World Bank: Lebanon Crisis Among World's Worst Since 1850s

Anti-government demonstrators block the street with burning garbage dumpsters in front of Lebanon's central bank in this file picture taken on March 16, 2021 - AFP
Anti-government demonstrators block the street with burning garbage dumpsters in front of Lebanon's central bank in this file picture taken on March 16, 2021 - AFP
TT

World Bank: Lebanon Crisis Among World's Worst Since 1850s

Anti-government demonstrators block the street with burning garbage dumpsters in front of Lebanon's central bank in this file picture taken on March 16, 2021 - AFP
Anti-government demonstrators block the street with burning garbage dumpsters in front of Lebanon's central bank in this file picture taken on March 16, 2021 - AFP

Lebanon's economic collapse is likely to rank among the world's worst financial crises since the mid-19th century, the World Bank said in a damning report released Tuesday.

The report predicts that Lebanon's economy will shrink by close to 10 percent in 2021 and stresses there is "no clear turning point in the horizon".

Lebanon defaulted on its debt last year, the currency lost around 85 percent of its value and poverty is devastating a country once seen as a beacon of prosperity in the region, AFP reported.

"The economic and financial crisis is likely to rank in the top 10, possibly top 3, most severe crisis episodes globally since the mid-nineteenth century," the report said.

The latest World Bank Lebanon Economic Monitor report, entitled "Lebanon Sinking: To the Top 3", said such brutal economic collapses are usually the result of war.

The complete meltdown of Lebanon's economy during the past 18 months is widely blamed on corruption and mismanagement by the country's hereditary political elite.

"Policy responses by Lebanon's leadership to these challenges have been highly inadequate," the report says.

Lebanon's ruling class has failed to act on the country's worst emergency in a generation, which was compounded by the coronavirus pandemic and a devastating explosion at Beirut port last August.

"The increasingly dire socio-economic conditions risk systemic national failings with regional and potentially global effects," the World Bank said.

The International Monetary Fund has offered assistance but the country's political barons have failed to even form a government that could deliver the reforms on which foreign aid is conditioned.

- 'Social unrest' -

"Subject to extraordinarily high uncertainty, real GDP is projected to contract by a further 9.5 percent in 2021," said the World Bank, dashing any hopes of a quick recovery.

According to the monetary institution, the economy contracted by 6.7 percent in 2019 and 20.3 percent in 2020.

The solutions the Lebanese authorities have so far opted for to ease the financial crisis have placed much of the burden on small depositors.

The report warned of "potential triggers to social unrest" in a country with a history of conflict and instability.

"The increasingly dire socio-economic conditions risk systemic national failings with regional and potentially global effects," it said.

The bankrupt state is unable to settle many of its bills and Lebanon's own energy minister, Raymond Ghajar, has warned that electricity supply was becoming critical and that the country could be plunged into total darkness by June's end.

"The sharp deterioration in basic services would have long-term implications: mass migration, loss of learning, poor health outcomes, lack of adequate safety nets, among others," the report said.

"Permanent damage to human capital would be very hard to recover," said the World Bank Lebanon Economic Monitor, whose previous report was entitled "The Deliberate Depression".

"Perhaps this dimension of the Lebanese crisis makes the Lebanon episode unique compared to other global crises," it said.

Some teachers in Lebanon are now earning the equivalent of less than $200 monthly, doctors are increasingly looking for work abroad and many students can no longer afford university tuition.



Business-Friendly Climate Draws 123,000 New Commercial Registrations in Saudi Arabia

 Employees at the Saudi Business Center (SPA). 
 Employees at the Saudi Business Center (SPA). 
TT

Business-Friendly Climate Draws 123,000 New Commercial Registrations in Saudi Arabia

 Employees at the Saudi Business Center (SPA). 
 Employees at the Saudi Business Center (SPA). 

Saudi Arabia’s business environment attracted 123,000 new commercial registrations in the fourth quarter of 2025, pushing the total number of active registrations past 1.8 million by year-end. Foreign investment in the healthcare sector surged by nearly 560 percent over the past three years, highlighting strong international confidence in the Saudi market.

According to a recent report by the Ministry of Commerce, reviewed by Asharq Al-Awsat, the number of active sole proprietorship registrations reached 1.26 million by the end of 2025, reflecting 20 percent growth over the past five years.

Active limited liability companies (LLCs) totaled 571,000, with a sharp 183 percent increase over five years. Meanwhile, the number of joint-stock companies grew 50 percent over the same period to 4,733 active registrations.

Regional and Sectoral Performance

Riyadh led the Kingdom in new commercial registrations during the final quarter of 2025 with 45,600 records, followed by the Eastern Province with more than 20,000, and Makkah Region with 19,200.

The construction sector topped all industries, with more than 66,000 registrations issued during the quarter. It was followed by wholesale and retail trade with 24,900, and manufacturing industries with 23,700, while the remainder was spread across other activities.

The report also highlighted a strong rise in e-commerce sales conducted via Mada cards in October, which hit a record SAR 30.7 billion ($8.1 billion) - a 68 percent year-on-year increase, up SAR 12.4 billion ($3.3 billion) from October 2024, according to data from the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA).

