Cairo Peace Summit Ends without a Joint Statement, Unveiling Differences on Gaza War

Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)
Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)
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Cairo Peace Summit Ends without a Joint Statement, Unveiling Differences on Gaza War

Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)
Leaders in a family photo at the Cairo Peace Summit (Egyptian Presidency)

The Cairo Peace Summit was overshadowed by forced displacement and warnings against the expansion of the Israel-Hamas conflict in the Gaza Strip, amid fears that it could lead to a regional war.

Speeches at the summit revealed disparities in positions toward the war on Gaza, and the meeting ended with leaders and officials not agreeing on a joint statement.

The Arab leaders focused on rejecting the displacement of the Palestinians and urging for an immediate cessation of the war, while the European officials called for opening a safe corridor to ensure aid delivery.

The Egyptian Presidency stated that it would spare no effort in continuing to work with all partners to achieve the goals that called for holding this summit, regardless of the difficulties or the duration of the conflict.

Egypt will always maintain its firm position in support of Palestinian rights, believing in peace as a strategic and irreversible option until the vision of a two-state solution, Palestinians and Israelis, living side by side, is realized.

By calling for this summit, the Egyptian Presidency sought to build an international consensus that transcends cultures, races, religions, and political stances, prioritizing the flow of humanitarian and relief aid and delivering it to the proper beneficiaries from the people of the Gaza Strip.

Egypt looked forward to the participants to launch a global call for peace.

"The international scene over the past decades has revealed a serious deficiency in finding a just and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue because it sought to manage the conflict and not end it permanently."

The statement noted: "While we see one place rushing and competing to condemn the killing of innocent people promptly, we find incomprehensible hesitation in denouncing the same act in another place. We even see attempts to justify this killing, as if the life of the Palestinian human being is less important than that of other people."

Leaders, heads of government, and envoys from regional and international countries participated in the summit, seeking to advance efforts to contain the crisis in the Gaza Strip.

During his speech at the opening session, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi called on the summit participants to agree on a roadmap to end the current humanitarian tragedy and revive the path of peace.

Sisi explained that the roadmap begins with ensuring the full, safe, unfettered, and sustainable flow of humanitarian aid and relief to the people of Gaza, followed instantaneously by negotiations on achieving calm and a ceasefire.

Then, he indicated that it should be followed by talks on reviving the peace process, which shall start to put into effect the two-state solution and establish an independent Palestinian State based on the resolutions of international legitimacy.

Sisi renewed his country's condemnation of "in the clearest terms, the targeting, killing, and intimidation of peaceful civilians."

He expressed at the same time Cairo's "deep shock that the world is standing by idly while the catastrophic humanitarian crisis unfolds. Two and a half million Palestinians in the Gaza Strip are being punished collectively."

Since the beginning of the Israeli attack on Gaza, Tel Aviv has tightened the siege on the Strip, cutting off its water, electricity, and fuel supplies.

On Saturday, the first aid convoy crossed the Rafah border to Gaza, including 20 trucks loaded with medicines and food supplies. The crossing was closed again, and other trucks awaited permission to enter.

- Rejecting displacement

The Egyptian President reaffirmed his country's "vehement rejection of the forced displacement of the Palestinians and their transfer to Egyptian lands in Sinai," saying it would mark the last gasp in the "liquidation of the Palestinian cause, and shatter the dream of an independent Palestinian state."

He asserted that the Palestinian people do not want to leave their land, even under occupation or bombardment.

"I want to state it clearly and unequivocally to the world and articulate in sincere terms the will of all the Egyptian people, every single Egyptian: that the liquidation of the Palestinian cause without a just solution is beyond the realm of possibility, and in all cases it will never happen at the expense of Egypt, absolutely not," stressed Sisi.

Since the war on Gaza, former Israeli officials and Western politicians have circulated a proposal to displace Gazans to Sinai, which Cairo has repeatedly rejected.

Jordan's King Abdullah said in his opening speech that it is a "war crime" to force Palestinians to leave or internally displace them.

The monarch asserted that Jordan would work to stop this humanitarian disaster, pushing the entire region into the abyss.

The Israeli leadership must realize that there is no military solution to its security concerns, said the King, adding that it cannot continue to sideline the five million Palestinians living under its occupation with their legitimate rights denied.

