UN Warns of Worst Humanitarian Catastrophe in Yemen

OCHA said women and girls are facing heightened vulnerabilities due to acute food insecurity (UN)
OCHA said women and girls are facing heightened vulnerabilities due to acute food insecurity (UN)
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UN Warns of Worst Humanitarian Catastrophe in Yemen

OCHA said women and girls are facing heightened vulnerabilities due to acute food insecurity (UN)
OCHA said women and girls are facing heightened vulnerabilities due to acute food insecurity (UN)

In its worst food security outlook in Yemen since 2022, the UN warned of a new humanitarian catastrophe in the country, saying 18 million people are estimated to face acute hunger with as many as 166 districts expected to slide into emergency levels of food insecurity.

“Yemen is again on the brink of humanitarian disaster, standing as the world’s third most food insecure context,” said the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in its Yemen Humanitarian Update.

“As of September this year, 18.1 million people are estimated to
face acute hunger (IPC Phase 3 and above),” it added.

The Office warned that hunger is deepening across the country, with as many as 166 districts expected to slide into emergency levels of food insecurity (IPC Phase 4) this month.

It said that without sustained and large-scale assistance, as many as 41,000 people risk experiencing catastrophic, famine-like conditions (IPC Phase 5).

“This is the worst outlook for Yemen since 2022, when the country was grappling with fully fledged conflict,” the OCHA report said.

It noted that the situation is particularly severe for internally displaced persons (IDPs), with nearly seven in ten families reporting in June that they were unable to meet their basic food needs.

That same month, the Office said almost one in three families were going a whole 24-hour period without eating.

And as in other crises around the world, it said women and girls are facing heightened vulnerabilities due to acute food insecurity, often eating least and last and finding themselves increasingly exposed to protection risks.

Collapsing Economy
OCHA said that Yemen’s devastating crisis is driven by a collapsing economy, prolonged conflict, increasingly frequent climate shocks and deteriorating essential services.

“A volatile currency, surging food prices and widespread unemployment have eroded families’ purchasing power, making staple food items unaffordable for millions,” the Office found.

It said ongoing conflict, (Israeli) airstrikes and restrictions on Yemen’s financial system have further damaged infrastructure and livelihoods.

Moreover, delayed rains and severe water shortages have disrupted
planting, with the ensuing drought and now ongoing floods expected to further destroy crops and imperil livestock.

“An estimated 5.1 million farmers and 9.7 million livestock keepers risk losing their livelihoods, deepening food insecurity across the country and widening consumption gaps,” the report said, adding that families across the country have exhausted nearly every survival strategy.

In June, it said, almost four in every five households reported having no savings to provide for their basic needs.

According to OCHA, families are selling assets, such as livestock and shelter, as well as cutting medical and essential expenses to get by. These measures, in part, have worsened an already unparalleled malnutrition crisis, with nearly half of all young children in Yemen now malnourished, the report found.

Also, in response to worsening food insecurity, World Food Program resumed the second food distribution of the year in areas controlled by the de facto authorities (DFA), which was halted in April 2025 due to critical operational impediments.

Funding cuts have also impacted humanitarian operations - both in Yemen and globally, OCHA said.

It warned that the Food Security and Agriculture Cluster (FSAC) in Yemen is 10% funded as of 15 September, having received $109 million of the $1.1 billion required for 2025.

Therefore, urgent funding is needed to prevent further deterioration in food security and ensure millions can continue receiving the assistance they need to survive.

In late July, the UN report said FSAC launched a hyper-prioritized plan to combat further deteriorations in food insecurity.

The plan requests $241 million to provide urgent interventions in locations with the highest levels of food insecurity and malnutrition, which FSAC partners will deliver in close coordination with the Nutrition Cluster.

Under the plan, the hardest-hit areas, including districts anticipated to face pockets of catastrophic hunger (IPC Phase 5), will serve as the entry point for response activities.

