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Abdi Says Reached First Deal on Merging SDF with Syrian Army 

Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) commander-in-chief Mazloum Abdi, speaks during a press conference in Syria's northeastern city of Hasakeh on December 6, 2024. (AFP) 
Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) commander-in-chief Mazloum Abdi, speaks during a press conference in Syria's northeastern city of Hasakeh on December 6, 2024. (AFP) 
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Abdi Says Reached First Deal on Merging SDF with Syrian Army 

Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) commander-in-chief Mazloum Abdi, speaks during a press conference in Syria's northeastern city of Hasakeh on December 6, 2024. (AFP) 
Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) commander-in-chief Mazloum Abdi, speaks during a press conference in Syria's northeastern city of Hasakeh on December 6, 2024. (AFP) 

Syrian Kurdish leader Mazloum Abdi has announced to AFP that he had reached a "preliminary agreement" with Damascus on the integration of his forces into Syria's military and security forces.

Abdi, who heads the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), had met Syrian interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa in Damascus last week, along with US envoy Tom Barrack and US commander Brad Cooper.

While the Kurdish forces, who control large swathes of Syria's oil-rich northeast, had signed an agreement with the new Syrian authorities in March to merge their civil and military institutions, the deal's terms were not implemented.

"What is new in our recent talks in Damascus is the shared determination and strong will to accelerate the implementation of the terms" of the agreement, Abdi told AFP in an interview at a military base in the northeastern city of Hasakeh on Sunday.

"The most important point is having reached a preliminary agreement regarding the mechanism for integrating the SDF and the (Kurdish) Internal Security Forces within the framework of defense and interior ministries," he added.

The Washington-backed SDF and Kurdish security forces consist of around 100,000 male and female members, according to them.

The SDF played a vital role in the fight against the ISIS group in Syria, which ultimately led to the extremist organization's territorial defeat in the country in 2019.

Abdi said that military and security delegations from his forces are currently in Damascus to discuss the mechanism for their integration.

Disagreements

After the fall of longtime leader Bashar al-Assad in December, Sharaa announced the dissolution of all armed groups, to be absorbed by state institutions.

Abdi explained that "the SDF will be restructured through its integration into the defense ministry", as part of several formations.

However, some disagreements remain.

"We demand a decentralized system in Syria... we have not agreed on it," he added, as they are "still discussing finding a common formula acceptable to all".

He stressed that they "agree on the territorial integrity of Syria, the unity of national symbols, the independence of political decision-making in the country, and the fight against terrorism".

"We all agree that Syria should not return to the era of war, and that there should be stability and security. I believe these factors are sufficient for us to reach a permanent agreement."

During the last meeting with Sharaa, Abdi said he had called for "modifying or adding some clauses to the existing constitutional declaration" announced in March, particularly those related to "guaranteeing the rights of the Kurdish people in the constitution".

"There was a positive response to this matter, and we hope this will happen soon," he added.

Abdi also expressed his gratitude to the United States and France for facilitating negotiations with Damascus.

Asked about Damascus's backer Türkiye, which has always been hostile to the SDF, Abdi said "any success of the negotiations will certainly depend on Türkiye’s role", expressing hope that it will play a "supportive and contributing role in the ongoing negotiation process".

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan urged the SDF on Wednesday to "keep their word" and "complete their integration with Syria".

When questioned about the region's fossil fuel reserves, Abdi noted they "have not yet discussed the oil issue, but it will certainly be addressed in upcoming meetings."

"Oil and other underground resources in northeastern Syria to belong to all Syrians, and their revenues and revenues must be distributed fairly across all Syrian provinces."

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Arab World

Hamas Says Will Give Up Arms to a Palestinian Authority ‘If Occupation Ends’

A Palestinian gunman stands guard as Hamas and Islamic Jihad fighters transport a white body bag believed to carry the remains of an Israeli hostage in the town of Beit Lahia in the northern Gaza Strip on December 3, 2025. (AFP)
A Palestinian gunman stands guard as Hamas and Islamic Jihad fighters transport a white body bag believed to carry the remains of an Israeli hostage in the town of Beit Lahia in the northern Gaza Strip on December 3, 2025. (AFP)
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Hamas Says Will Give Up Arms to a Palestinian Authority ‘If Occupation Ends’

