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Vision 2030 Progress Accelerates Saudi Arabia’s Economic Growth

The Saudi capital Riyadh. SPA
The Saudi capital Riyadh. SPA
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Vision 2030 Progress Accelerates Saudi Arabia’s Economic Growth

The Saudi capital Riyadh. SPA
The Saudi capital Riyadh. SPA

Saudi Arabia is nearing the end of the second phase of its Vision 2030 plan (2021-2025), a period that has seen strong growth and expanding opportunities across multiple sectors, with key economic indicators reflecting the Kingdom’s progress.

Performance data for 2024 shows that Saudi Arabia, the Arab world’s largest economy, is firmly on course to meet its Vision 2030 targets, with a significant number of metrics exceeding initial projections.

According to the latest figures, 93% of the tracked indicators have been either fully or partially achieved. A total of 299 indicators have met their goals entirely.

Meanwhile, data on Vision 2030 initiatives show that 85% have either been completed or remain on schedule, with 674 initiatives fully implemented and another 596 progressing according to plan, out of a total of 1,502 active initiatives.

Saudi Arabia’s economy continued to expand in 2024, with real non-oil GDP rising by 3.9% year-on-year, driven by a 4.3% increase in non-oil sectors. The non-oil private sector Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) also posted a strong performance, climbing to 58.1 points in the fourth quarter.

The Kingdom’s unemployment rate among Saudi citizens fell to a record low of 7% in 2024, achieving the Vision 2030 target six years ahead of schedule, compared to 12.3% in 2016.

Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia maintained inflation at 1.7% by the end of 2024, one of the lowest rates among G20 nations, supported by balanced economic policies.

Boosting Competitiveness

Saudi Arabia advanced to 16th place in the 2024 IMD World Competitiveness Ranking, up from 36th in 2017, reflecting ongoing reforms to improve the business environment.

Global credit rating agencies also reaffirmed their confidence in the Kingdom’s economic outlook. Moody’s maintained Saudi Arabia’s rating at “A1” with a stable outlook, Fitch Ratings assigned it “A+” and S&P Global rated the Kingdom at “A/A-1.”

A Vibrant Society and Ambitious Nation

Saudi Arabia recorded major achievements on the social and cultural fronts. The number of UNESCO World Heritage sites in the Kingdom rose to eight, reaching the Vision 2030 target ahead of schedule.

The number of foreign Umrah pilgrims hit a record 16.92 million in 2024, surpassing the year’s target of 11.3 million.

Homeownership among Saudi families reached 65.4% in 2024, exceeding the year's target of 64%.

In digital governance, Saudi Arabia climbed to sixth place globally in the United Nations E-Government Development Index, rising 25 spots and nearing its Vision 2030 goal of fifth place.

Volunteerism also surged, with the number of volunteers exceeding 1.2 million, surpassing the Vision 2030 target of one million volunteers and reflecting a growing culture of civic engagement.

Positive Growth Outlook

International institutions forecast a strong outlook for Saudi Arabia’s economy in 2025.

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) projects growth of 3.8%, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) expects 3% growth, and the World Bank forecasts an expansion of 3.4%. Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Finance projects a higher growth rate of 4.6%.

The sustained economic momentum and rapid transformation under Vision 2030 have strengthened Saudi Arabia’s position as an attractive investment destination and a rising hub for promising opportunities.

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Business

Saudi Tadawul to Open Fully to Direct Foreign Investment from Feb. 1

A view of the Saudi capital Riyadh. (Reuters)
A view of the Saudi capital Riyadh. (Reuters)
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Saudi Tadawul to Open Fully to Direct Foreign Investment from Feb. 1

A view of the Saudi capital Riyadh. (Reuters)
A view of the Saudi capital Riyadh. (Reuters)

Saudi Arabia’s Capital Market Authority (CMA) announced a landmark reform allowing all categories of foreign investors to invest directly in the Kingdom’s main stock market, Tadawul, starting February 1.

The move signals a strategic repositioning of the Saudi market as a highly competitive global investment destination.

The CMA has scrapped the “qualified foreign investor” requirement and abolished swap agreements, granting international investors full rights to direct share ownership.

The decision is underpinned by strong foreign investment momentum exceeding $157 billion and rising global confidence in the sustainability of Saudi economic growth.

The reform is also expected to increase Saudi Arabia’s weighting in major global indices, including MSCI and FTSE.

Under the new regulatory framework approved by the CMA’s board, the market shifts from “conditional openness” to “full openness.” Non-resident foreign investors will no longer be required to meet prior qualification criteria to access the main market.

The abolition of swap agreements - previously limiting investors to economic benefits without ownership - will allow foreign investors to hold shares directly and exercise full shareholder rights. This is expected to significantly boost liquidity and attract new institutional and individual investors.

According to the CMA, the amendments aim to expand and diversify the investor base, support capital inflows, and strengthen market liquidity.

By the end of the third quarter of 2025, international investors’ ownership in the Saudi market had surpassed SAR 590 billion ($157.3 billion), while foreign investment in the main market reached around SAR 519 billion, up from SAR 498 billion at the end of 2024. The Authority expects the new framework to draw additional international capital.

The steady rise in foreign investment, even before the reforms take effect, points to a potential surge in inflows in 2026 once the decision is implemented.