Meanwhile, the Yemen Humanitarian Fund is planning to launch a $20 million allocation, which will focus on addressing excess mortality, morbidity and extreme protection issues arising from the negative consequences of rising food insecurity and malnutrition.

Funding will target 17 districts where food insecurity and malnutrition are most severe, and the prioritization of response activities has been done through a bottom-up approach engaging the Regional Coordination Teams to identify the most impactful interventions.

And while urgent humanitarian assistance remains the most critical priority, OCHA said longer-term solutions are also needed.

“Stabilizing Yemen’s economy, controlling inflation, investing in development activities, resuming oil exports and investing in weather-resilient agriculture and livelihoods are critical to reducing aid dependence and improving sustainable food security,” it noted.



France Reaffirms Support for Morocco's Position on Western Sahara

Moroccan Foreign Minister Nasser Bourita receives French Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs Jean-Noël Barrot in Essaouira (Moroccan Foreign Ministry)
Moroccan Foreign Minister Nasser Bourita receives French Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs Jean-Noël Barrot in Essaouira (Moroccan Foreign Ministry)
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France Reaffirms Support for Morocco's Position on Western Sahara

Moroccan Foreign Minister Nasser Bourita receives French Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs Jean-Noël Barrot in Essaouira (Moroccan Foreign Ministry)
Moroccan Foreign Minister Nasser Bourita receives French Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs Jean-Noël Barrot in Essaouira (Moroccan Foreign Ministry)

French Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot reaffirmed France's unwavering support for Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara on Friday, declaring that the territory's "present and future fall exclusively within the framework of Moroccan sovereignty."

Speaking during talks with his Moroccan counterpart, Nasser Bourita, in the coastal city of Essaouira, Barrot reiterated Paris' full backing for Morocco's autonomy plan as the sole basis for a final political settlement to the regional dispute.

His remarks echoed France's longstanding position, reaffirmed at a UN Security Council meeting on Oct. 30.

Morocco's Foreign Ministry said the talks were part of efforts to put into practice the "Reinforced Exceptional Partnership" signed by King Mohammed VI and French President Emmanuel Macron on Oct. 28, 2024, a framework designed to strengthen bilateral ties and expand cooperation across multiple sectors.

The ministers welcomed the growing momentum in relations between Rabat and Paris, praising their strong ties of friendship and cooperation as a reflection of both leaders' determination to deepen their strategic partnership and make it more effective.

They reviewed cooperation in politics, trade, culture and humanitarian affairs, exploring ways to broaden ties in line with both countries' aspirations.

Turning to regional and international affairs, Barrot and Bourita welcomed their shared positions on key issues, particularly developments in the Middle East and prospects for implementing a two-state solution.

Both countries renewed their commitment to pursuing a just, comprehensive and lasting peace, while maintaining close coordination to advance security, stability and development across the Maghreb, the Sahel and the Mediterranean.

Barrot traveled to Morocco to attend a high-level session of the 2026 World Forum of Women for Peace, organized by the association Les Guerrières de la Paix in Essaouira.

His visit also included talks with senior Moroccan officials, visits to French cultural and educational institutions in the city and a meeting with representatives of the French community.


Damascus Moves to Reconnect Aleppo Countryside, End a Decade of Territorial Division

Preparations for the launch of the second phase of the “Echo of Resilience 2” project in Manbij (Ministry of Emergency and Disaster Management)
Preparations for the launch of the second phase of the “Echo of Resilience 2” project in Manbij (Ministry of Emergency and Disaster Management)
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Damascus Moves to Reconnect Aleppo Countryside, End a Decade of Territorial Division

Preparations for the launch of the second phase of the “Echo of Resilience 2” project in Manbij (Ministry of Emergency and Disaster Management)
Preparations for the launch of the second phase of the “Echo of Resilience 2” project in Manbij (Ministry of Emergency and Disaster Management)

A convoy of Syrian army heavy machinery headed to Manbij in northern Syria on Saturday to help tear down wartime earthen barriers and fill trenches stretching 841 kilometers across 255 cities and villages, in a drive to erase former frontlines and reunite areas divided by years of conflict.

