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US Institutions Expand Footprint in Saudi Financial Sector, Nearing a Third of Total Foreign Holdings 

A man walks past the logo of Tadawul. (AFP)
A man walks past the logo of Tadawul. (AFP)
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US Institutions Expand Footprint in Saudi Financial Sector, Nearing a Third of Total Foreign Holdings 

A man walks past the logo of Tadawul. (AFP)
A man walks past the logo of Tadawul. (AFP)

Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Crown Prince and Prime Minister, arrived in Washington on Tuesday for talks with President Donald Trump and a Saudi-US investment summit, reinforcing the strategic weight of the financial partnership between the two countries, which is an essential pillar of Saudi Vision 2030.

The Crown Prince’s trip is not merely a diplomatic engagement; it reflects the deepening economic cooperation aimed at transforming Saudi Arabia into a global financial center. Today, 17 major US financial institutions operate in the Saudi market, making the United States one of the Kingdom’s most influential strategic partners in the sector.

Saudi officials say this cooperation has helped lift the value of the Saudi financial market to over USD 3 trillion by 2024. US institutions now account for nearly 30 percent of foreign investment in the sector.

Saudi Arabia began gradually opening its financial markets to foreign investors in 2015, introducing the Qualified Foreign Investor (QFI) framework. Momentum accelerated in 2019, when Tadawul was added to the MSCI and FTSE Russell emerging-market indices, attracting tens of billions of dollars in passive inflows.

Reforms under Vision 2030 helped modernize market regulations, increase transparency, and encourage foreign institutional participation. Key initiatives include the launch of the Fintech Regulatory Sandbox in 2019 and the introduction of financial derivatives trading in 2020, both aimed at enhancing liquidity and reducing volatility while opening the door to advanced global market players.

As a result, US institutional participation expanded significantly, reaching about 30 percent of total foreign exposure to Saudi financial instruments.

Critical role

American institutions have played a critical role in developing the Saudi capital market through direct investment, knowledge transfer, support for liquidity, corporate-governance modernization, and infrastructure development. Their presence has strengthened market depth and increased the appeal of Saudi assets to global investors.

Cooperation with US banks has also bolstered Saudi Arabia’s exchange-traded funds (ETF) ecosystem and strengthened the Kingdom’s debt market, supported in part through partnerships with the Public Investment Fund (PIF). This has boosted foreign focus on Saudi bonds and contributed to deeper fixed-income markets.

US institutions were also instrumental in landmark market events, including the 2019 Aramco IPO, valued at USD 29.4 billion, the world’s largest public offering at the time. Related reforms and advisory support helped drive a 110 percent increase in foreign investment in 2018.

Saudi Arabia’s Capital Market Authority (CMA) has also benefited from US expertise in areas such as mergers and acquisitions, market-making regulations, and strategies to reduce volatility and strengthen market stability.

Liquidity, governance and financial inclusion

The growing partnership has elevated performance standards and transparency across the Saudi financial sector.

Enhanced liquidity and improved governance practices, ranging from risk-management frameworks to anti-financial-crime systems, have contributed to the rise of banking assets across Gulf Cooperation Council countries to USD 2.3 trillion.

Higher governance standards have also helped Saudi Arabia improve its financial inclusion index score to more than 60 points, according to the International Monetary Fund.

Leading US institutions operating in Saudi Arabia:

Several major US firms are now deeply embedded in the Saudi financial landscape, reflecting long-term commitments to the Kingdom’s economic transformation.

BlackRock

Global asset-management giant BlackRock has established one of the strongest presences in Riyadh among foreign financial institutions. It was the first major global investment manager to open a regional office in the Saudi capital and last year added Amin Nasser, CEO of Saudi Aramco, to its board of directors.

In 2024, BlackRock signed an MoU with the Public Investment Fund to establish a multibillion-dollar multi-asset investment platform in Riyadh, backed by an initial USD 5 billion commitment from PIF.

During the Future Investment Initiative (FII) last October, BlackRock and PIF announced a series of new joint investment funds through the BlackRock Riyadh Investment Management Platform, open to both domestic and international investors.

J.P. Morgan

J.P. Morgan, the largest US bank by assets, remains a key financial partner to Saudi Arabia. It holds two operating licenses in the Kingdom: a banking license from the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) and a securities license from the Capital Market Authority.

The bank is active in advisory, asset management, and capital-markets activities, and continues to expand its role in both public- and private-sector financing.

