Saudi Labor Market to Witness Radical Reforms

The Saudi Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development is committed to implementing radical reforms in the labor market in both the public and private sectors (Asharq Al-Awsat).
The Saudi Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development is committed to implementing radical reforms in the labor market in both the public and private sectors (Asharq Al-Awsat).
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Saudi Labor Market to Witness Radical Reforms

The Saudi Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development is committed to implementing radical reforms in the labor market in both the public and private sectors (Asharq Al-Awsat).
The Saudi Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development is committed to implementing radical reforms in the labor market in both the public and private sectors (Asharq Al-Awsat).

The Saudi Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development underlined its commitment to implement radical reforms in the labor market in both the public and private sectors. Those reforms, according to the ministry, include a set of initiatives that would increase economic participation, raise skills and productivity and improve market efficiency, in line with the goals of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030.

In comments to Asharq Al-Awsat, the ministry said that the reforms aim to support the development of existing systems and regulations, thus contributing to reforming the labor market and providing the appropriate legislative environment for the private sector, increasing its growth and creating an appropriate work environment that motivates the workers.

“The Saudi labor market has witnessed in recent years an escalating and continuous development, which reflects the leadership’s determination to support this sector as the backbone of the economy. Moreover, the Kingdom is witnessing an influx of huge investments, which requires keeping pace with the development by benefiting from the experiences of other countries, to reach the aspired goals under the leadership of the Saudi Crown Prince,” a former member of the Council of Saudi Chambers, Abdullah Al-Meleihi, told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Al-Meleihi added that the proposed amendments aim to improve the work environment, raise efficiency and maximize competitiveness to meet the requirements of the new leading projects, including The Line and NEOM.

Consultant and professor of law at the Institute of Public Administration in Riyadh, Dr. Osama Al-Obaidi, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the draft amendment of the labor system aims to improve the business environment, reform the labor market, and provide an appropriate legal and regulatory framework for the development of the private sector, as well as supporting women’s participation.

Al-Obaidi stated that reducing the percentage of required nationalization for companies would help curb the costs and increase profits, thus boost economic growth.

The amendments will also lead to an increase in the localization of jobs by reducing the weekly working hours to 40 hours instead of 48 hours and adjusting the working hours in Ramadan to 30 hours per week instead of 36 hours, according to Al-Obaidi.

For his part, Economist Dr. Khalil Khoja told Asharq Al-Awsat that the package of amendments, proposals, procedures and initiatives recently launched by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development would enhance the digital economy

“The amendments cannot be separated from the Kingdom’s plan to provide decent job opportunities for citizens by intensifying rehabilitation and training programs that aim to produce qualified and professional cadres,” he emphasized.



Iraq State Oil Firm Reaffirms Deal Obliging Oil Companies in Kurdistan to Hand over Output

A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Media Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraqi Prime Minister's Media Office / AFP)
A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Media Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraqi Prime Minister's Media Office / AFP)
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Iraq State Oil Firm Reaffirms Deal Obliging Oil Companies in Kurdistan to Hand over Output

A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Media Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraqi Prime Minister's Media Office / AFP)
A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Media Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraqi Prime Minister's Media Office / AFP)

Iraq's state oil company, SOMO, reiterated on Sunday its commitment to its oil export deal with the Kurdish regional government ‌which obliges ‌global ‌oil companies ⁠operating in ‌the region to hand over their production of crude oil to the company.

SOMO ⁠made the remarks ‌in response to ‍a ‍Reuters report published ‍in September which quoted Norway's DNO as saying it had no immediate plans to ship ⁠oil through the Iraq-Türkiye pipeline which restarted after a more than two-year halt following a deal between Baghdad and the Kurdish ‌regional government.


How 2025 Decisions Redrew the Future of Riyadh’s Real Estate Market

Construction is seen at a real estate project in Riyadh. (SPA)
Construction is seen at a real estate project in Riyadh. (SPA)
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How 2025 Decisions Redrew the Future of Riyadh’s Real Estate Market

Construction is seen at a real estate project in Riyadh. (SPA)
Construction is seen at a real estate project in Riyadh. (SPA)

The Saudi capital underwent an unprecedented structural shift in its real estate market in 2025, driven by a forward-looking agenda led by Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister. Far from incremental regulation, the year’s measures amounted to a deep corrective overhaul aimed at dismantling long-standing distortions, breaking land hoarding, expanding affordable housing supply, and firmly rebalancing landlord-tenant relations.

Together, the decisions ended years of speculation fueled by artificial scarcity and pushed the market toward maturity, one grounded in real demand, fair pricing, and transparency.