The operation, in eastern Aleppo province, aims to consolidate state authority and reintegrate the affected areas administratively and economically.

Syria's Ministry of Emergency and Disaster Management, which oversees the "Echo of Resilience" project in cooperation with Aleppo governorate, said the campaign would dismantle military fortifications, clear their remnants, rehabilitate damaged areas and reopen roads between towns and villages.

The ministry said the work would improve public services and help restore normal life and stability in the affected areas.

The project's second phase began on Thursday in Manbij and its surrounding countryside and is expected to last seven months. It aims to make the area safer by clearing landmines and other remnants of war, allowing displaced residents to return home and farmers to reclaim access to their fields and resume cultivation.

The new phase follows an initial operation launched in early July around Azaz in northern Aleppo province, seven kilometers from the Turkish border.

That phase concluded on Nov. 12 after crews cleared 202 kilometers of earthen barriers and trenches, reconnecting about 33 towns and villages and easing civilian movement.

Manbij's Divided Past

The work in Manbij carries particular political and geographical weight. Before the fall of the former government, the city and its surroundings were a volatile meeting point for three rival military forces.

The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and the Manbij Military Council controlled the city and surrounding areas, while Turkish-backed Syrian National Army factions held positions to the north and west. Forces of the former government, backed by Russia and Iran, were stationed to the south.

The rival deployments left hundreds of kilometers of trenches, double-layered earthen barriers and minefields along four main fronts.

The fortifications stretched from the Sajur River toward Jarablus in the north, through the area around Arima toward al-Bab in the west, and from Abu Kahf toward Deir Hafir in the south to the vicinity of Tishrin Dam and Qara Qozak Bridge on the Euphrates River's western bank in the east.

Removing those defenses is intended to reopen vital transport and trade routes linking eastern and northern Aleppo and restore access to farmland that had been isolated or off-limits for years.

From Military Frontlines to State Control

The two phases of the "Echo of Resilience" project coincide with efforts to implement a Jan. 29, 2026, agreement between the Syrian government and the SDF.

The agreement seeks to end territorial divisions, integrate the affected areas administratively and economically, extend state control across Syria and ensure the return of forcibly displaced people and other residents once suitable conditions are in place.

Around Azaz, once a flashpoint along the frontlines facing Tal Rifaat and Afrin, the removal of earthen barriers marked a practical step toward dismantling former lines of confrontation and reconnecting Syrian territory, officials overseeing the project told the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA).

Observers of Syrian affairs say the dismantling of military fortifications by Syrian army units in a strategic area such as Manbij sends a clear political message: the state is consolidating control on the ground while reducing the military presence in residential and agricultural areas.

They say the shift could also strengthen border security and revive regional trade.


How Will the Showdown Between al-Zaidi and Kataib Hezbollah End?

Members of Iraq's Kataib Hezbollah carry the group's flag in central Baghdad (AFP)
Members of Iraq's Kataib Hezbollah carry the group's flag in central Baghdad (AFP)
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How Will the Showdown Between al-Zaidi and Kataib Hezbollah End?

Members of Iraq's Kataib Hezbollah carry the group's flag in central Baghdad (AFP)
Members of Iraq's Kataib Hezbollah carry the group's flag in central Baghdad (AFP)

A two-week standoff between Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi and Kataib Hezbollah has erupted into a public war of accusations, complicating government efforts to bring the weapons of Iran-backed armed groups under state control.

Tensions flared after leaked intelligence reports accused Kataib Hezbollah of smuggling thousands of barrels of oil extracted from Jurf al-Sakhar, south of Baghdad. The group has controlled the area for nearly a decade, barring successive governments from entering.

On Friday, the government sent a committee headed by the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) to investigate the smuggling allegations.

Lieutenant General Saad Maan, head of Iraq's Security Media Cell, said neither political parties nor armed factions were represented on the committee investigating the smuggling of petroleum products in Jurf al-Sakhar.

