Clashes Intensify between SDF, Türkiye-Backed Factions in Syria

US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters stand guard at Al-Naeem Square, in Raqqa, Syria, Monday, Feb. 7, 2022. (AP)
US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters stand guard at Al-Naeem Square, in Raqqa, Syria, Monday, Feb. 7, 2022. (AP)
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Clashes Intensify between SDF, Türkiye-Backed Factions in Syria

US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters stand guard at Al-Naeem Square, in Raqqa, Syria, Monday, Feb. 7, 2022. (AP)
US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters stand guard at Al-Naeem Square, in Raqqa, Syria, Monday, Feb. 7, 2022. (AP)

Clashes intensified between the pro-Türkiye Free Syrian Army (FSA) and US-backed Kurdish Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) in northern and northeastern Syria.

Fighting was reported in the Manbij countryside in Aleppo’s eastern countryside. The SDF is attempting to recapture Manbij after losing it to the factions earlier this month.

Meanwhile, Turkish drones struck SDF positions near the Tishrin Dam. The warring partis also traded artillery and rocket fire, leaving six FSA and three SDF members dead, said the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights on Sunday.

Eighteen days of fighting have left 152 civilians and combatants dead, said the Observatory.

Amid the clashes, gunmen from the Peace Spring Operation factions in northeastern Syria are seeking to return to their original areas now that the Syrian regime has been toppled. The leaders of the factions are, however, arresting any member who refuses to continue to fight or attempts to leave to the area they came from.

Meanwhile, the US-led anti-ISIS international coalition and the SDF held joint training exercises in the Qasrak base in the Hasakeh countryside.

Fighters were trained in the use of heavy weapons and raising their combat readiness.

The coalition continues to bolster its military capabilities in north and eastern Syria and it regularly brings in military reinforcements to the region.

On Saturday, they brought in 50 trucks loaded with armored vehicles and logistic support material. Arriving through the al-Walid crossing with the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, the trucks headed to the coalition bases in northern and eastern Syria.

The US views the People’s Protection Units (YPG) - the largest group of the SDF – as a close ally in the fight against ISIS, stoking tensions with Ankara that views the group as terrorist and an extension of the outlawed Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK).

Ankara wants to eliminate the presence of the Kurdish group in northern and eastern Syria.



Syria: Elaborate Military Tunnel Complex Linked to Assad's Palace

A fighter affiliated with Syria's new administration carries the decapitated head of an equestrian statue of Bassel al-Assad, brother of toppled president Bashar al-Assad, removed from the abandoned Republican Guard base on Mount Qasyun. Bakr ALKASEM / AFP
A fighter affiliated with Syria's new administration carries the decapitated head of an equestrian statue of Bassel al-Assad, brother of toppled president Bashar al-Assad, removed from the abandoned Republican Guard base on Mount Qasyun. Bakr ALKASEM / AFP
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Syria: Elaborate Military Tunnel Complex Linked to Assad's Palace

A fighter affiliated with Syria's new administration carries the decapitated head of an equestrian statue of Bassel al-Assad, brother of toppled president Bashar al-Assad, removed from the abandoned Republican Guard base on Mount Qasyun. Bakr ALKASEM / AFP
A fighter affiliated with Syria's new administration carries the decapitated head of an equestrian statue of Bassel al-Assad, brother of toppled president Bashar al-Assad, removed from the abandoned Republican Guard base on Mount Qasyun. Bakr ALKASEM / AFP

On the slopes of Mount Qasyun which overlooks Damascus, a network of tunnels links a military complex, tasked with defending the Syrian capital, to the presidential palace facing it.
The tunnels, seen by an AFP correspondent, are among secrets of president Bashar al-Assad's rule exposed since the opposition toppled him on December 8.

"We entered this enormous barracks of the Republican Guard after the liberation" of Damascus sent Assad fleeing to Moscow, said Mohammad Abu Salim, a military official from Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), the dominant group in the alliance that overthrew Assad.

"We found a vast network of tunnels which lead to the presidential palace" on a neighboring hill, Salim said.

During Assad's rule, Qasyun was off limits to the people of Damascus because it was an ideal location for snipers -- the great view includes the presidential palaces and other government buildings.

It was also from this mountain that artillery units for years pounded opposition-held areas at the gates of the capital.

An AFP correspondent entered the Guard complex of two bunkers containing vast rooms reserved for its soldiers. The bunkers were equipped with telecommunications gear, electricity, a ventilation system and weapons supplies.

Other simpler tunnels were dug out of the rock to hold ammunition.

Despite such elaborate facilities, Syria's army collapsed, with troops abandoning tanks and other gear as opposition fighters advanced from their northern stronghold to the capital in less than two weeks,.

On the grounds of the Guard complex a statue of the president's brother Bassel al-Assad, atop a horse, has been toppled and Bassel's head severed.

Bassel al-Assad died in a 1994 road accident. He had been the presumed successor to his father Hafez al-Assad who set up the paranoid, secretive, repressive system of government that Bashar inherited when his father died in 2000.

In the immense Guard camp now, former opposition fighters use pictures of Bashar al-Assad and his father for target practice.

Tanks and heavy weapons still sit under arched stone shelters.

Resembling a macabre outdoor art installation, large empty rusted barrels with attached fins pointing skyward are lined up on the ground, their explosives further away.

"The regime used these barrels to bomb civilians in the north of Syria," Abu Salim said.

The United Nations denounced Bashar's use of such weapons dropped from helicopters or airplanes against civilian areas held by Assad's opponents during Syria's years-long civil war that began in 2011.