Morgan Stanley

Morgan Stanley leverages its extensive expertise to enhance the global appeal of Saudi public offerings. The firm has participated in advising and managing several IPOs, including the upcoming listing of SITE, a PIF subsidiary.

In September, Tadawul Saudi Exchange approved the request submitted by Morgan Stanley Saudi Arabia to operate as a market maker on 52 listed stocks across both the Main Market and the Parallel Market (Nomu). The move enables the exchange to benefit from the firm’s technical capabilities, improve overall market efficiency, and narrow bid-ask spreads.

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Business

Saudi Arabia Launches First Endowment Fund for Environmental, Water and Agricultural Sustainability

The launch of the Namaa Endowment Fund (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The launch of the Namaa Endowment Fund (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Arabia Launches First Endowment Fund for Environmental, Water and Agricultural Sustainability

The launch of the Namaa Endowment Fund (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The launch of the Namaa Endowment Fund (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia has launched its first endowment fund dedicated to advancing environmental, water and agricultural sustainability, reinforcing efforts to strengthen the Kingdom’s non-profit sector and long-term development.

Minister of Environment, Water and Agriculture Eng. Abdulrahman Al-Fadhli on Tuesday inaugurated the Namaa Endowment Fund at the ministry’s headquarters, in the presence of senior officials and stakeholders.

The fund is designed to support economic and social development goals, address community needs, increase the non-profit sector’s contribution to GDP, and promote sustainable management of environmental, water and agricultural resources.

Al-Fadhli said the fund represents a new model of institutional endowment work and a practical mechanism to expand developmental impact while ensuring the sustainability of non-profit initiatives.

Developed in partnership with the General Authority for Awqaf, the fund aims to build assets commensurate with its ambitions, enabling higher returns and a wider impact over the long term.

It will pursue carefully structured investments that balance financial performance with developmental outcomes, with the potential to own or benefit from real estate assets that can be used by non-profit organizations.

Encouraging Private-Sector Participation

Al-Fadhli added that the ministry, in cooperation with the General Authority for Awqaf, the Capital Market Authority and AlAhli Capital, will support the fund and encourage contributions from the private sector, business leaders and the wider public.

Contributions will be made through a licensed digital platform under strict financial governance. He called on all segments of society to contribute in support of sustainable development across the environment, water and agriculture sectors.

Namaa will finance endowment initiatives within the ministry’s ecosystem, including the non-profit institutions Reef, Morooj and Saqaya. Its focus areas include water provision and conservation, afforestation, biodiversity protection, vegetation cover, the circular economy, sustainable agriculture and irrigation, and reducing food loss and waste.

Emad Alkharashi, Governor of the General Authority for Awqaf, announced an initial contribution of SAR100 million, describing it as a foundation for a sustainable endowment model.

He said the fund combines the legacy of endowments with modern investment practices to protect natural resources, strengthen food security and ensure lasting developmental impact.

Alkharashi added that the partnership with the ministry maximizes results and positions the fund as a model for directing endowments toward high-impact, long-term priorities through a transparent, well-governed institutional framework.

Business

Makkah Gears Up for Ramadan with Tourism Drive, Record Hospitality Growth  

Tourism Minister Ahmed Al-Khateeb and other officials during his inspection tour on Tuesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Tourism Minister Ahmed Al-Khateeb and other officials during his inspection tour on Tuesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Makkah Gears Up for Ramadan with Tourism Drive, Record Hospitality Growth  

Tourism Minister Ahmed Al-Khateeb and other officials during his inspection tour on Tuesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Tourism Minister Ahmed Al-Khateeb and other officials during his inspection tour on Tuesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Tourism has raised the readiness of Makkah’s hospitality sector to its highest level ahead of the holy month of Ramadan, stressing that serving pilgrims and visitors remains a top national priority.

Makkah is preparing to receive worshippers and visitors amid a marked expansion in hospitality capacity. The city now has more than 2,200 licensed accommodation facilities, reflecting growth of 35 percent over the past year. The number of licensed hotel rooms has exceeded 380,000, up 25 percent, while total domestic and inbound tourism spending is projected to surpass SAR 143 billion ($38.1 billion) in 2025.

The wider Makkah region recorded unprecedented performance indicators last year, both in visitor numbers and tourism spending, underscoring sustained growth and operational readiness.

Total domestic and international visitors exceeded 50 million, marking a 14 percent increase compared with 2024.

Tourism Minister Ahmed Al-Khateeb announced the figures during an annual inspection tour on Tuesday, stressing that the indicators reflect a major expansion in accommodation capacity and record growth in visitor numbers.

