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Israeli Military Sacks Several Generals Over October 7 Attack

Palestinian gunmen riding in an Israeli military vehicle they seized during the October 7, 2023 attack (Reuters).
Palestinian gunmen riding in an Israeli military vehicle they seized during the October 7, 2023 attack (Reuters).
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Israeli Military Sacks Several Generals Over October 7 Attack

Palestinian gunmen riding in an Israeli military vehicle they seized during the October 7, 2023 attack (Reuters).
Palestinian gunmen riding in an Israeli military vehicle they seized during the October 7, 2023 attack (Reuters).

Israel's military announced the dismissal of three generals and disciplinary actions against several other senior officers over their failure to prevent the October 2023 assault by Hamas, the deadliest attack in the country's history.  

The move comes two weeks after Israeli military chief Eyal Zamir called for a "systemic investigation" into the failures that led to onslaught, even as the government dragged its feet on establishing a state commission of inquiry despite public pressure.  

The list of generals fired included three divisional commanders, one of whom was then serving as the military intelligence chief.  

A military statement released Sunday said they bore personal responsibility for the armed forces' failure to prevent the attack launched by Hamas from the Gaza Strip. 

The firing comes after all three had already resigned from their posts, including the former head of the southern command General Yaron Finkelman.  

Disciplinary actions were also announced against the head of the navy and air force, along with moves against four other generals and several senior officers.  

It remains to be seen how or if Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu might also be pinned with blame for having a role in the inability to prevent the Hamas onslaught. 

For the past two years, Netanyahu has repeatedly said that the failures that lead to the October 7 attacks should be addressed after the war in Gaza ended.  

According to polls, a large number of Israelis across the political spectrum support the establishment of an inquiry to determine who is responsible for the authorities' failure to prevent the attack.  

Netanyahu's government has so far refused to form such a commission.  

Hamas's attack on southern Israel in October 2023 resulted in the deaths of 1,221 people and sparked a devastating two-year war in Gaza.  

Israel's retaliatory assault on Gaza has killed at least 69,756 people, according to figures from the health ministry that the UN considers reliable.  

Earlier this month, a report by a committee of experts appointed by the military chief Zamir was published, marking the conclusion of the army's internal investigations into the October 7 attacks. 

The report concluded that there had been a "long-standing systemic and organizational failure" within the military apparatus.  

The investigation also noted the military's "intelligence failure" over its "inability to raise the alarm" over the attacks -- even though the army had "exceptional, high-quality information."  

It also deplored "deficient decision-making processes and force deployment during the night of October 7, 2023" and pointed to failures across the military's chain of command.  

Israel's Minister of Defense Israel Katz said Monday that he had tasked the defense establishment's comptroller Yair Wolansky with examining the report to determine if further investigations were needed.  

Following the announcement, Israeli media was rife with speculation that the comments marked the latest point of friction between Zamir and Katz, who have aired disagreements in the past over how to prosecute the war against Hamas. 

Inside Gaza on Monday, Israel's military said its troops shot three militants who had crossed the so-called Yellow Line, an area its troops retreated to in accordance with a ceasefire agreement reached last month.  

The military said two of the individuals killed had approached troops near the southern city of Khan Younis, where the territory's civil defense agency said two Palestinians had been killed by a drone strike. 

Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis also confirmed receiving two bodies and three injured Palestinians, including one in critical condition.  

Mahmud Bassal, the spokesman for the civil defense, said that one other person was killed by tank fire in Gaza City.  

Shifa hospital director Mohammad Abu Salmiya confirmed receiving the body, as well as several people injured during the incident.  

Hamas regularly accuses Israel of shifting the Yellow Line further into the territory it controls, calling it a violation of the ceasefire agreement. 

The group said Monday that a "high-level leadership delegation" was in Cairo for the past two days, meeting with mediators to agree on terms for the second phase of a US-brokered truce that began on October 10. 

 

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Arab World

Nearly 25 ISIS Fighters Killed or Captured in Syria, US Military Says

A US military patrol is seen in northeastern Syria. (Reuters file)
A US military patrol is seen in northeastern Syria. (Reuters file)
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Nearly 25 ISIS Fighters Killed or Captured in Syria, US Military Says

A US military patrol is seen in northeastern Syria. (Reuters file)
A US military patrol is seen in northeastern Syria. (Reuters file)

The US military said Tuesday that nearly 25 operatives of the ISIS group were killed or captured in Syria this month following an ambush that killed two US troops and an American civilian interpreter.

The US Central Command, which oversees the Middle East, said in a statement on X that 11 missions were carried out over the past 10 days and followed initial strikes against ISIS weapons sites and infrastructure on Dec. 19, which hit 70 targets across central Syria.

In the operations since, the US military and other forces from the region, including Syria, killed at least seven ISIS members, captured others and eliminated four weapons caches, US Central Command said.

