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Did Gaza War Derail Imminent Yemeni Peace Deal?

EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs Josep Borrell
EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs Josep Borrell
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Did Gaza War Derail Imminent Yemeni Peace Deal?

EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs Josep Borrell
EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs Josep Borrell

Joseph Borrell, the European Union's top diplomat for foreign affairs and security, appeared unsure when asked about dealing with Houthi attacks on ships in the Red Sea and what actions can be taken to counter this threat.

In response to a question from Asharq Al-Awsat during a press briefing in Riyadh on Tuesday, Borrell discussed whether recent peace efforts in Yemen could change the Houthi group’s behavior and its threat to international navigation.

He viewed the stalled peace process in Yemen as a side effect of the Gaza conflict, which postponed the announcement of a peace agreement that was planned months ago.

Before the Gaza conflict, UN envoy to Yemen Hans Grundberg suggested for Borell to consider visiting Aden in the next two months for a potential agreement.

The Gaza conflict changed plans, revealed the EU’s top diplomat, adding that Yemen’s peace was near, but not anymore.

Borrell highlighted Houthi attacks on Red Sea ships as a significant regional problem.

He stressed the need for an EU mission to protect navigation.

Borell noted that the Houthi attacks threaten more than just Israel.

British Defense Secretary Grant Shapps described a recent assault as “the largest attack by the Iranian-backed Houthis in the Red Sea to date.”

The Pentagon had announced that US and British forces have downed 18 explosive drones, two cruise missiles, and a ballistic missile launched by the Houthis towards international shipping routes in the southern Red Sea.

Grundberg had held talks in Oman and Riyadh to shape a peace plan for Yemen.

The discussions centered on commitments made by Yemeni parties with mediation from Saudi Arabia and Oman.

Grundberg also met with the leader of Yemen’s Presidential Leadership Council (PLC), Rashad Al-Alimi, in Riyadh.

They discussed local developments and international pressures to encourage Houthi militias to engage in peace efforts, alleviate the people's suffering, and restore legitimate institutions.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Grundberg outlined the peace plan, including a nationwide ceasefire, reopening roads, paying public sector salaries, resuming oil exports, easing restrictions on Sanaa airport and Hodeidah port, releasing conflict-related detainees, and preparing for an inclusive political process under UN guidance.

The parties also pledged the departure of non-Yemeni forces, reconstruction efforts, and commitment to a comprehensive and lasting political solution.

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‘War Ruined Me’: Lebanon’s Farmers Mourn Lost Season

This photo shows burnt agricultural fields that were hit during Israeli shelling in the southern Lebanese area of Marjeyoun, on October 30, 2024, amid the ongoing war between Israel and Hezbollah. (AFP)
This photo shows burnt agricultural fields that were hit during Israeli shelling in the southern Lebanese area of Marjeyoun, on October 30, 2024, amid the ongoing war between Israel and Hezbollah. (AFP)
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‘War Ruined Me’: Lebanon’s Farmers Mourn Lost Season

This photo shows burnt agricultural fields that were hit during Israeli shelling in the southern Lebanese area of Marjeyoun, on October 30, 2024, amid the ongoing war between Israel and Hezbollah. (AFP)
This photo shows burnt agricultural fields that were hit during Israeli shelling in the southern Lebanese area of Marjeyoun, on October 30, 2024, amid the ongoing war between Israel and Hezbollah. (AFP)

Lebanese farmer Abu Taleb briefly returned to his orchard last month to salvage an avocado harvest but ran away empty handed as soon as Israeli air raids began.

"The war broke out just before the first harvest season," said Abu Taleb, displaced from the village of Tayr Debba near the southern city Tyre.

"When I went back in mid-October, it was deserted... it was scary," said the father of two, who is now sheltering in Tripoli more than 160 kilometers to the north and asked to be identified by a pseudonym because of security concerns.

Abu Taleb said his harvesting attempt was interrupted by an Israeli raid on the neighboring town of Markaba.

He was forced back to Tripoli without the avocados he usually exports every year.

Agricultural regions in Lebanon have been caught in the crossfire since hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah ramped up in October last year, a full-scale war breaking out on September 23.

The UN's agriculture agency, FAO, said more than 1,909 hectares of farmland in south Lebanon had been damaged or left unharvested between October last year and September 28.

The conflict has also displaced more than half a million people, including farmers who abandoned their crops just when they were ready to harvest.

Hani Saad had to abandon 120 hectares of farmland in the southern region of Nabatiyeh, which is rich in citrus and avocado plantations.

"If the ceasefire takes place within a month, I can save the harvest, otherwise, the whole season is ruined," said Saad who has been displaced to the coastal city of Jounieh, north of Beirut.

When an Israeli strike sparked a fire in one of Saad's orchards, he had to pay out of his own pocket for the fuel of the fire engine that extinguished the blaze.

His employees, meanwhile, have fled. Of 32 workers, 28 have left, mainly to neighboring Syria.

- 'Worst phase' -

Israeli strikes have put at least two land crossings with Syria out of service, blocking a key export route for produce and crops.

Airlines have suspended flights to Lebanon as insurance costs soar.

This has dealt a deadly blow to agricultural exports, most of which are destined for Gulf Arab states.

Fruit exporter Chadi Kaadan said exports to the Gulf have dropped by more than 50 percent.

The supply surplus in the local market has caused prices to plummet at home, he added.

"In the end, it is the farmer who loses," said Saad who used to earn $5,000 a day before the war started. Today, he barely manages $300.

While avocados can stay on the tree for months, they are starting to run out of water following Israeli strikes on irrigation channels, Saad said.

Citrus fruits and cherimoyas have already started to fall.

"The war has ruined me. I spend my time in front of the TV waiting for a ceasefire so I can return to my livelihood," Saad told AFP.

Gaby Hage, a resident of the Christian town of Rmeish, on the border with Israel, is one of the few farmers who decided to stay in south Lebanon.

He has only been able to harvest 100 of his 350 olive trees, which were left untended for a year because of cross-border strikes.

"I took advantage of a slight lull in the fighting to pick what I could," he told AFP.

Hage said agriculture was a lifeline for the inhabitants of his town, which has been cut off by the war.

Ibrahim Tarchichi, president of the farmers' union in the Bekaa Valley, which was hit hard by the strikes, believes that agriculture in Lebanon is going through the "worst phase" of its recent history.

"I have experienced four wars, it has never been this serious," he said.