Enayati to Asharq Al-Awsat: Saudi Arabia is a Pivotal Partner, Relations Are ‘Shielded’

The Saudi Crown Prince during his reception of the Secretary General of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council in September (SPA)
The Saudi Crown Prince during his reception of the Secretary General of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council in September (SPA)
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Enayati to Asharq Al-Awsat: Saudi Arabia is a Pivotal Partner, Relations Are ‘Shielded’

The Saudi Crown Prince during his reception of the Secretary General of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council in September (SPA)
The Saudi Crown Prince during his reception of the Secretary General of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council in September (SPA)

The Iranian ambassador to Riyadh said relations with Saudi Arabia are “shielded” and cannot be undermined, stressing that both countries share a commitment to regional security and stability, and to avoiding escalation that could unsettle the region.

In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat, Alireza Enayati said there is ongoing coordination between the two countries, including visits and meetings, some public and others conducted away from the spotlight.

“We must recognize the sensitivity of the current situation amid recurring threats facing the region and the risk of sliding into unprecedented escalation,” Enayati said.

“The Islamic Republic of Iran believes that regional stability serves the interests of all countries. This has been repeatedly affirmed during our meetings and discussions with Saudi officials.”

A senior Saudi official had told Asharq Al-Awsat on Saturday that reports circulated by some media outlets about a shift in the Kingdom’s stance on regional escalation were inaccurate.

The official said Saudi Arabia supports efforts to reach peaceful solutions to all outstanding issues between the United States and Iran through dialogue and diplomacy, stressing the Kingdom’s rejection of the use of its airspace or territory for any military action against Iran.

Saudi Arabia as a Pivotal State

The Iranian diplomat emphasized that Tehran considers Saudi Arabia a pivotal and influential country in the region, noting that cooperation between the two sides on issues of mutual interest contributes to strengthening regional security and stability.

He said Iran and Saudi Arabia are keen on maintaining the region’s security and stability and stress the importance of avoiding escalation that could disturb regional calm.

He added that consultations are underway, based on a strategic conviction shared by both sides that serves their respective interests and those of the region as a whole.

According to Enayati, the Kingdom views Iran as a reliable partner, while Iran regards Saudi Arabia as an important and effective regional actor. Cooperation between the two countries on shared concerns, he said, helps reinforce regional security and stability.

“Shielded” Relations

Enayati said these relations are shielded and cannot be compromised, thanks to the leaderships of both countries and their understanding of the inevitability and importance of maintaining and developing these ties, with positive implications for all parties.

He recalled Saudi Arabia’s supportive stance toward Iran during the recent Israeli war, saying Tehran welcomed the Kingdom’s position, which strongly condemned the Israeli aggression. The diplomat added that any harm to Iran affects the security of the entire region, a reality reflected in constructive regional positions, including that of Saudi Arabia.

Negotiating Framework with Washington

On reports of a negotiating framework taking shape between Iran and the United States, Enayati said Iran entered negotiations in 2015 and again in 2025 with full seriousness, but that Washington withdrew and handled the process inconsistently.

“If the United States is serious about an equal dialogue without preconditions, Iran welcomes that,” he said, adding that Iranian officials have repeatedly affirmed this position.

He noted that while recent statements suggest work is ongoing on a framework for talks, negotiations cannot begin with predetermined outcomes. Results, he said, must emerge from the negotiating process itself, not be imposed in advance.

Last week, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman reaffirmed during a phone call with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian the Kingdom’s support for efforts to resolve differences through dialogue in a way that enhances regional security and stability.

The Crown Prince stressed Saudi respect for Iran’s sovereignty and its refusal to allow the use of Saudi airspace or territory for any military actions against Iran.

Pezeshkian, in turn, thanked the Kingdom for its firm stance on respecting Iran’s sovereignty and territorial integrity and praised the Crown Prince’s efforts to promote regional security and stability.



Empty Quarter: Reservoir of Energy and Graveyard for Drones

The Empty Quarter lies atop two of the world’s largest oil and gas fields (SPA)
The Empty Quarter lies atop two of the world’s largest oil and gas fields (SPA)
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Empty Quarter: Reservoir of Energy and Graveyard for Drones

The Empty Quarter lies atop two of the world’s largest oil and gas fields (SPA)
The Empty Quarter lies atop two of the world’s largest oil and gas fields (SPA)

Stretching across the southern Arabian Peninsula, the Empty Quarter desert spreads like an endless sea of sand. It covers three Saudi administrative regions and extends across four countries, accounting for more than 67% of Saudi Arabia’s sand accumulations and about 22% of the Kingdom’s total land area.