He asserted: "Palestinians' lives are no less valuable than Israeli lives."

For his part, Bahraini King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa affirmed in his speech that there would be no stability in the Middle East without securing the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people.

He reiterated his country's categorical rejection of displacing the people of Gaza from their land and the land of their ancestors.

Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan affirmed the Kingdom's rejection of attempts to forcibly displace Palestinians. He denounced all forms of targeting of civilians, calling on the international community to force Israel to respect international laws.

The Kuwaiti Crown Prince, Sheikh Meshaal Ahmad Al-Sabah, rejected the forced displacement of the Palestinian people, warning of dangerous repercussions for the region and the world.

In his speech, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas called for Israel to stop "its barbaric aggression" in Gaza and warned against attempts to push Palestinians out of the coastal territory.

"We will not leave, we will not leave, we will not leave, and we will remain in our land," he told the summit.

Abbas called on the UN Security Council to fulfill its responsibility to protect the Palestinian people and warned against any expulsions of Palestinians or their displacement from Jerusalem or the West Bank.

In Beirut, a group of Arab and Lebanese figures addressed a message to the Cairo Peace Summit, asking it to take a unified position rejecting the Israeli aggression and ensuring Tel Aviv's commitment and implementation of the relevant international resolutions.

They also called the summit to ensure the immediate provision of food and medical aid to Gaza, ending Israel's inhumane siege, and establishing an Arab and international fund to reconstruct Gaza and the destroyed areas.

More than 50 Arab and Lebanese personalities signed the letter, including former Lebanese Presidents Michel Sleiman and Amin Gemayel, former Prime Minister Fouad Siniora, and former Progressive Socialist Party Chief Walid Jumblatt.

The prominent Arab signatories included Iyad Allawi, Taher al-Masry, Ali Abu al-Ragheb, al-Akhdar al-Ibrahimi, Amr Moussa, Nabil Fahmy, Mohammad al-Saqr, and Ali Nasser Mohamad.



UNHCR Official Expects One Million Syrian Refugees to Return in 2026

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi

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UNHCR Official Expects One Million Syrian Refugees to Return in 2026

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi


The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has projected that around one million Syrian refugees are expected to return to their country during 2026, amid what it described as a “gradual recovery” in Syria following the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s regime on December 8, 2024.

Speaking in an interview with Türkiye’s Anadolu Agency, UNHCR’s Representative in Syria, Gonzalo Vargas Llosa, said that approximately 1.3 million Syrian refugees and nearly two million internally displaced persons have returned to their areas of origin since December 2024.

“This means more than three million Syrians have returned to their homes within a relatively short period of time, in a country exhausted by years of war at the economic, infrastructural, and service levels,” he said.

Vargas Llosa recalled that on December 9, 2024, he and his team traveled to the Lebanese border, where they witnessed thousands of Syrians spontaneously returning home after more than 14 years of forced displacement.

Need for International Support
Concerning future prospects, Llosa said since Assad’s fall, most returnees came to Syria from Türkiye, Lebanon, and Jordan, with smaller numbers returning from Egypt and Iraq.

“UNHCR estimates suggest that more that more than four million Syrians may return within the next two years,” he added.

“This large-scale return is taking place under extremely difficult conditions,” Losa said, stressing that international financial support is an urgent and critical necessity to ensure stability and prevent a further deterioration of the humanitarian situation.

Active Turkish Role
The UN official praised Türkiye’s role, noting that Ankara’s long-term hosting of refugees and its support for the new Syrian government after December 8, 2024, have helped create a positive climate for recovery.

“Representatives from the Turkish private sector have started visiting Syria to explore investment opportunities,” describing the trend as a sign of a new phase of reconstruction.

End of Isolation
Assessing the current situation, Llosa said Syria is witnessing a complex transition that will require time, given the vast destruction left by 14 years of war.

He noted that Syria’s recovery after a long war will not be immediate.
However, he praised the Syrian government and people for successfully reconnecting the country with the world in a relatively short time.

“This is a positive sign,” he said, stressing that coordinated international support is needed to improve economic conditions.

Key for Recovery
The UNHCR representative noted that lifting sanctions and encouraging private investment will be key to accelerating the reconstruction process.

Llosa noted that the UN agency and its partners are providing direct support to returnees, particularly in re-issuing official documents.