“We will not relent,” Adm. Brad Cooper, who leads the command, said in the statement. “We are steadfast in commitment to working with regional partners to root out the ISIS threat posed to US and regional security.”

Targets ranged from senior ISIS members who were being closely monitored by military officials to lower-level foot soldiers, according to a US official who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive military operations.

The official said a growing collaboration between the United States and Syria's relatively new government meant that US forces were able to attack ISIS in areas of the country where they previously did not operate. Syrian forces were the driving force behind some of the missions against the militant group this year, the official added.

The official compared the growing cooperation to that between the US and Iraq in fighting ISIS a decade ago and said the goal, like in Iraq, is to ultimately hand over the effort fully to the Syrians.

The latest operations followed a Dec. 13 ambush that occurred near the ancient city of Palmyra while American and Syrian security officials had gathered for a meeting over lunch. Two members of the Iowa National Guard and a civilian interpreter from Michigan were killed, while three other US troops and members of Syria’s security forces were wounded.

The gunman, who was killed, had joined Syria’s internal security forces as a base security guard and recently had been reassigned because of suspicions he might be affiliated with ISIS, Syrian officials said.

The initial retaliatory strike on ISIS targets in Syria, which included fighter jets from Jordan, was a major test for the warming ties between the US and Syria since last year's ouster of autocratic leader Bashar al-Assad.

President Donald Trump said Syria's new president, Ahmed al-Sharaa, was “extremely angry and disturbed by this attack."

Arab World

Somali Ambassador to African Union Asharq Al-Awsat: Allies Consulted to Defend Country’s Unity

Somalia’s Ambassador to Addis Ababa and the African Union. Abdullahi Warfa. (Social media)
Somalia’s Ambassador to Addis Ababa and the African Union. Abdullahi Warfa. (Social media)
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Somali Ambassador to African Union Asharq Al-Awsat: Allies Consulted to Defend Country’s Unity

Somalia’s Ambassador to Addis Ababa and the African Union. Abdullahi Warfa. (Social media)
Somalia’s Ambassador to Addis Ababa and the African Union. Abdullahi Warfa. (Social media)

Somalia is weighing options to defend its unity and sovereignty and is consulting strategic allies and partners in the region and beyond to determine the best course of action, its ambassador to Ethiopia and the African Union said on Tuesday.

Abdullahi Warfa told Asharq Al-Awsat that the consultations aim to “choose the best ways to defend the country’s sovereignty and unity,” following an announcement by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that Israel had officially recognized “the Republic of Somaliland as an independent, sovereign state.”

The Israeli move drew condemnation from Arab, Islamic and African countries. Several Arab and Muslim states, the Arab League, the Gulf Cooperation Council and the African Union Commission issued statements rejecting the step.

Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud rejected the recognition and told an emergency meeting of Arab League envoys on Sunday that Mogadishu has “the right to legitimate self-defense of its territory.”

Asked whether Somalia might pursue legal action against Somaliland’s separatist leader, Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi Irro, or whether military action was being considered, Warfa said several options were under review and would be discussed.

Somalia, he stressed, is consulting strategic allies and partners before choosing “the best option to defend Somalia, its unity and its sovereignty.”

Warfa said Israel’s recognition of northern Somalia’s breakaway region was “categorically rejected and unacceptable,” calling it “a blatant assault on the unity and sovereignty of the Somali people” and a violation of international law, international legitimacy and diplomatic norms.

The move “cannot be accepted by any political or legal logic”, he went on to say, adding that Israel, which he described as lacking international legitimacy, “cannot grant legitimacy to others.”

On the diplomatic front, Warfa noted that the Arab League, the African Union, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Gulf Cooperation Council had all stood by Somalia against what he called the Israeli violation.

“The international community as a whole has almost entirely stood with international legitimacy,” he remarked, adding that blame lay with Israel, which he described as internationally isolated, for a gamble that would yield no results.

Warfa noted that the United Nations Security Council met on Monday at Somalia’s request and that all 15 members voted in support of Somalia, backing its rejection of Israel’s steps.

As for Israel’s motives, Warfa said the “reckless attempt” aimed to establish Israeli military bases to control the strategic Bab al-Mandab strait, a key artery for global shipping.

He warned that “even more dangerous” was what he described as an Israeli plan to use its presence in the area to relocate more than 1.8 million Palestinians from Palestinian territories to Somalia, stressing that Somalia’s unity is “sacred and untouchable,” and that any infringement is a red line.

On Somali public opinion, Warfa stressed that rejection of the Israeli move was unanimous across the country, in central, northern and southern regions alike. Residents of the breakaway region had also rejected their leader's action, pointing to large demonstrations in several areas.

Last week, Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar announced that Israel had signed an agreement on mutual recognition and the establishment of full diplomatic relations with Somaliland. He added that he had spoken by phone with Somaliland’s leader, describing the day as “important for both sides.”