A Palestinian gunman stands guard as Hamas and Islamic Jihad fighters transport a white body bag believed to carry the remains of an Israeli hostage in the town of Beit Lahia in the northern Gaza Strip on December 3, 2025. (AFP)
A Palestinian gunman stands guard as Hamas and Islamic Jihad fighters transport a white body bag believed to carry the remains of an Israeli hostage in the town of Beit Lahia in the northern Gaza Strip on December 3, 2025. (AFP)

Hamas said Saturday it was ready to hand over its weapons in the Gaza Strip to a Palestinian authority governing the territory on the condition that the Israeli army’s occupation ends.

“Our weapons are linked to the existence of the occupation and the aggression,” Hamas chief negotiator and its Gaza chief Khalil al-Hayya said in a statement, adding: “If the occupation ends, these weapons will be placed under the authority of the state.”

Asked by AFP, al-Hayya’s bureau said he was referring to a sovereign and independent Palestinian state.

“We accept the deployment of UN forces as a separation force, tasked with monitoring the borders and ensuring compliance with the ceasefire in Gaza,” al-Hayya added, signaling his group’s rejection of the deployment of an international force in the Strip whose mission would be to disarm it.

Arab World

Hezbollah Supporters Dismayed as Leaked Videos Show Assad Mocking Party

A tattered Syrian flag and Assad poster in Aleppo on Dec. 5, 2024. (AFP via Getty Images)
A tattered Syrian flag and Assad poster in Aleppo on Dec. 5, 2024. (AFP via Getty Images)
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Hezbollah Supporters Dismayed as Leaked Videos Show Assad Mocking Party

A tattered Syrian flag and Assad poster in Aleppo on Dec. 5, 2024. (AFP via Getty Images)
A tattered Syrian flag and Assad poster in Aleppo on Dec. 5, 2024. (AFP via Getty Images)

Hezbollah supporters in Lebanon expressed their dismay in the leaked videos of ousted Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and his late media advisor Luna al-Shibl in which they mock supporters of the regime, including the Iran-backed party, during the 14-year Syrian civil war.

Al Arabiya released the videos that showed Assad driving a vehicle in Damascus, with Shibl in the passenger seat. A third person was filming from the back seat. The videos are undated but suspected to date back to 2018 after opposition fighters were forced out of Ghouta near Damascus.

As they drive, the trio encounter gunmen, whom Assad said were Lebanese, meaning Hezbollah fighters. Shibl then started to discuss the party and its performance during the war.

Hezbollah had sent its fighters to Syria to prop up the regime during the conflict. Its intervention helped prolong the war. Russia’s eventual intervention helped tip the balance in the regime’s favor.

In the videos, Shibl said that the “Syrian army has learned and now has experience that it can share with other armies.”

“Hezbollah in the end could not back up its claims and we never heard from it,” she added.

Commenting to Asharq Al-Awsat about the videos, Hezbollah supporters in Lebanon expressed their disappointment, saying they were a “mockery of all the sacrifices and denial of the facts on the ground.”

One supporter said Assad’s silence over Shibl’s comments “is a sign of his agreement and another insult” to the party.

Assad has no loyalty and does not appreciate the sacrifices, he stressed.

Another supporter dismissed Shibl, telling Asharq Al-Awsat that she is “delusional”, a “liar” and “flatterer”.

“She and Assad both know that were it not for Hezbollah, the opposition would have captured Damascus in winter 2012,” he remarked.

Hezbollah supporters often trade stories about their fighting in Syria. The party has also released footage of its operations in Syria, most notably in the regions of Qusayr and al-Qalamoun in spring 2013, and Aleppo, al-Zabadani and Ghouta in 2016. Those operations have become part of the party’s “lore”.

One Hezbollah fighters told Asharq Al-Awsat that the regime army “did not know how to stop attacks in southern Damascus in 2012. (...) The party had to step in and draft plans.”

The offensive launched by the opposition in Daraa at the time “was repelled by the party alone and some Syrian fighters,” he went on to say.

In eastern Ghouta, he recalled how the regime forces were retreating, “leaving Hezbollah members to fight alone for two hours” before regrouping.