He said one quarter of returnees lack basic documents, including IDs and property papers.

On Thursday, US President Donald Trump signed the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026, which included the lifting of sanctions imposed on Syria under the Caesar Act.


32% of Yemenis in Houthi-controlled Areas Live in Moderate to Severe Hunger

The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB
The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB
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32% of Yemenis in Houthi-controlled Areas Live in Moderate to Severe Hunger

The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB
The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB

Recent UN data has revealed a rising hunger crisis in areas under the control of the Houthi militias, who have increased their repressive measures in targeting hundreds of local employees working for the United Nations and humanitarian organizations.

Local sources announced that the UN has suspended its activities in Houthi-controlled areas following the arrest of 69 of its staff members. This step reflects the scale of violations affecting humanitarian work and casts a heavy shadow over millions of aid beneficiaries in a country suffering from one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises.

The World Food Program’s Yemen Food Security Update said that 32 percent of households in Houthi-controlled areas reported moderate to severe hunger (Phase 3+) in November 2025 compared to 25 percent in areas controlled by the internationally recognized government.

The use of crisis or emergency livelihood coping strategies was more widespread in Houthi-controlled areas (66 percent) than in government areas (58 percent), it said.

A greater proportion of households in Houthi areas (49 percent) reported restricting adults’ food consumption in favor of children, compared to 44 percent in government areas.

These patterns highlight deeper vulnerability in areas run by the Houthis, amid “prolonged assistance suspension and limited livelihood options,” the Food Security Update added.

As the food crisis worsens, sources working in the relief sector told Asharq Al-Awsat that the Houthis have prevented hundreds of Yemeni employees working for the UN and international and local relief organizations - as well as those who had previously worked with foreign diplomatic missions - from leaving areas under their control.

According to the sources, these individuals are subjected to house-arrest conditions and have become vulnerable to arrest at any time.

The sources also reported that the group used employee data that had previously been submitted through organizations and passed it to its intelligence arm.

Lists including the names of all staff working for organizations, in addition to those who had worked with diplomatic missions, were circulated to security checkpoints spread from the outskirts of Sanaa to the front lines with government-controlled areas.

This week, the total number of UN staffers detained by the Houthis rose to 69.


Building Collapses Pose Another Threat to People in Gaza

Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)
Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)
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Building Collapses Pose Another Threat to People in Gaza

Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)
Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)

Residents of Gaza are taking the risk of living in damaged buildings despite their possibility of collapse, opting to live with a roof over their heads than stay in tents that do little to shelter them from the cold, rain and wind.

The enclave had been under a cold front that brought with it heavy rain and strong winds that led to the collapse of 20 damaged houses and buildings in less than ten days, claiming the lives of over 15 Palestinians.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, a Civil Defense spokesman warned against delaying in tackling the issue of damaged buildings.

A building collapsed in the Sheikh Radwan neighborhood in northern Gaza in the early morning on Sunday, killing a man, his wife, two children and granddaughter, who had lost her father and son during the war.

Civil Defense teams managed to rescue three members of the family from under the rubble of the multi-storey building that had been partially damaged during the conflict.

In just the past ten days, no less than six buildings collapsed in Sheikh Radwan.

Experts believed that the Israeli forces’ demolition operations have raised the risk of collapse of damaged buildings.

The forces are deploying booby-trapped vehicles and remotely detonating them. The strength of the detonations can be felt several kilometers away, even in Israel itself.

Israel is carrying out these operations along the so-called yellow line that is serving as a new military boundary in Gaza.

Civil Defense spokesman in Gaza Mahmoud Basal said over 90 residential buildings are at the risk of collapse because they are partially damaged. Thousands of people live in those houses and have no other shelter.

He told Asharq Al-Awsat that specialized teams have carried out field tours and inspections of the buildings, urging residents to evacuate them given the risk.

He added that the Civil Defense is facing a shortage in tools to rescue people from a building in case of a collapse, saying teams are relying on primitive means to rescue people from under the rubble.

Meanwhile, people sheltering in tents can do little to shield themselves from the cold, Basal added. The tents are prone to taking in rainwater and have already been damaged by the elements.

He underlined the need to come to the aid of the people of Gaza and to rebuild the enclave because delays are only putting lives in danger.