Occupying nearly a fifth of the Arabian Peninsula, the vast desert is viewed by observers as both a reservoir of energy and a graveyard for drones targeting Saudi Arabia. Saudi defense authorities frequently announce interceptions of attacks headed for oil installations in the desert.

The Empty Quarter, one of the world’s largest sand seas, is also among its harshest environments, with temperatures reaching unbearable levels.

National Geographic describes it as a land “tamed only by the most resilient and wise of men despite its harshness,” a testament to the endurance of nomadic Bedouin tribes who forged unique bonds of kinship and marriage across generations.

Beneath the harsh landscape lie immense riches. The Empty Quarter sits atop some of the world’s largest oil and gas reserves. Nearby lie giant fields such as Shaybah, among the world’s largest crude oil fields on the desert’s edge, and Jafurah, Saudi Arabia’s largest unconventional gas field discovered to date. Jafurah alone holds an estimated 200 trillion standard cubic feet of gas and more than 60 billion barrels of condensate.

The Jafurah oil field. Aramco

The result is a striking contrast: a silent desert resting above resources that help drive the global economy.

Since March 5, the Empty Quarter has taken on another, unexpected role — a graveyard for drones targeting Saudi Arabia.

In just one week, its sands swallowed more than 63 drones as Saudi defenses carried out 27 interception and destruction operations, preventing them from striking the Shaybah field and reinforcing confidence in the Kingdom’s ability to protect energy supplies and ensure their delivery to global markets.

Ironically, three countries across which the Empty Quarter stretches — Saudi Arabia, which holds about 80% of the desert, along with Oman and the United Arab Emirates to the east, have faced Iranian drone, ballistic missile and cruise missile attacks.

The Shaybah oil field. Reuters

While many civilian and military sites have been affected, the attempt to target Shaybah marked what analysts described as an escalation threatening global energy sources.

A recent study by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) found that the Empty Quarter was once far different from the barren landscape it is known for today.

In the distant past, it was home to lakes, rivers and green plains that supported rich ecosystems and helped early human populations spread across the Arabian Peninsula.

Today it is among Saudi Arabia’s hottest and driest regions, with average rainfall of less than 50 millimeters a year and summer temperatures exceeding 50°C.

But researchers say these harsh conditions followed a wetter climate period known as “Green Arabia,” which lasted between 11,000 and 5,500 years ago in the late Quaternary era.

During that time, strong monsoon rains from Africa and India — driven by orbital climate shifts — fueled vegetation and wildlife across the region.

The desert’s name reflects both its scale and isolation. Saudi sources say it was called the “Empty Quarter” because it occupies roughly a quarter of the Arabian Peninsula and lacks permanent human settlement, aside from a small number of nomadic Bedouins, with limited wildlife and vegetation.

Some sources also refer to parts of the desert as “Al-Ahqaf,” believed to apply mainly to its southern reaches between Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Yemen.

Tradition links the area to the ancient people of ‘Ad and the legendary city of Iram, said to lie buried beneath the sands.

The Empty Quarter is more than a vast expanse of desert. It is a landscape where extremes meet — immense natural wealth beneath a silent sea of dunes, and a remote terrain that has quietly become a shield protecting vital energy supplies.


Saudi Foreign Minister Discusses Regional Escalation with Spanish Counterpart

Prince Faisal bin Farhan, Saudi Foreign Minister (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Prince Faisal bin Farhan, Saudi Foreign Minister (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Foreign Minister Discusses Regional Escalation with Spanish Counterpart

Prince Faisal bin Farhan, Saudi Foreign Minister (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Prince Faisal bin Farhan, Saudi Foreign Minister (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Minister of Foreign Affairs Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah received a phone call on Thursday from his Spanish counterpart José Manuel Albares.

During the call, they discussed the regional escalation and the efforts being exerted in this regard.


Pakistani Prime Minister Arrives in Jeddah

Pakistan's Prime Minister arriving in Jeddah - SPA
Pakistan's Prime Minister arriving in Jeddah - SPA
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Pakistani Prime Minister Arrives in Jeddah

Pakistan's Prime Minister arriving in Jeddah - SPA
Pakistan's Prime Minister arriving in Jeddah - SPA

Pakistan's Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif and his accompanying delegation arrived in Jeddah on Thursday, SPA reported.

At King Abdulaziz International Airport, the Pakistani prime minister was welcomed by Deputy Governor of Makkah Region Prince Saud bin Mishaal bin Abdulaziz, and several other officials.