Arab World

Lebanon Voices Official Anger at Hamas over Refusal to Hand over Weapons

Lebanese army soldiers stand next to a truck carrying weapons at the Burj al-Barajneh Palestinian refugee camp in southern Beirut, Lebanon, 29 August 2025. (EPA)
Lebanese army soldiers stand next to a truck carrying weapons at the Burj al-Barajneh Palestinian refugee camp in southern Beirut, Lebanon, 29 August 2025. (EPA)
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Lebanon Voices Official Anger at Hamas over Refusal to Hand over Weapons

Lebanese army soldiers stand next to a truck carrying weapons at the Burj al-Barajneh Palestinian refugee camp in southern Beirut, Lebanon, 29 August 2025. (EPA)
Lebanese army soldiers stand next to a truck carrying weapons at the Burj al-Barajneh Palestinian refugee camp in southern Beirut, Lebanon, 29 August 2025. (EPA)

As the Lebanese army presses ahead with efforts to seize weapons inside Palestinian refugee camps across the country, a key question remains unresolved: what will become of Hamas’s arsenal in Lebanon, as the group continues to defy a government decision and a Lebanese-Palestinian agreement requiring it to hand over its arms.

Official Lebanese frustration with Hamas and allied factions has reached unprecedented levels, driven by their refusal to hand over medium and heavy weapons located south of the Litani River, specifically in the Rashidieh Palestinian refugee camp.

The deadline set by the Lebanese army to complete the first phase of the government’s decision to impose state monopoly over arms, which covers the area between the Litani River and the Israeli border, expires at the end of 2025.

The government is expected to announce during a meeting in early 2026 the completion of the first phase and the move to implement the second one, in an effort to head off Israeli threats to launch a new round of war to counter what Israel describes as attempts by Hezbollah to rebuild its military capabilities.

The hardline stance taken by Hamas and other factions has raised questions, particularly as Hezbollah has complied and handed over its weapons south of the Litani. This has heightened concerns over the safety and stability of the Rashidieh camp if Israel decides to target weapons believed to include medium and heavy arms stored inside it.

External mediation efforts

A senior official told Asharq Al-Awsat that Lebanon has sought external mediation to address the issue of Hamas’s weapons, and that these countries have exerted pressure on the group, so far without success.

Sources following the file said that Fatah’s handover on Tuesday of a new batch of weapons from the Ain al-Hilweh camp was a renewed attempt to pressure Hamas into surrendering its arms.

Head of the Lebanese Palestinian Dialogue Committee Ambassador Ramez Dimashkieh openly expressed official Lebanese dissatisfaction with Hamas and allied factions and with their handling of the issue.

“As long as these factions declare that they operate under the authority of the Lebanese state, they are supposed to abide by the state’s decisions, not resort to stalling by linking the handover to the issue of rights,” Dimashkieh told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“We know there are rights and demands, and we are working seriously on this file, but we reject any bargaining between one file and another.”

He said there was no benefit in holding broad meetings with the factions, stressing that Hamas and its allies should instead contact the Lebanese army directly to set dates for handing over weapons, just as the Palestine Liberation Organization factions have done.

Hamas, Islamic Jihad and other allied factions reject the decisions of the Lebanese Palestinian summit that was held earlier this year, arguing that the Lebanese state should resolve the Palestinian file in Lebanon as a single package, and should not prioritize weapons over Palestinian rights and demands.

Sources in Hamas told Asharq Al-Awsat that the group is still waiting for Dimashkieh to invite all factions to dialogue on the weapons issue and outstanding files related to Palestinian rights, with the aim of agreeing on a framework paper for a solution.

They said Dimashkieh had promised during the last meeting to call for such talks, but no invitation has been made.

There appears to be no Lebanese political or military plan to forcibly collect Palestinian weapons.

Military sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that the army’s current role regarding the remaining weapons inside the camps is limited to preventing the entry or exit of arms, with security measures tightened at the main and secondary entrances to camps across Lebanon.

Fifth batch of Fatah weapons handed over

Meanwhile, the Lebanese army announced on Tuesday that, as part of the ongoing process to remove weapons from Palestinian camps, it had taken delivery of a quantity of Palestinian arms from the Ain al-Hilweh camp in southern Lebanon, in coordination with the relevant Palestinian authorities.

The army stated that the handover included various types of weapons and ammunition, which were received by specialized military units for inspection and further processing.

For its part, the Palestinian National Security Forces in Lebanon, the military wing of Fatah, said in a statement that its forces had completed on Tuesday the handover of the fifth batch of heavy weapons belonging to the Palestine Liberation Organization at the Ain al-Hilweh camp in Sidon.

The statement said the move was in implementation of the joint presidential statement issued by Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and Lebanese President Joseph Aoun in May, and the subsequent work of the joint Lebanese-Palestinian committee tasked with following up on camp conditions and improving living standards.

The total number of Palestinian refugees registered with UNRWA in Lebanon stands at 489,292. More than half live in 12 organized camps recognized by UNRWA.