A senior official in the ruling Shiite Coordination Framework told Asharq Al-Awsat that the investigation into Kataib Hezbollah's alleged oil sales marked the first government move on the ground inside the restricted area controlled by the group.

Iran's patronage

Kataib Hezbollah was founded after the 2003 US invasion of Iraq by Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, who was killed in a US strike near Baghdad International Airport in early 2020 alongside Qassem Soleimani, commander of the Quds Force of Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps.

The Coordination Framework official said the group's strength and influence could not be understood without examining its ties to its Iranian patron.

Successive governments had largely failed to confront Kataib Hezbollah or enter Jurf al-Sakhar because of the power it drew from its close ties with Tehran, the official said, describing it as the spearhead of factions loyal to Iran's doctrine of guardianship of the Islamic jurist.

Despite a lack of reliable figures on its fighters and weapons, the official warned against underestimating the group's military strength.

Kataib Hezbollah has a sizable arsenal of rockets and drones, the official said, without specifying their types or numbers.

But Iran's financial backing was largely limited to the group's early years, the source said. Over the past few years, Kataib Hezbollah has developed a network of financial interests of its own, potentially including oil investment or theft.

The group also receives substantial funding from the PMF through three brigades under its command.

The official warned that the standoff with al-Zaidi's government had reached a dangerous point, raising serious alarm within the Coordination Framework.

Senior Shiite leaders were working intensively to avert a possible confrontation between the government and Kataib Hezbollah, the official said.

Taking on armed factions

Will al-Zaidi see the confrontation through?

Political analyst Akeel Abbas believes the prime minister has already gone further than any of his predecessors in confronting armed factions over their weapons.

Al-Zaidi has not only openly challenged one of Iraq's most powerful armed groups but also exposed corruption cases in Jurf al-Sakhar, an area of exceptional geographical and political sensitivity, Abbas told Asharq Al-Awsat.

"The decision to confront the group has already been made," Abbas said, although the nature of that confrontation could change as events unfold.

The Coordination Framework's influence over the dispute appears to be waning, he said, with its traditional role as mediator between the prime minister and armed factions no longer as effective as before.

Abbas called the latest standoff a significant development that challenged a long-standing assumption in Iraqi politics: any prime minister who confronted armed factions would be ousted.

US backing and the judiciary

Two factors have strengthened al-Zaidi's hand, according to Abbas: US backing at a time when Iran is grappling with acute weakness and turmoil, and support from Iraq's judiciary.

Together, he said, they have made the difference in the confrontation.

Still, Abbas did not rule out a retreat by the prime minister.

Under current circumstances, al-Zaidi appears to hold the stronger position against Kataib Hezbollah, a striking reversal in Iraqi politics, he said.

But backing down would be difficult for the prime minister, making a political deal between the two sides the more likely outcome as both seek to avoid defeat.

No clear strategy

Ayad al-Anbar, a political science professor at the University of Baghdad, is less convinced by the government's campaign to bring armed groups' weapons under state control.

He questioned whether the government has a coherent strategy for disarming the factions or confronting Kataib Hezbollah.

"The government's strategy for bringing weapons under state control remains unclear," Anbar told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Instead, he said, authorities rely on short-term tactics that shift with events and the reactions they provoke.

There is little sign of a clearly defined plan, with successive steps or contingency options, he said. Government measures trigger responses from armed factions, only for tensions to ease and the escalation to be contained.

Anbar said the same pattern applied to the government's latest pressure tactic: economic pressure.

The confrontation with Kataib Hezbollah and the wider disarmament issue have become exercises in political sparring and shows of force rather than a serious debate over a fundamental problem, he said.

The Iraqi state's fragility inevitably weakens its security system and allows competing centers of power and control to emerge, Anbar argued.

"In a country of political fiefdoms, why wouldn't those with weapons seek to become security fiefdoms themselves?" he asked.

That, he said, explains a fundamental part of the problem.