Healthcare Sector Momentum

The Ministry of Commerce said Saudi Arabia continues to roll out development projects aimed at improving healthcare quality and capacity by strengthening national talent, adopting innovative digital solutions, and upgrading medical facilities.

The Kingdom ranks first regionally in healthcare investment, with agreements signed at the recent Global Health Exhibition in Riyadh valued at about SAR 133 billion ($35.4 billion). Foreign investment in the sector has expanded by more than 560 percent in three years, with healthcare contributing 5 percent of GDP.

Healthcare-related activities saw strong growth in the fourth quarter, including medical laboratories (+33%), pharmaceutical manufacturing (+31%), physiotherapy centers (+31%), and telemedicine and remote care services (+30%).

E-Commerce and High-Growth Sectors

Active e-commerce registrations rose 9 percent year-on-year to 43,800 by the end of the fourth quarter, up from 40,000 in the same period of 2024. Strengthening the e-commerce ecosystem is a key objective of the National Transformation Program, with Saudi Arabia ranked among the world’s top 10 fastest-growing e-commerce markets.

Promising sectors highlighted by the report include artificial intelligence, gaming, cybersecurity, health software, and electric vehicle charging stations. AI-related registrations grew 34 percent to more than 19,000, while gaming rose 27 percent to 841 registrations. UI/UX design activities climbed 28 percent to 18,900.

Cybersecurity registrations increased 27 percent to 9,700, while health and medical software surged 85 percent to 4,300. Power generation and distribution activities grew 27 percent, and EV charging station operations expanded 26 percent to 4,300 registrations.

Investment Deals and Forums

The report cited the success of the Biban Forum, recently held in Riyadh, which generated agreements and launches exceeding SAR 38 billion ($10.1 billion). Investment deals worth SAR 22.2 million ($5.9 million) benefited 55 startups, with participation from 1,021 companies across 66 countries.

It also highlighted the Northern Borders Forum, which offered more than 240 investment opportunities valued at SAR 40 billion ($10.6 billion) across sectors including livestock, food, mining and energy, tourism, environment, and logistics.

 

 


SABIC Reshapes Global Footprint With $950m Divestment Deals

A SABIC employee (company website) 
A SABIC employee (company website) 
TT

SABIC Reshapes Global Footprint With $950m Divestment Deals

A SABIC employee (company website) 
A SABIC employee (company website) 

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) has announced a major overhaul of its global portfolio, accelerating its exit from petrochemical and engineering plastics assets in Europe and the Americas through two divestment deals worth a combined $950 million.

The move marks a fundamental shift in the company’s operating model and investment identity. It comes as part of an intensive portfolio-optimization program launched in 2022, aimed at boosting returns on capital, freeing up cash, and refocusing investments on higher-growth markets and more sustainable profit margins.

Following the announcement, SABIC shares came under heavy selling pressure on Thursday, falling to 48.78 riyals — their lowest level since April 2009. The decline reflected investor reaction to deal details that include non-cash losses of about $4.88 billion (18.3 billion riyals), stemming from the fair-value revaluation of divested assets. These charges are expected to weigh on the company’s fourth-quarter 2025 results.

While the market response was cautious, analysts say the accounting hit represents a necessary short-term sacrifice to build a leaner, more competitive company aligned with the new centers of global economic growth in East Asia. The divestments also fit within SABIC’s longer-term strategic shift that began in 2020, when Saudi Aramco acquired a 70% stake in the company from the Public Investment Fund for $69.1 billion in the largest deal in the history of the Saudi stock market.

Focus on Higher-Margin Markets

According to SABIC, the first transaction involves the sale of its European petrochemicals business to investment firm AEQUITA for an enterprise value of $500 million. The second covers the sale of its thermoplastics engineering plastics business in Europe and the Americas to Mutares SE & Co. KGaA for $450 million, with potential additional payments linked to future free cash flow over the next four years or a subsequent resale of the business.

SABIC said the transactions represent a key step in reshaping its portfolio, sharpening its focus on higher-margin markets and products with strong competitive advantages, while redeploying capital into opportunities that deliver stronger returns and improved free cash flow. The company stressed that the divestments will not detract from its commitment to technology and innovation or its ability to serve customers worldwide.

Short-Term Pain, Long-Term Gain

SABIC chairman Khalid Al-Dabbagh described the deals as a “transformational step” in the company’s strategy to maximize shareholder value by strengthening cash generation.

Chief executive Abdulrahman Al-Fageeh said the transactions extend the portfolio-optimization program launched in 2022, which included earlier exits from functional forms and the Hadeed and Alba businesses. He said the strategy allows SABIC to reshape its portfolio more effectively and concentrate on areas where it has clear and sustainable competitive advantages in a rapidly changing global environment.

For his part, Chief financial officer Salah Al-Hareky added that the divestments reflect SABIC’s disciplined approach to capital management. Freeing up capital for redeployment into higher-return opportunities, he said, will improve capital efficiency and enhance returns over the medium to long term.

