praises Aoun’s Leadership During Critical Period

Lebanon’s President Joseph Aoun holds a meeting with former head of the Progressive Socialist Party, Walid Jumblatt and his son, MP Taymour Jumblatt, at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on Monday (Lebanese Presidency)
Lebanon’s President Joseph Aoun holds a meeting with former head of the Progressive Socialist Party, Walid Jumblatt and his son, MP Taymour Jumblatt, at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on Monday (Lebanese Presidency)

US President Donald Trump on Monday praised President Joseph Aoun’s leadership of Lebanon during this critical period, and acclaimed the shared commitment of both sides to peace, security, and prosperity around the world.

Lebanon is engaged in US-mediated direct negotiations with Israel, aimed at ending the war, securing an Israeli withdrawal from occupied Lebanese territory, facilitating the return of detainees, and enabling displaced residents to return to their homes.

The talks also seek to ensure that weapons across Lebanon are placed exclusively under the authority of the country’s official security and military forces.

Trump’s praise came in a letter sent to Aoun, in which he expressed his “honor” to welcome the President to the White House on July 21 for a “truly historic visit,” according to the Lebanese presidency said.

“It was an honor to welcome you to the White House for a visit that was historic in every sense of the word—the first visit by a Lebanese head of state in nearly two decades—at a time when the Middle East is experiencing conflict. I have admired your decisive leadership on behalf of Lebanon and its people,” the letter said.

Trump also thanked Aoun for awarding him the National Order of the Cedar, Grand Cordon, saying: “This initiative is an exceptional honor and embodies the proud Lebanese spirit. I will cherish this gesture as a symbol of our shared commitment to peace, security, and prosperity around the world.”

Unlike Hezbollah, the Lebanese state’s approach of negotiating with Israel enjoys the support of most major political forces.

Following a meeting with Aoun on Monday at the Presidential Palace, former head of the Progressive Socialist Party, Walid Jumblatt said he supports the negotiations and the ceasefire agreement if they lead to a gradual or complete Israeli withdrawal.

“If the framework agreement leads to a withdrawal and the demarcation of the border, then where is the problem? This is my personal point of view, no more and no less,” he noted.

Hezbollah has stepped up its criticism of Aoun over his decision to pursue direct negotiations with Israel under US mediation, putting the Lebanese president at odd with the Shiite movement.

Following a meeting with the President on Monday, MP Alain Aoun said the success of the president’s efforts to end the war and restore Lebanese sovereignty requires cooperation from all Lebanese parties and engagement with the process of placing weapons exclusively under state authority.

The deputy called on Hezbollah to engage in dialogue with the president at Baabda Palace to agree on a roadmap aimed at advancing negotiations, securing an Israeli withdrawal and enabling the Lebanese Army to deploy across the country.


What’s Left of Hezbollah Two Years after the War?

A poster expresses gratitude to Iran for its support to Lebanon. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A poster expresses gratitude to Iran for its support to Lebanon. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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What’s Left of Hezbollah Two Years after the War?

A poster expresses gratitude to Iran for its support to Lebanon. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A poster expresses gratitude to Iran for its support to Lebanon. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

The expanded war in Lebanon, which erupted with widespread Israeli bombardment on September 23, 2024, and led to intense clashes and battlefield shifts, has forced a new reality on Hezbollah.

The Iran-backed group's military capabilities, supply lines, and political influence have significantly declined following severe losses within its senior leadership ranks. Furthermore, Hezbollah's deployment on the ground and operations have fundamentally changed compared to its pre-war positioning.

Two years later, the group is navigating a far more complex military landscape. While the loss of a vast portion of its leadership, declining drone and missile capabilities, and shrinking supply lines through Syria have severely weakened its position, the party still retains enough military capacity to continue operating.

It is actively attempting to reorganize its ranks and adapt to an altered battlefield reality - one that stretches from north of the Litani River into broader territory across southern Lebanon and the Western Bekaa.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, security and defense expert Riad Kahwaji estimated that Hezbollah's capabilities have significantly declined between 2024 and today across its leadership, military structure, political influence, and supply lines, evaluating the scale of this drop to have "exceeded nearly half."

He explained that the group has lost the vast majority of its first- and second-tier leaders, while most of the leaders present today were classified within the third tier in 2024.