“Shibl should have spoken about who devised the plans to capture al-Qalamoun and al-Zabadani and who fought there” before she doubted the party’s capabilities, the fighter told Asharq Al-Awsat.

The disappointment in the videos also played out on social media, with supporters recalling that before they were allied during the war, Hezbollah and the regime had a rivalry that dates back to Lebanon’s 1975-90 civil war.

The rivalry was patched up because the regime needed the party, said one social media user.

Another said the videos were a message to those who still defended Assad.

Ties between Hezbollah and Assad were strained before his ouster in December 2024. Some Hezbollah leaders accused Assad of abandoning the party during the “support war” it had launched from Lebanon in solidarity with Hamas in Gaza in October 2023.

It has since been revealed that Assad barred Hezbollah from using Syrian territory to launch rockets at Israel during the “support war”. The regime also restricted the delivery of weapons to the party through Syria during the conflict.

Arab World

Assad Curses Ghouta, Mocks Syrian Troops in Leaked Videos

Bashar al-Assad was overthrown after 24 years in power. (EPA)
Bashar al-Assad was overthrown after 24 years in power. (EPA)
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Assad Curses Ghouta, Mocks Syrian Troops in Leaked Videos

Bashar al-Assad was overthrown after 24 years in power. (EPA)
Bashar al-Assad was overthrown after 24 years in power. (EPA)

As Syrians gear up to mark the one-year anniversary of the ouster of President Bashar al-Assad's regime on Monday, Al Arabiya television released videos of the toppled leader recorded a few years ago showing him cursing the region of al-Ghouta and mocking his own troops even amid the civil war.

The videos released on Saturday showed Assad as he was driving his car through Damascus with his late media advisor Luna al-Shibl. The videos are undated but suspected to have been recorded around 2018 after opposition fighters were forced out of Ghouta. They were filmed by a third person in the vehicle with Assad and Shibl.

In one video, Assad is heard cursing Ghouta, saying: “To hell with it.” Other shots showed him mocking his own soldiers when they would kiss the president’s hands in a show of loyalty.

At one point, Shibl asked Assad how he feels about seeing posters of himself on the streets of Syria, to which he replied that he feels “nothing” about them.

On the situation in war-torn Syria, Assad said he was “not only ashamed but disgusted.”

Assad at one point mocks even his family name, which translates to “lion” in Arabic, saying maybe he should change it to “some other animal.”

Assad and Shibl even mocked Lebanon's Hezbollah that had sent its fighters to Syria to prop up the regime.

Commenting on the leaks, Syrians dismissed them, while other said they were further evidence of his lack of loyalty to forces that had stood by him during the war.

Journalist Wael Youssef said he did not care about the leaks, saying Assad and Shibl were now part of the past.

He added that he was disturbed even hearing their voices. “Personally, I could never listen to Bashar when he was delivering an allegedly important speech. If it was really important, I would get a copy of it to read. Today they are now behind us, thank God.”

Assad's late media advisor Luna al-Shibl.

Radwan, a resident of Damascus’ Jobar neighborhood that was destroyed by regime forces during the war, described Assad as an “idiot, which is why we rose up against him”.

“When he would bomb us with planes, we would often wonder how he could possibly call himself Syrian because he has an unnatural animosity to Syria and its people,” he said. “The videos are evidence of this.”

Lawyer Nibal Hamdoun said she was not surprised by Assad’s comments in the leaks. “We had experienced his sentiments during 14 years of killing and destruction during the war,” she remarked.

“If he believes Syria is disgusting, then it is because of his corrupt rule and the corruption of his father (late President Hafez al-Assad),” she stressed, adding that he should be ashamed of himself.

Another Syrian, Badr Rahmeh said he was curious to learn how Assad feels in his Moscow exile as he watches Syria prepare to celebrate a year since his ouster.

“Will he watch as we trample posters of his image that he allegedly didn’t like to see on the streets where we were forced to hang them?” he wondered.

“I want to know how the supporters Shibl had called on to persevere during the war now feel as they watch these videos that mock their loyalty,” he went on to say.

Shibl had died in mysterious circumstance in 2024. The official story was that she died in a car accident, while skeptics say that the accident was deliberate and staged by the regime after she had fallen afoul of it.

She had worked for years as the director of the presidency media office before being promoted to Assad’s media advisor.