Assets Involved

The European petrochemicals business being sold includes the production and marketing of ethylene, propylene, polyethylene, polypropylene and value-added polymer compounds, with manufacturing sites in the UK, the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium.

The engineering thermoplastics deal covers SABIC assets producing materials such as polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate and ABS resins, with manufacturing facilities in the United States, Mexico, Brazil, Spain and the Netherlands. Mutares co-founder and chief executive Robin Laik said the priority after completion will be ensuring business continuity and supporting employees during the transition, while unlocking the full potential of the assets as a standalone platform.

Completion of both transactions remains subject to customary conditions and regulatory approvals, including employee consultations where required. SABIC expects the deals to close in the second half of 2026.

Analysts see the exits from lower-return assets as a catalyst for improved margins and stronger free cash flow, positioning SABIC for a more resilient and profitable phase beyond the near-term pressures on its share price.

 

 

 


Lebanon Signs Gas Exploration Deal with International Consortium Amid Economic Crisis

In this photo released by the Lebanese Government press office, Lebanese Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, right background, attends the signing of an international consortium deal for gas exploration in the cost of southern Lebanon between the Lebanese government and representing officials from the international consortium consisting of France's Total, Italy's ENI, and state-owned oil and gas company Qatar Energy, in Beirut, Lebanon, Friday, Jan. 9, 2026. (Lebanese Government press office via AP)
In this photo released by the Lebanese Government press office, Lebanese Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, right background, attends the signing of an international consortium deal for gas exploration in the cost of southern Lebanon between the Lebanese government and representing officials from the international consortium consisting of France's Total, Italy's ENI, and state-owned oil and gas company Qatar Energy, in Beirut, Lebanon, Friday, Jan. 9, 2026. (Lebanese Government press office via AP)
TT

Lebanon Signs Gas Exploration Deal with International Consortium Amid Economic Crisis

In this photo released by the Lebanese Government press office, Lebanese Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, right background, attends the signing of an international consortium deal for gas exploration in the cost of southern Lebanon between the Lebanese government and representing officials from the international consortium consisting of France's Total, Italy's ENI, and state-owned oil and gas company Qatar Energy, in Beirut, Lebanon, Friday, Jan. 9, 2026. (Lebanese Government press office via AP)
In this photo released by the Lebanese Government press office, Lebanese Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, right background, attends the signing of an international consortium deal for gas exploration in the cost of southern Lebanon between the Lebanese government and representing officials from the international consortium consisting of France's Total, Italy's ENI, and state-owned oil and gas company Qatar Energy, in Beirut, Lebanon, Friday, Jan. 9, 2026. (Lebanese Government press office via AP)

Lebanon ’s government on Friday signed a deal with an international consortium to explore gas in an offshore area bordering Israel. 

The deal for exploration at the so-called Block 8 off the coast of southern Lebanon comes after Lebanon and Israel signed a 2022 agreement over their maritime border. The new deal is the latest to be granted by Lebanon to international companies to search for gas in its territorial waters. 

Cash-strapped Lebanon hopes that future gas discoveries will help the country pull itself out of the worst economic and financial crisis in its modern history. 

The deal was signed at the government’s headquarters in downtown Beirut by Energy Minister Joe Saddi from the Lebanese side and officials from the international consortium consisting of France’s TotalEnergies, Italy’s ENI, and state-owned oil and gas company Qatar Energy. 

TotalEnergies said in a statement that the consortium plans to start with a 1,200-square kilometer (463 square mile) 3D seismic survey to assess the area’s exploration potential. 

In 2017, Lebanon approved licenses for France’s TotalEnergies, Italy’s ENI and Russia’s Novatek to move forward with offshore oil and gas development for two of 10 blocks in the Mediterranean Sea, including one that was at the time in a disputed part with neighboring Israel. 

The companies did not find viable amounts of oil and gas in one of the blocks north of Beirut, and drilling in another in the south was repeatedly postponed because of the maritime border dispute with Israel. Lebanon and Israel later signed a deal over their maritime border in 2022. 

In August 2023, an offshore drilling rig began operations in the Mediterranean Sea off Lebanon’s coast. 

That did not give positive results, but Patrick Pouyanné, Chairman and CEO of TotalEnergies, said in a statement that they will keep trying in other areas. 

“We remain committed to pursue our exploration activities in Lebanon,” said Pouyanné. “We will now focus our efforts on Block 8, together with our partners Eni and QatarEnergy and in close cooperation with Lebanese authorities.” 

On Oct. 8, 2023 Lebanon’s Hezbollah started firing rockets toward Israeli posts along the border to back its Hamas allies a day after the Palestinian group attacked southern Israel. The war lasted 14 months during which Hezbollah was severely weakened. 

In January 2023, Lebanon, ENI, TotalEnergies and state-owned oil and gas company Qatar Energy signed an agreement in which the Qatari firm replaced Novatek. Under the deal, Qatar Energy takes Novatek’s 20% stake in addition to 5% each from ENI and TotalEnergies, leaving the Arab company with a total stake of 30%. TotalEnergies and ENI will each have 35% stakes.