Hezbollah supporters carry posters of slain Iranian supreme leader Ali Khamenei during a rally coinciding with his funeral in Iran in Beirut's southern suburbs. (EPA file)

The nature of management within the group has also changed, as "management in 2024 was local under Iranian guidance, whereas today management and guidance have become directly Iranian," he added.

On the military level, Kahwaji said that "the party's forces have become stationed north of the Litani, after having previously been present directly on the border."

"Nabatieh has practically become the separation line of contact between the group's presence and the Israeli forces," he noted.

Regarding the military arsenal, he said that "missile and drone capabilities still exist, but they have become less than half of what they were before."

He added that Hezbollah's political influence within Lebanon has significantly weakened from its previous levels, noting that one of the most prominent shifts affecting the group is the severe disruption of its supply lines through Syria, which have now been largely cut off.

Since the November 2024 ceasefire up to the current stage, retired Brigadier General Dr. Khalil Helou told Asharq Al-Awsat that the party’s "capabilities have dropped compared to what they were before the war, but it has not lost its military capacity and still possesses capabilities that allow it to continue."

Its limited responses to Israel during the current stage may be a sign that it has entered a new "phase of reorganization and rebuilding of combat readiness," he added.

Helou explained that the period following the November 2024 ceasefire was marked by ongoing Israeli assassinations targeting Hezbollah operatives, while the group largely refrained from retaliating.

This pattern underscores a significant drop in Hezbollah's capabilities compared to its pre-2024 strength, while simultaneously indicating that the group has been undergoing a phase of reorganization, rearmament, and rebuilding of its combat readiness, he noted.

Helou stressed that the strategic landscape shifted following the outbreak of the US war on Iran at the end of February, which Hezbollah joined in early March.

"From that point until the second ceasefire on June 17, the party engaged in the fighting, launching effective retaliatory operations in certain areas and firing missiles into both the Israeli interior and Israeli-occupied territories," Helou said.

He remarked that during that phase, Israel "advanced, made incursions, and established its presence on the ground," while Hezbollah continued to carry out military responses, though the situation following the latest ceasefire has returned to a pattern similar to the period that followed November 2024.

"Today, we have virtually returned to the previous phase, as Hezbollah's responses to Israeli attacks have become almost nonexistent," he stated. "If we review operations over the past two and a half months since the ceasefire, the military operations carried out by the group against Israel are highly limited and can be counted on two hands. This stands in sharp contrast to dozens of daily Israeli operations, including airstrikes, shelling, and assassinations."


Trump, Yemen’s Alimi Discuss Bab al-Mandeb Developments

A Yemeni government soldier during the battles against the Houthis. (Military media)
A Yemeni government soldier during the battles against the Houthis. (Military media)
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Trump, Yemen’s Alimi Discuss Bab al-Mandeb Developments

A Yemeni government soldier during the battles against the Houthis. (Military media)
A Yemeni government soldier during the battles against the Houthis. (Military media)

US President Donald Trump discussed the accelerating military developments in Yemen during a telephone call on Sunday with the Chairman of the Yemeni Presidential Leadership Council Dr. Rashad al-Alimi.

The talks focused on the advance of Iran-backed Houthis near the Bab al-Mandeb Strait, according to news agencies citing identical sources.

On the ground, battles are escalating in the highlands between western Taiz and northern Lahj.

Government and southern forces thwarted a Houthi advance towards al-Shamayatayn. They said they repelled repeated attacks, recaptured mountainous positions, and inflicted casualties among the Houthis.

Dozens of Houthis were killed in the past 24 hours, said field sources.

The government's Giants Brigades announced the destruction of five Houthi vehicles in the Kahbub mountains near Bab al-Mandeb, including a vehicle carrying a militant commander and another carrying an anti-aircraft weapon. All others on board were killed.

The government's National Shield Forces also announced the downing of two drones during the fighting.

In western Taiz, the fighting centered around Sharira, Mount Al-Mirzam, and Jardad, with Houthi infiltration attempts and attacks being thwarted.

In Marib, clashes and artillery shelling continue in Harib, Malaa, and Umm Reesh, with no change in the lines of control.

Government forces announced strikes on Houthi gatherings, fortifications, and artillery positions, as well as airstrikes and drone attacks in Marib and Al-Bayda.