The tour included inspections of temporary lodging facilities designated for pilgrims, part of a proactive plan to increase capacity during peak seasons, alongside early preparations for the upcoming Hajj.

Vision 2030 targets surpassed

Official data has shown that Saudi Arabia has exceeded its Vision 2030 targets for the Umrah. The number of pilgrims arriving from abroad rose from 8.5 million in 2019 to more than 18 million in 2025, surpassing the original goal of 15 million by 2030.

A number of hotels surrounding the Grand Mosque in Makkah. (General Authority for Awqaf)

Service quality indicators improved as well, with pilgrim satisfaction reaching 94 percent, exceeding Vision 2030 benchmarks.

Workforce development kept pace with demand, as the number of licensed tour guides rose to more than 980, a 23 percent increase.

Masar Mall project

Al-Khateeb announced a joint financing agreement between the Tourism Development Fund and the Arab National Bank with Hamat Holding to support the Masar Mall project. The development carries a total cost of SAR 936 million (about $250 million).

The project is expected to become the largest shopping center in Makkah with the capacity to accommodate around 20 million visitors annually.

Its location near the Haramain High-Speed Railway station and a direct pedestrian link to the Grand Mosque are expected to strengthen the city’s commercial and tourism infrastructure.

Jeddah: Gateway to pilgrims

Meanwhile, Jeddah continues to consolidate its position as a complementary destination to Makkah and a primary gateway for pilgrims, while also expanding its role as a coastal tourism hub.

The city welcomed more than 13 million domestic and international visitors in 2025, a 10 percent increase from 2024. Tourism spending reached SAR 28 billion ($7.47 billion), up 6 percent year on year.

Jeddah’s hospitality sector also expanded, with more than 500 licensed facilities and over 33,000 licensed rooms.

The city is currently developing 46 tourism projects valued at SAR 21 billion ($5.6 billion) and expected to add more than 11,000 hotel rooms and further strengthen its tourism infrastructure and economic value.

Business

ECB President Lagarde Reportedly Plans to Quit Before Macron's Term Ends

FILE PHOTO: European Central Bank (ECB) President Christine Lagarde addresses the press following the ECB's Governing Council meeting, at the ECB headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany, February 5, 2026. REUTERS/Jana Rodenbusch/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: European Central Bank (ECB) President Christine Lagarde addresses the press following the ECB's Governing Council meeting, at the ECB headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany, February 5, 2026. REUTERS/Jana Rodenbusch/File Photo
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ECB President Lagarde Reportedly Plans to Quit Before Macron's Term Ends

FILE PHOTO: European Central Bank (ECB) President Christine Lagarde addresses the press following the ECB's Governing Council meeting, at the ECB headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany, February 5, 2026. REUTERS/Jana Rodenbusch/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: European Central Bank (ECB) President Christine Lagarde addresses the press following the ECB's Governing Council meeting, at the ECB headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany, February 5, 2026. REUTERS/Jana Rodenbusch/File Photo

European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde plans to leave her job before next year's French presidential election to allow Emmanuel Macron to have an input into picking her successor, the Financial Times reported on Wednesday.

Lagarde's term is due to end in October 2027 but some fear that the far right may win the French presidential race ‌in the spring of ‌2027, complicating the selection for the ‌new ⁠leader of Europe's most ⁠important financial institution.

Citing a person familiar with the matter, the FT said Lagarde has not yet decided on the exact timing of her departure but was keen on Macron and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz to be the key deciders in who succeeds her. Macron cannot run again for a third term.

"President Lagarde is ⁠totally focused on her mission and has not ‌taken any decision regarding the end ‌of her term," Reuters quoted an ECB spokesperson as saying.

The FT report comes only ‌a week after Bank of France Governor Francois Villeroy de Galhau ‌said he would step down in June this year, more than a year before the end of his term, allowing Macron to name his replacement before the presidential election that the far-right could win.

While it ‌will be up to all leaders from the 21-nation euro zone to pick Lagarde's successor, ⁠past practice ⁠suggests that any successful candidate must have both German and French support to clinch the role.

There are no formal candidates for the job yet but several names have been floating among ECB circles as potential ECB presidents. The most prominent among these are former Dutch central bank chief Klaas Knot and Bank for International Settlements General Manager Pablo Hernandez de Cos.

Lagarde's non-renewable term at the ECB runs until October 31, 2027. Prior to heading the ECB, she was managing director of the International Monetary Fund from 2011 to 2019 and before that, the French finance minister.