The announcement builds on earlier steps taken in July 2025, when the CMA eased procedures for opening and operating investment accounts for certain investor categories, including foreign individuals residing in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states or with prior residency in Saudi Arabia or other GCC countries.

The latest changes align with the CMA’s phased approach to market liberalization and follow the publication, in October 2025, of a draft regulatory framework for public consultation.

The Authority said further steps will follow to deepen market openness and strengthen Tadawul’s position as a global financial hub.

Business

China’s Top Diplomat Tours Africa with Focus on Strategic Trade Routes

China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivers a speech at the ministerial conference of the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China September 3, 2024. (Reuters)
China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivers a speech at the ministerial conference of the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China September 3, 2024. (Reuters)
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China’s Top Diplomat Tours Africa with Focus on Strategic Trade Routes

China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivers a speech at the ministerial conference of the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China September 3, 2024. (Reuters)
China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivers a speech at the ministerial conference of the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China September 3, 2024. (Reuters)

China’s top diplomat began his annual New Year tour of Africa on Wednesday, focusing on strategic trade access across eastern and southern Africa as Beijing seeks to secure key shipping ​routes and resource supply lines.

Foreign Minister Wang Yi will travel to Ethiopia, Africa's fastest-growing large economy; Somalia, a Horn of Africa state offering access to key global shipping lanes; Tanzania, a logistics hub linking minerals-rich central Africa to the Indian Ocean; and Lesotho, a small southern African economy squeezed by US trade measures, on this year’s trip, which runs until January 12.

Beijing aims to highlight countries it views as model partners of President Xi Jinping's flagship "Belt and Road" infrastructure program and to expand export markets, particularly in young, ‌increasingly affluent ‌economies such as Ethiopia, where the IMF forecasts growth of ‌7.2% ⁠this ​year.

China, ‌the world's largest bilateral lender, faces growing competition from the European Union to finance African infrastructure, as countries hit by pandemic-era debt strains now seek investment over loans.

"Foreign Minister Wang's visit aims to deepen political and mutual trust," a ministry spokesperson said, adding that the trip would "strengthen exchanges and mutual understanding between the two great civilizations of China and Africa."

Wang opened 2025 by visiting Namibia, the Republic of Congo, Chad and Nigeria.

FIRST DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO SOMALIA IN DECADES

His upcoming visit ⁠to Somalia will be the first by a Chinese foreign minister since the 1980s and is expected to provide Mogadishu ‌with a diplomatic boost after Israel became the first ‍country to formally recognize the breakaway ‍Republic of Somaliland, a northern region that declared itself independent in 1991.

Beijing, which reiterated its ‍support for Somalia after the Israeli announcement in December, is keen to reinforce its influence around the Gulf of Aden, the entrance to the Red Sea and a vital corridor for Chinese trade transiting the Suez Canal to Europe.

Further south, Tanzania is central to Beijing's plan to secure access to ​Africa's vast copper deposits. Chinese firms are refurbishing the Tazara Railway that runs through the country into Zambia. Li Qiang made a landmark trip ⁠to Zambia in November, the first visit by a Chinese premier in 28 years.

The railway is widely seen as a counterweight to the US and European Union-backed Lobito Corridor, which connects Zambia to Atlantic ports via Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

CHINA CHAMPIONS FREE TRADE IN LESOTHO

By visiting the southern African kingdom of Lesotho, Wang aims to highlight Beijing's push to position itself as a champion of free trade.

Last year, China offered tariff-free market access to its $19 trillion economy for the world's poorest nations, fulfilling a pledge by Chinese President Xi Jinping at the 2024 China-Africa Cooperation summit in Beijing.

Lesotho, one of the world's poorest nations with a gross domestic product of just over $2 billion, was among the countries hardest ‌hit by US President Donald Trump's sweeping tariffs last year, facing duties of up to 50% on its exports to the United States.

Business

Morocco to Ban Frozen Sardine Exports from February

Passengers walk in front of Fes Railway Station, decorated with Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) theme colors and flags, in the Moroccan city of Fes, January 5, 2026. (Reuters)
Passengers walk in front of Fes Railway Station, decorated with Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) theme colors and flags, in the Moroccan city of Fes, January 5, 2026. (Reuters)
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Morocco to Ban Frozen Sardine Exports from February

Passengers walk in front of Fes Railway Station, decorated with Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) theme colors and flags, in the Moroccan city of Fes, January 5, 2026. (Reuters)
Passengers walk in front of Fes Railway Station, decorated with Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) theme colors and flags, in the Moroccan city of Fes, January 5, 2026. (Reuters)

Morocco will halt exports of frozen sardines from February ​1 to protect domestic supplies and contain prices, the cabinet member in charge of fisheries, Zakia Driouich, said.

Sardines are a staple for ‌Moroccan households, ‌and ‌the country ⁠is ​the ‌world's top exporter of the fish, thanks to its long Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines.

The decision was triggered by a noticeable ⁠drop in supply, Driouich told ‌members of parliament ‍late on ‍Tuesday, without specifying how ‍long the ban would last.

Pelagic species such as sardines account for around 80% ​of Morocco's coastal fish resources, compared with 20% ⁠for white fish, she said.

The national canned-sardine industry (UNICOP) urged authorities in June to act against illegal fishing after reporting falling catches.

Morocco's sardine landings dropped 46% in 2024 to 525,000 metric tons, according ‌to official data.