Observers dubbed 2025 a “white revolution” for Saudi real estate. The reforms severed the link between property and short-term speculation, restoring housing as a sustainable residential and investment product. Below is a detailed outline of the most significant of these historic decisions:

1- Unlocking land, boosting supply

In March, authorities lifted restrictions on sale, subdivision, development permits, and planning approvals for 81 million square meters north of Riyadh. A similar decision in October freed another 33.24 million square meters to the west.

The Royal Commission for Riyadh City was also mandated to deliver 10,000 - 40,000 fully serviced plots annually at subsidized prices capped at SAR 1,500 per square meter, curbing price manipulation and offering real alternatives for citizens.

2- Rent controls and contractual fairness

To stabilize households and businesses, the government froze annual rent increases for residential and commercial leases in Riyadh for five years starting in September. Enforced through the upgraded “Ejar” platform, the move halted arbitrary hikes while aligning growth with residents’ quality of life.

3- Tougher fees

An improved White Land Tax took effect in August, extending beyond vacant plots to include unoccupied built properties. Annual fees rose to as much as 10% of land value for parcels of 5,000 square meters or more within urban limits, raising the cost of land hoarding and incentivizing prompt development.

4- Investment openness and digital governance

A revised foreign ownership regime allowed non-Saudis - individuals and companies - to own property in designated zones under strict criteria, injecting international liquidity. Transparency was reinforced by the launch of the “Real Estate Balance” platform, providing real-time price indicators based on actual transactions and curbing phantom pricing.

5- Quality and urban standards

Policy shifted from quantity to quality with mandatory application of the Saudi Building Code and sustainability standards for all new developments, ensuring long-term operational value and preventing low-quality sprawl.

Structural shift

Sector specialists told Asharq Al-Awsat the measures represent a qualitative leap in market management, moving Riyadh from a scarcity and speculation-led cycle to a balanced market governed by genuine demand, efficient land use, disciplined contracts, and transparent indicators.

Khaled Al-Mobid, CEO of Menassat Realty Co., said the reforms were timely and corrective after years of rapid price escalation. He noted early positives: slowing price growth, a return to realistic negotiations, increased supply in some districts, and better-quality offerings focused on intrinsic value rather than quick appreciation.

Abdullah Al-Moussa, a real estate expert and broker, described the steps as addressing root causes, not symptoms.

He observed a behavioral shift, especially in northern Riyadh, from “hold and wait” to reassessment, alongside calmer price momentum, renewed interest in actual development, and clearer rental dynamics.

Saqr Al-Zahrani, another market expert, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the reforms tackled structural imbalances by breaking artificial scarcity created by undeveloped land banks.

Opening vast tracts north and west and introducing market-wide indicators restored “organized abundance,” aligning prices with real demand and purchasing power without heavy-handed intervention, he remarked.

He added that recent months have seen weaker demand for raw land and stalled auctions, contrasted with rising interest in off-plan sales and partnerships with developers.

Banks, too, have reprioritized toward projects with operational viability, lifting overall supply quality despite a temporary slowdown in some transactions.

Consumers, meanwhile, are showing greater patience and interest in self-build options, signaling a maturing market awareness.

Outlook

Experts expect the effects to continue through 2027, delivering broad price stability with limited corrections in overheated locations rather than sharp declines.

Homeownership, especially among young buyers, is projected to rise as capital shifts from land speculation to long-term development.

The 2025 decisions were not short-term fixes but the launch of a new social and economic trajectory for Riyadh’s property market, redefining real estate as a housing service and value-adding investment, not a speculative vessel.

As Riyadh advances toward becoming one of the world’s ten largest city economies, its real estate reset offers a model for aligning regulation with quality of life, transparency, and sustainable growth.


Deal to Export Oil from Kurdish Region to Continue with No Issues, Kurdish Rudaw Reports

A staff at an oilfield holds the flag of Kurdistan. (X)
A staff at an oilfield holds the flag of Kurdistan. (X)
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Deal to Export Oil from Kurdish Region to Continue with No Issues, Kurdish Rudaw Reports

A staff at an oilfield holds the flag of Kurdistan. (X)
A staff at an oilfield holds the flag of Kurdistan. (X)

Kurdistan broadcaster Rudaw quoted the ​vice president of Iraq's state oil company SOMO as saying ‌on Saturday that ‌the ‌oil ⁠export ​deal ‌between Baghdad and Erbil is set to be renewed with ⁠out issues, Reuters reported.

In September, ‌Iraq restarted ‍the ‍export of ‍oil from its Kurdish region to Türkiye after ​an interruption of more ⁠than two years following a deal between Baghdad and the Kurdish regional government.